ObjectiveTo assess the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine compound Shenlong decoction in addressing the symptoms of pulmonary deficiency and stasis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF）. MethodsSixty eligible patients with lung deficiency and collateral stasis syndrome of IPF were randomly assigned to the observation （30 patients） and control groups （30 patients）. All patients underwent standard Western medical therapy. Additionally，the observation group received Shenlong decoction granules，while the control group received a placebo. Both treatments were packaged in four doses of 10.5 g each，taken twice daily for three months. The indexes of the patients during the treatment cycle were observed，and the main indexes include traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores and 6 min walk test （6MWT）. The secondary indexes include pulmonary function test ［actual value/expected value of total lung volume （TLC%），actual value/expected value of vital capacity（FVC%），actual/predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide（DLCO%），actual/predicted forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV₁%），and FEV₁/ forced vital capacity （FVC）］，blood gas analysis ［arterial blood diathesis partial pressure of oxygen （PaO₂），partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PaCO₂），and arterial oxygen saturation （SaO₂）］，serum inflammatory factors ［transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁），interleukin-4 （IL-4），interleukin-13 （IL-13），interleukin-12 （IL-12），and gamma-interferon （IFN-γ）］，and quality of survival evaluation ［St George's Respiratory Questionnaire （SGRQ） score］. The patients' clinical manifestations were determined at the end of the treatment， and the occurrence of adverse events was recorded. ResultsA total of 53 patients completed the study，comprising 27 in the control group and 26 in the observation group. Upon completion of the treatment period，the control group achieved a total effective rate of 33.33% （9/27），whereas the observation group demonstrated a total effective rate of 53.85% （14/26），which was statistically superior to the control group （χ²=4.034，P<0.05）. After the treatment，the TCM syndrome scores，6MWT，DLCO%，FEV₁%，PaO₂，PaCO₂，TGF-β₁，IL-4，IL-13，IL-12，and IFN-γ in the two groups were all significantly improved （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the control group after treatment at the same period，the TCM syndrome scores，6MWT，PaO₂，and PaCO₂ were significantly improved in the observation group after 60 days and 90 days of medication （P<0.01）. Three months after the end of medication，the SGRQ score in the observation group showed significant improvement when compared to that in the control group （P<0.05），and no severe adverse events were reported during the follow-up period. ConclusionCompound Shenlong decoction can alleviate clinical symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing in patients with lung deficiency and collateral stasis syndrome of IPF，enhance exercise tolerance，improve the quality of life，and have certain potential advantages in improving pulmonary function.

ObjectiveTo assess the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine compound Shenlong decoction in addressing the symptoms of pulmonary deficiency and stasis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF）. MethodsSixty eligible patients with lung deficiency and collateral stasis syndrome of IPF were randomly assigned to the observation （30 patients） and control groups （30 patients）. All patients underwent standard Western medical therapy. Additionally，the observation group received Shenlong decoction granules，while the control group received a placebo. Both treatments were packaged in four doses of 10.5 g each，taken twice daily for three months. The indexes of the patients during the treatment cycle were observed，and the main indexes include traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores and 6 min walk test （6MWT）. The secondary indexes include pulmonary function test ［actual value/expected value of total lung volume （TLC%），actual value/expected value of vital capacity（FVC%），actual/predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide（DLCO%），actual/predicted forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV₁%），and FEV₁/ forced vital capacity （FVC）］，blood gas analysis ［arterial blood diathesis partial pressure of oxygen （PaO₂），partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PaCO₂），and arterial oxygen saturation （SaO₂）］，serum inflammatory factors ［transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁），interleukin-4 （IL-4），interleukin-13 （IL-13），interleukin-12 （IL-12），and gamma-interferon （IFN-γ）］，and quality of survival evaluation ［St George's Respiratory Questionnaire （SGRQ） score］. The patients' clinical manifestations were determined at the end of the treatment， and the occurrence of adverse events was recorded. ResultsA total of 53 patients completed the study，comprising 27 in the control group and 26 in the observation group. Upon completion of the treatment period，the control group achieved a total effective rate of 33.33% （9/27），whereas the observation group demonstrated a total effective rate of 53.85% （14/26），which was statistically superior to the control group （χ²=4.034，P<0.05）. After the treatment，the TCM syndrome scores，6MWT，DLCO%，FEV₁%，PaO₂，PaCO₂，TGF-β₁，IL-4，IL-13，IL-12，and IFN-γ in the two groups were all significantly improved （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the control group after treatment at the same period，the TCM syndrome scores，6MWT，PaO₂，and PaCO₂ were significantly improved in the observation group after 60 days and 90 days of medication （P<0.01）. Three months after the end of medication，the SGRQ score in the observation group showed significant improvement when compared to that in the control group （P<0.05），and no severe adverse events were reported during the follow-up period. ConclusionCompound Shenlong decoction can alleviate clinical symptoms such as shortness of breath and wheezing in patients with lung deficiency and collateral stasis syndrome of IPF，enhance exercise tolerance，improve the quality of life，and have certain potential advantages in improving pulmonary function.

