Objective:To identify the trajectories of dietary choline intake in middle-aged and older population, and to analyze its longitudinal association with cognitive function.Methods:Subjects aged 55 to 79 years with at least two rounds of completed population economics, lifestyle, disease history, cognitive function, dietary assessments and physical measurements in 1997-2018 and those with at least three rounds of dietary measures in 1991-2015 were selected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary survey was conducted using three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a weighing inventory at the household level. Cognitive assessment was performed using part of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status Scale. Group-based univariate trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectory of choline intake, and three-level linear mixed-effects models or three-level logistic mixed-effects models was employed to analyze the relationship between trajectory groups and cognitive function. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender and age at baseline.Results:Four trajectories of dietary choline intake were identified in the whole population, named as low-intake-stable group (61.0%), medium-intake-stable group (23.9%), medium-intake-slowly-declined group (11.2%), and high-intake-stable group (3.9%). Three trajectories were identified for each subgroup. Low-intake-stable group accounted for more than 60% in total population as well as each subgroup, especially in women and 55-59 years group. After adjusting for covariates, global cognitive scores were 0.54 (95% CI: 0.26-0.82), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.36-1.18), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.21-1.48) points higher in medium-intake-stable, medium-intake- slowly-declined and high-intake-stable groups in the whole population, respectively, compared with the low-intake-stable group. The likelihoods of cognitive decline were 18.4% ( OR=0.816,95% CI: 0.709-0.939), 17.6% ( OR=0.824, 95% CI: 0.680-0.998), 24.4% ( OR=0.756, 95% CI: 0.589-0.970) and 22.4% ( OR=0.776,95% CI: 0.623-0.968) lower in medium-intake-stable group of dietary choline in the whole population, medium-intake-stable group in males, medium-intake-slightly-increased group in females and medium-intake-slowly-increased group in 55-59 years at baseline than in low-intake-stable group, respectively. Conclusions:Dietary choline intake is generally lower in the Chinese population aged 55-79 years. Long-term lower choline intake has a negative impact on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and may increase the risk of cognitive decline. The increment in the consumption of choline-enriched foods should be recommended.

Objective:To prepare a monoclonal strain of mumps virus of genotype F，which is intended to be applied as a national standard strain，and to provide corresponding virus strain resources for the surveillance，prevention and control of mumps.Methods:The plaque purification technique was used to pick monoclonal strains on Vero/hSLAM cells. The biological characteristics and stability of the monoclonal virus strains were evaluated by observing the cytopathic effect of the monoclonal virus strains，morphological observation of virological characteristics，determination of virus titer and whole-genome sequencing，and mycoplasma detection.Results:After infection of Vero/hSLAM cells，the monoclonal strain of mumps virus constructed after plaque purification could cause cell fusion. Under the negative staining electron microscope，the virus particles were spherical，with a diameter between 100 and 200 nm，and had an obvious envelope. The virus titer of the 2 nd to 6 th generations was between 10 6 and 10 7 TCID 50/ml. Through whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis，the full length of the virus genome sequence was obtained as 15 384 bp，and it was confirmed that the monoclonal virus strain was of genotype F. The nucleotide difference rate between the 2 nd and 6 th generations was 0.013%. Conclusion:The monoclonal strain of mumps virus constructed in this experiment has typical cytopathic effects and typical morphological structures. The virus has good activity and stable genetic characteristics，and can be used as a candidate strain for application as a national standard strain. It can be used for reagent research and development，evaluation of immunization effects，and other subsequent work.

Gastric cancer is a high-incidence malignancy that poses a serious threat to public health in China, ranking among the top three cancers in both incidence and mortality. The majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in limited treatment options and poor prognosis. To address key challenges in gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment, a research team led by Professor Jiafu Ji at Peking University Cancer Hospital has focused on the project "Development and Dissemination of Precision Medicine Approaches in Gastric Cancer Management". Through a series of high-quality multicenter clinical studies, the team established a set of new international standards in perioperative treatment, individua-lized drug selection, intelligent noninvasive diagnostics, and novel immunotherapy strategies. These advances have significantly improved treatment efficacy and reduced surgical trauma, achieving key technological breakthroughs in diagnosis, therapy, and mechanistic understanding, and systematically enhancing outcomes for gastric cancer patients. The project ' s findings had a broad international impact, including hosting China ' s first International Gastric Cancer Congress. Through nationwide dissemination, they have promoted the development of precision diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer as a discipline, and led the formulation of the National Health Commission's guidelines for gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment. In recognition of its achievements, the project was awarded the First Prize of the 2024 Chinese Medical Science and Technology Award.
Stomach Neoplasms/genetics* ; Humans ; Precision Medicine/methods* ; China ; Immunotherapy/methods*

