OBJECTIVE: To explore the prenatal and postnatal phenotypes of 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and enhance clinical understanding of this condition. METHODS: Data were collected from 86 fetuses diagnosed with 22q11.2DS at four prenatal diagnostic centers across China between January 2014 and August 2025. Prenatal imaging findings, pregnancy outcomes, and postnatal conditions were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 86 fetuses, complete ultrasound data were available for 65 cases. Cardiovascular abnormalities were observed in 42 cases, thymic hypoplasia or aplasia in 7 cases, urinary system anomalies in 6 cases, nuchal translucency (NT) thickening in 7 cases, butterfly vertebrae, clubfoot, omphalocele and diaphragmatic hernia in 1 case each, cleft lip and palate in 2 cases, and ultrasound soft markers in 13 cases. The parents of 9 fetuses opted to continue with the pregnancy. Among these, 6 showed no significant ultrasound abnormalities and no related phenotypes postnatally, while the remaining 3 exhibited ultrasound anomalies with postnatal manifestations including developmental delay, immunodeficiency, and cardiac defects. CONCLUSION Fetuses with 22q11.2DS may exhibit various ultrasound abnormalities in multiple systems before and after birth. In addition to cardiovascular anomalies, they may also present with thymic hypoplasia or aplasia, thickened NT, and urinary abnormalities. Fetuses with thickened NT or thymic anomalies should be closely monitored, and thymic assessment should be included in routine prenatal imaging evaluations. For fetuses with 22q11.2DS who show no ultrasound abnormalities, the risk of developing severe phenotypes after birth is relatively low, but occult palate clefts and psychiatric disorders cannot be ruled out. Due to limitations in sample size and follow-up duration, above conclusions require further validation through large-scale prospective studies.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; DiGeorge Syndrome/genetics* ; Adult ; Male ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Phenotype ; Infant, Newborn

Magnetic resonance elastography （MRE） has become an important tool for the diagnosis and staging of fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD）， and its high diagnostic accuracy can help to effectively evaluate the dynamic changes and long-term prognosis of fibrosis in patients with MAFLD. In addition， MRE also shows wide potential in patient screening and outcome assessment in new drug development for metabolic-associated steatohepatitis. This article comprehensively analyzes the potential value of MRE in evaluating liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients， as well as its advantages in clinical practice and future development directions.

Objective To investigate the antibody levels of measles, rubella and mumps among healthy residents in Fengtai District, Beijing, and to provide reference for further improving the level of immunization coverage.Methods A total of 242 healthy people who had continuously resided in Fengtai District for more than six months were randomly selected. Blood samples were collected for quantitative detection of IgG antibodies against measles, rubella and mumps by indirect ELISA.Results Among the 242 people surveyed, the positive rates of measles, rubella and mumps antibodies were 76. 45%, 89. 67%and 75. 62%, and the geometric mean concentrations(GMCs) were 739. 97 IU/L, 35. 87 IU/mL and 43. 01 RU/mL,respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of measles, rubella, and mumps antibodies between males and females(χ~2= 0. 659, 0. 173 and 0. 046, respectively, P > 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of measles, rubella, and mumps antibodies between this city and floating household registrations(χ~2= 1. 859, 0. 045 and 1. 098, respectively, P > 0. 05). However, the positive rates of measles, rubella, and mumps antibodies between different age groups were statistically significantly different(χ~2= 31. 324, χ~2_(fisher)= 28. 650, χ~2= 24. 817, P < 0. 05), and the positive rates of three antibodies were statistically significantly different among different immunization times(χ~2= 14. 315, χ~2_(fisher)=21. 766, χ~2= 17. 764, P < 0. 05).Conclusion The levels of measles, rubella and mumps antibodies among healthy individuals in Fengtai District remain to be further enhanced. In the future, routine vaccination services should be continuously strengthened, and women of childbearing age should be advocated to receive measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, so as to further enhance the level of immunization coverage.

OBJECTIVE:Most of the existing studies are based on traditional Meta-analysis to study the efficacy of single stimulation protocols such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on lower limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients,and it is not possible to clarify which stimulation protocol is the optimal choice.This study used network meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation in the treatment of lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Medline and Web of Science databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation for lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke from inception to October 1,2024.Data extraction was performed on the included studies.RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for traditional meta-analysis and the quality of the included studies was evaluated.Stata 17.0 software was used for network meta-analysis.RESULTS:(1)A total of 39 studies involving 2 920 patients were included,involving 6 treatment methods:conventional rehabilitation training,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation.(2)The results of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training in the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function.(3)In terms of improving Berg balance scale score,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intermittent theta burst stimulation were significantly different from conventional rehabilitation training(P＜0.05),and there was a significant difference between high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation(P＜0.05).(4)In improving modified Barthel index and Barthel index,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training.(5)Under the cumulative ranking chart,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation showed the best efficacy in Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function,Berg balance scale score,modified Barthel index and Barthel index,followed by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.CONCLUSION:Both high-and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve the lower limb motor function and balance function of patients with stroke,and can improve the activities of daily living of patients to varying degrees.Moreover,the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is better than that of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

OBJECTIVE:Most of the existing studies are based on traditional Meta-analysis to study the efficacy of single stimulation protocols such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on lower limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients,and it is not possible to clarify which stimulation protocol is the optimal choice.This study used network meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation in the treatment of lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Medline and Web of Science databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on different regimens of non-invasive brain stimulation for lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke from inception to October 1,2024.Data extraction was performed on the included studies.RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for traditional meta-analysis and the quality of the included studies was evaluated.Stata 17.0 software was used for network meta-analysis.RESULTS:(1)A total of 39 studies involving 2 920 patients were included,involving 6 treatment methods:conventional rehabilitation training,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation.(2)The results of network meta-analysis showed that high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training in the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function.(3)In terms of improving Berg balance scale score,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,and intermittent theta burst stimulation were significantly different from conventional rehabilitation training(P＜0.05),and there was a significant difference between high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation(P＜0.05).(4)In improving modified Barthel index and Barthel index,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation were superior to conventional rehabilitation training.(5)Under the cumulative ranking chart,high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation showed the best efficacy in Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity motor function,Berg balance scale score,modified Barthel index and Barthel index,followed by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.CONCLUSION:Both high-and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve the lower limb motor function and balance function of patients with stroke,and can improve the activities of daily living of patients to varying degrees.Moreover,the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is better than that of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

ObjectiveTaking the cuproptosis/oxidative stress pathway as the entry point， this study investigated the effect and mechanism of Liangyi Paste on hepatic lipid deposition in naturally aged mice fed with a high-fat diet. MethodsAfter adaptive feeding， 80 ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used. Thirty of them were randomly divided into three groups （10 mice per group）： The 12-month-old control group （12MCON）， the 15-month-old control group （15MCON）， and the 15-month-old group with a high-fat diet （15MHFD）. The 12MCON and 15MCON groups were continuously fed a standard diet， while the 15MHFD group started receiving a high-fat diet at 12 months of age. Tissue samples were collected at the corresponding time points for each group. The remaining 50 mice were randomly divided into five groups （10 mice per group）： the 20-month-old control group （20MCON）， the model group， and the low-， medium-， and high-dose Liangyi Paste groups （2.91 ， 5.82 ， 11.64 g·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively）. The 20MCON group was continuously fed a standard diet， while the other groups started receiving a high-fat diet at 15 months of age. At 18 months of age， the Liangyi Paste groups were administered the corresponding doses of Liangyi Paste by gavage， while the 20MCON and model groups were given an equal volume of saline by gavage. After 8 weeks of continuous gavage （when the mice reached 20 months of age）， tissue samples were collected. Hepatic TG levels were measured using assay kits； liver histology and lipid deposition were observed via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and oil red O staining； reactive oxygen species （ROS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）； Cu²⁺， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and malondialdehyde （MDA） levels were measured by colorimetry； mRNA and protein expression of genes related to cuproptosis and oxidative stress pathways were analyzed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Wes automated protein expression system. ResultsCompared with 12MCON， the 15MCON group showed significantly increased hepatic TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA levels （P<0.01）， decreased SOD （P<0.01）， hepatocyte swelling， and disordered arrangement. The mRNA and protein levels of ferredoxin 1 （FDX1）， dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase （DLAT）， heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）， dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase （DLD）， pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit-β （PDHB）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） were significantly elevated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with 15MCON group， the 15MHFD and 20MCON groups exhibited further increases in TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA （P<0.01）， reduced SOD （P<0.01）， and aggravated hepatocyte swelling and disorder. There were increased lipid droplets with mild vacuolization in the 15MHFD group， and no significant lipid deposition was observed in the 20MCON group. FDX1， DLAT， HSP70， DLD， PDHB， Nrf2， and PPARγ mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with 20MCON group， the model group demonstrated markedly elevated TG， Cu²⁺， ROS， and MDA （P<0.01）， reduced SOD （P<0.01）， severe hepatic steatosis， and upregulated expression of FDX1， DLAT， HSP70， DLD， PDHB， Nrf2， and PPARγ mRNA and proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. All abnormalities were significantly reversed after Liangyi Paste treatment. ConclusionLiangyi paste can ameliorate hepatic lipid deposition in naturally aged mice with a high-fat diet by modulating the cuproptosis/oxidative stress pathway.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of extreme thrombocytosis caused by piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection, and provide reference for medical treatment and pharmaceutical care of such patients. Methods Extreme thrombocytosis of a patient treated with piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection was found by clinical pharmacists, who participated in clinical diagnosis and treatment by analyzing of the adverse drug reaction, optimization of the medical treatment and pharmaceutical care. Results After correlation analysis, the patient's extreme thrombocytosis was likely to be an adverse reaction caused by the piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection. The medication was immediately discontinued, and antiplatelet therapy with aspirin was administered. Two weeks later, the patient's platelet count had significantly decreased compared to before. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists participated in patients’ clinical diagnosis and treatment, carried out pharmaceutical care and assisted physicians in adjusting treatment plans, which ensured the safety and effectiveness of patients' clinical drug therapy.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and spatio-temporal characteristics of influenza in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into perfecting the prevention and control strategies of influenza. Methods: Data of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Population data of the same period were collected from the Zhejiang Health Information Network Reporting System. The epidemiological characteristics of influenza were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Vector map information was collected from the Open Street Map, and the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of influenza were analyzed using spatial autocorrelation and spatio-temporal scanning. Results: A total of 181 501 cases of influenza were reported in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 653.93/105. The majority of cases were aged 5 to <15 years (59 785 cases, 32.94%). The majority of the occupations were students (78 239 cases, 43.11%) and pre-school children (33 715 cases, 18.58%). The county (city, district) with the highest reported incidence was Haining City (1 451.70/105), and the town (street) with the highest reported incidence was Chang'an Town (1 932.78/105). Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the incidence of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023 had positive spatial correlations (all Moran's I>0, all P<0.05), with a high-high clustering in the southern region. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis showed that there was a spatio-temporal clustering of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with the southern region being the primary-type clustering area and the period between November and January of the following year being the clustering time. Conclusion There was a significant spatio-temporal clustering of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with winter being the peak season and the southern region being the primary area.