Objective:To identify the trajectories of dietary choline intake in middle-aged and older population, and to analyze its longitudinal association with cognitive function.Methods:Subjects aged 55 to 79 years with at least two rounds of completed population economics, lifestyle, disease history, cognitive function, dietary assessments and physical measurements in 1997-2018 and those with at least three rounds of dietary measures in 1991-2015 were selected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary survey was conducted using three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a weighing inventory at the household level. Cognitive assessment was performed using part of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status Scale. Group-based univariate trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectory of choline intake, and three-level linear mixed-effects models or three-level logistic mixed-effects models was employed to analyze the relationship between trajectory groups and cognitive function. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender and age at baseline.Results:Four trajectories of dietary choline intake were identified in the whole population, named as low-intake-stable group (61.0%), medium-intake-stable group (23.9%), medium-intake-slowly-declined group (11.2%), and high-intake-stable group (3.9%). Three trajectories were identified for each subgroup. Low-intake-stable group accounted for more than 60% in total population as well as each subgroup, especially in women and 55-59 years group. After adjusting for covariates, global cognitive scores were 0.54 (95% CI: 0.26-0.82), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.36-1.18), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.21-1.48) points higher in medium-intake-stable, medium-intake- slowly-declined and high-intake-stable groups in the whole population, respectively, compared with the low-intake-stable group. The likelihoods of cognitive decline were 18.4% ( OR=0.816,95% CI: 0.709-0.939), 17.6% ( OR=0.824, 95% CI: 0.680-0.998), 24.4% ( OR=0.756, 95% CI: 0.589-0.970) and 22.4% ( OR=0.776,95% CI: 0.623-0.968) lower in medium-intake-stable group of dietary choline in the whole population, medium-intake-stable group in males, medium-intake-slightly-increased group in females and medium-intake-slowly-increased group in 55-59 years at baseline than in low-intake-stable group, respectively. Conclusions:Dietary choline intake is generally lower in the Chinese population aged 55-79 years. Long-term lower choline intake has a negative impact on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and may increase the risk of cognitive decline. The increment in the consumption of choline-enriched foods should be recommended.

Objective:To prepare a monoclonal strain of mumps virus of genotype F，which is intended to be applied as a national standard strain，and to provide corresponding virus strain resources for the surveillance，prevention and control of mumps.Methods:The plaque purification technique was used to pick monoclonal strains on Vero/hSLAM cells. The biological characteristics and stability of the monoclonal virus strains were evaluated by observing the cytopathic effect of the monoclonal virus strains，morphological observation of virological characteristics，determination of virus titer and whole-genome sequencing，and mycoplasma detection.Results:After infection of Vero/hSLAM cells，the monoclonal strain of mumps virus constructed after plaque purification could cause cell fusion. Under the negative staining electron microscope，the virus particles were spherical，with a diameter between 100 and 200 nm，and had an obvious envelope. The virus titer of the 2 nd to 6 th generations was between 10 6 and 10 7 TCID 50/ml. Through whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis，the full length of the virus genome sequence was obtained as 15 384 bp，and it was confirmed that the monoclonal virus strain was of genotype F. The nucleotide difference rate between the 2 nd and 6 th generations was 0.013%. Conclusion:The monoclonal strain of mumps virus constructed in this experiment has typical cytopathic effects and typical morphological structures. The virus has good activity and stable genetic characteristics，and can be used as a candidate strain for application as a national standard strain. It can be used for reagent research and development，evaluation of immunization effects，and other subsequent work.

The TMEM family is widely distributed in the plasma membrane and organelle membrane, and has multiple biological functions. The TMEM family has different functions and mechanisms of action in different diseases. Recent research shows that TMEM family members play an important role in the pathogenesis of non tumor diseases, especially in cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous system diseases, such as atherosclerosis, Parkinson′s disease, depression, etc. This article reviews the mechanism of action of the TMEM family in non tumor diseases, which is of great significance for further revealing the disease mechanism and elucidating the biological functions of TMEM family members, and provides a new perspective for disease treatment strategies.

Objective:To study the current status of longitudinal extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in extremely preterm infants (EPIs) and to develop a prediction model based on clinical data from multiple NICUs.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, EPIs admitted to 32 NICUs in North China were retrospectively studied. Their general conditions, nutritional support, complications during hospitalization and weight changes were reviewed. Weight loss between birth and discharge > 1SD was defined as longitudinal EUGR. The EPIs were assigned into longitudinal EUGR group and non-EUGR group and their nutritional support and weight changes were compared. The EPIs were randomly assigned into the training dataset and the validation dataset with a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the training dataset to select the independent predictive factors. The best-fitting Nomogram model predicting longitudinal EUGR was established based on Akaike Information Criterion. The model was evaluated for discrimination efficacy, calibration and clinical decision curve analysis.Results:A total of 436 EPIs were included in this study, with a mean gestational age of (26.9±0.9) weeks and a birth weight of (989±171) g. The incidence of longitudinal EUGR was 82.3%(359/436). Seven variables (birth weight Z-score, weight loss, weight growth velocity, the proportion of breast milk ≥75% within 3 d before discharge, invasive mechanical ventilation ≥7 d, maternal antenatal corticosteroids use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) were selected to establish the prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training dataset and the validation dataset were 0.870 (95% CI 0.820-0.920) and 0.879 (95% CI 0.815-0.942), suggesting good discrimination efficacy. The calibration curve indicated a good fit of the model ( P>0.05). The decision curve analysis showed positive net benefits at all thresholds. Conclusions:Currently, EPIs have a high incidence of longitudinal EUGR. The prediction model is helpful for early identification and intervention for EPIs with higher risks of longitudinal EUGR. It is necessary to expand the sample size and conduct prospective studies to optimize and validate the prediction model in the future.