Objective:To investigate the role of ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50) in renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods:Renal tissue specimens from 24 DN patients (DN group) confirmed by medical history, clinical laboratory tests, and pathological diagnosis at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University and 15 adjacent normal renal tissues (control group) from 2018 to 2023 were collected. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of EBP50, E-cadherin, and Vimentin proteins. Additionally, 10 healthy volunteers were enrolled as a normal group, and fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and 24 h urinary protein levels were compared between DN patients and the normal group.Results:Fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and 24 h urinary protein levels were significantly higher in the DN group than in the normal group (all P<0.01). Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining revealed significant thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, increased extracellular matrix, vacuolar degeneration of renal tubules, and elevated extracellular matrix in the renal interstitium in the DN group. Immunohistochemistry showed higher expression of EBP50 and E-cadherin proteins in the control group than in the DN group (all P<0.01), while Vimentin expression was lower in the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusions:EBP50 is involved in the EMT process of renal tubules in DN and is associated with tubular injury.

Objective:In order to effectively educate students on tooth defect diseases and restoration techniques, the teaching and research team at the School of Stomatology of Qingdao University developed an integrated course operative dentistry. This course is specifically designed to align with the undergraduate curriculum reform requirements of "Three Early, Two Multiple and One Integration".Methods:The teaching practice of operative dentistry was conducted with the stomatology undergraduates of grade 2020 and 2021. The course group redesigned the curriculum by reorganizing teaching content, rebuilding teaching resources, reconstructing teaching mode, and reshaping the evaluation system. Evaluation of the curriculum design included test scores, satisfaction questionnaires, and teacher self-evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 software, including independent sample t-tests for numerical variables and Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for categorical variables. Results:Through the integrated course learning, 92.68% (38/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 97.44% (38/39) of the students of grade 2021 can basically or completely master various dental defect repair schemes and understand the importance of preserving natural tooth. 82.93% (34/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 100.00% (39/39) of the students of grade 2021 could basically or completely master the key points of various dental defect restorations.Conclusions:Through the practice of teaching, it has been confirmed that the integrated course of operative dentistry is beneficial to students' mastering the knowledge and skills of dental defect diseases and their restoration in a more comprehensive way, and is conducive to the cultivation of clinical thinking, hands-on ability and the patient-centered, comprehensive problem-solving thinking, which is in line with the guidance on the innovation and development of medical education.