The transmembrane protein(TMEM)family exhibits widespread distribution across both the plasma membrane and organelle membranes,actively participating in the intricate regulation of diverse pathophysiological processes.Contemporary investigations have uncovered the pivotal involvement of the TMEM family in the human reproductive system.This family is found to play a crucial role in regulating spermatogenesis,sperm-egg fusion,en-dometrial receptivity,as well as tumor invasion and migration.These findings highlight its intricate association with the onset and progression of various diseases.A comprehensive identification of the function of TMEM family in hu-man reproductive system holds significant importance,offering profound insights into the nuanced biological func-tions of this protein family.This in-depth examination not only supports our understanding about the complex mech-anisms controlling reproductive processes but also lay a foundation for potential advancements in medical research.

Objectives:To report a novel mutation site in the pathogenic gene TTR of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis(ATTR-CA),and to identify family members at risk,and provide suitable clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of the proband with ATTR-CA who visited the Department of Cardiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in March 2021.The proband underwent whole exome sequencing using high-throughput methods to detect mutation genes.Sanger sequencing was used to test candidate pathogenic loci in suspected family members,and relevant literature was reviewed. Results:Among 51 individuals spanning 5 generations in the pedigree,10 family members(including the proband)carried the heterozygous TTR gene c.163A>G mutation,resulting in the amino acid residue at position 55 changing from lysine(Lys)to glutamic acid(Glu).This mutation follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern,with early onset in adulthood,rapid progression,and presenting as a mixed-type ATTR-CA.Five mutation carriers had different clinical manifestations,while the remaining 5 mutation carriers,who are at younger age,have not yet shown symptoms.Within the pedigree,7 individuals died(the proband's uncle[Ⅱ-1]who died from stroke at 65 years old,the rest 6 family members died from heart disease before the age of 50). Conclusions:According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines,TTR gene Lys55Glu mutation is classified as likely pathogenic,this mutation site has not been reported in the literature before.Present study adds clinical evidence that might broaden the spectrum of TTR mutations.

Objective To explore the risk factors of aspiration during hospitalization in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and establish a predictive model. Methods Based on the case-control design, clinical materials of 316 IS patients treated in the Department of Neurology of Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from March 2022 to October 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to incidence of aspiration during hospitalization, the patients were divided into case group with 89 cases (aspiration occurred during hospitalization) and control group with 227 cases (no aspiration occurred during hospitalization). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed in both groups to screen out the risk factors of aspiration during hospitalization in IS patients. R software was used to extract 70 % of the data from the two groups as the training set (establishing a Nomogram model), and the remaining 30 % data was used as test set. Value of predictive model was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve. Results There were significant differences in the terms of age, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, number of lesions, homocysteine (Hcy) level, spontaneous cough, and grading of Wada drinking water test between the case group and the control group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that large age (OR=2.201, 95 %CI, 1.254 to 3.865), high NIHSS score (OR=4.816, 95 %CI, 1.652 to 14.041), multiple lesions (OR=2.649, 95 %CI, 1.249 to 5.613), high level of Hcy (OR=1.501, 95 %CI, 1.044 to 2.158), weakened or absent spontaneous cough (OR=3.384, 95 %CI, 1.639 to 6.987), and high grading of Wada drinking water test (OR=2.878, 95 %CI, 1.422 to 5.783) were the risk factors of aspiration during hospitalization in IS patients (P < 0.05). In the training set, the AUC of the Nomogram model for predicting aspiration during hospitalization in IS patients was 0.872 (95 %CI, 0.827 to 0.919), and was 0.859 (95 %CI, 0.807 to 0.904) in the test set. The calibration curve analysis showed that P value was 0.869 in the training set and 0.898 in the test set. The decision curve analysis for both the training set and test set showed that the Nomogram model was of good clinical applicability. Conclusion The risk of aspiration during hospitalization in IS patients is related to large age, high NIHSS score, multiple lesions, high level of Hcy, weakened or absent spontaneous cough, and high grading of Wada drinking water test. The Nomogram predictive model established on these factors can effectively evaluate the risk of aspiration during hospitalization in IS patients.