Occupational health technical service (OHTS) is one of the core contents in the technical support system of occupational disease prevention and control, and efficient management of OHTS institutions is necessary for improving the service ability. At present, OHTS institutions in China face several issues, such as uneven distribution in terms of quantity, function, unclear area coverage and roles and overlapping responsibilities among different types of institutions, and insufficient service capabilities with inconsistent service levels in some institutions. With the implementation of the national reform like the “separating permits from business license” and “delegate power, streamline administration and optimize government services"”policies, the management mode and operational approach of OHTS institutions have been profoundly changed. In light of this, five key recommendations are proposed to improve the management of OHTS institutions and enhance their management effectiveness, ensuring the sustainable development of national OHTS services. Firstly, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between national and provincial administrative levels in managing OHTS institutions to ensure their healthy and orderly development. Secondly, multiple measurements are taken to strengthen OHTS institutional capacity building to address regional disparities in technical capabilities and service quality. Thirdly, both technical capabilities and service quality should be focused on strengthening the supervision and management of OHTS institutions, preventing the decline of key conditions such as staffing, laboratories, equipment, and quality management after obtaining qualifications. Fourthly, “dual randomized- inspections and one open” and “internet+supervision” methods are used as basic tools for managing OHTS institutions operating across multiple provincial regions and enforcing cross-regional law. Fifthly, professional integrity of radiological health service institutions should be restored to effectively apply their technical advantages in their specialized fields.

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract with high morbidity and mortality. Although existing treatments can prolong the survival of patients， problems such as low quality of life， obvious side effects， and unsatisfactory clinical efficacy still exist， which cannot fully satisfy the overall needs of patients. For this reason， it is crucial to explore the mechanism underlying the development of CRC and to identify new treatment strategies. In recent years， with the deepening of research， ferroptosis has been gradually proven to effectively inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells， overcome tumor drug resistance， enhance anti-tumor efficacy， and prevent tumor progression and recurrence. Therefore， regulating ferroptosis is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of CRC. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has been widely used in CRC treatment due to its advantages of multiple components， multiple targets， low drug resistance， and few side effects， and has gradually become a current research hotspot. Extensive studies have shown that TCM active ingredients and compound formulae can regulate ferroptosis-related pathways， such as iron metabolism， lipid metabolism， the cystine/glutamate antiporter system X_c^- （System X_c^-）/glutathione （GSH）/glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 （FSP1）/coenzyme Q₁₀ （CoQ₁₀）/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ［NAD（P）H］， tumor protein 53 （p53）， nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， and non-coding RNA pathways to inhibit the growth and proliferation of CRC， thereby exerting anti-tumor effects. This review systematically summarized the mechanisms of ferroptosis related to CRC， therapeutic targets and prognosis-related markers associated with ferroptosis in CRC， and research progress on TCM targeting and regulating ferroptosis for CRC intervention， aiming to provide new perspectives and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CRC with TCM.

Colorectal cancer （CRC） is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract with high morbidity and mortality. Although existing treatments can prolong the survival of patients， problems such as low quality of life， obvious side effects， and unsatisfactory clinical efficacy still exist， which cannot fully satisfy the overall needs of patients. For this reason， it is crucial to explore the mechanism underlying the development of CRC and to identify new treatment strategies. In recent years， with the deepening of research， ferroptosis has been gradually proven to effectively inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells， overcome tumor drug resistance， enhance anti-tumor efficacy， and prevent tumor progression and recurrence. Therefore， regulating ferroptosis is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of CRC. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has been widely used in CRC treatment due to its advantages of multiple components， multiple targets， low drug resistance， and few side effects， and has gradually become a current research hotspot. Extensive studies have shown that TCM active ingredients and compound formulae can regulate ferroptosis-related pathways， such as iron metabolism， lipid metabolism， the cystine/glutamate antiporter system X_c^- （System X_c^-）/glutathione （GSH）/glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 （FSP1）/coenzyme Q₁₀ （CoQ₁₀）/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ［NAD（P）H］， tumor protein 53 （p53）， nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， and non-coding RNA pathways to inhibit the growth and proliferation of CRC， thereby exerting anti-tumor effects. This review systematically summarized the mechanisms of ferroptosis related to CRC， therapeutic targets and prognosis-related markers associated with ferroptosis in CRC， and research progress on TCM targeting and regulating ferroptosis for CRC intervention， aiming to provide new perspectives and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CRC with TCM.

ObjectiveTo understand the seropositivity of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and low-level NAb against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community residents, and to explore the impact of COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection on the levels of NAb in human serum. MethodsOn the ground of surveillance cohort for acute infectious diseases in community populations in Shanghai, a proportional stratified sampling method was used to enroll the subjects at a 20% proportion for each age group (0‒14, 15‒24, 25‒59, and ≥60 years old). Blood samples collection and serum SARS-CoV-2 NAb concentration testing were conducted from March to April 2023. Low-level NAb were defined as below the 25^th percentile of NAb. ResultsA total of 2 230 participants were included, the positive rate of NAb was 97.58%, and the proportion of low-level NAb was 25.02% (558/2 230). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age, infection history and vaccination status were correlated with low-level NAb (all P<0.05). Individuals aged 60 years and above had the highest risk of low-level NAb. There was a statistically significant interaction between booster vaccination and one single infection (aOR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.19‒0.77). Compared to individuals without vaccination, among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 once, both primary immunization (aOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.16‒0.35) and booster immunization (aOR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.08‒0.17) significantly reduced the risk of low-level NAb; among individuals without infections, only booster immunization (aOR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.14‒0.52) showed a negative correlation with the risk of low-level NAb. ConclusionsThe population aged 60 and above had the highest risk of low-level NAb. Regardless of infection history, a booster immunization could reduce the risk of low-level NAb. It is recommended that eligible individuals , especially the elderly, should get vaccinated in a timely manner to exert the protective role of NAb.

Immuno-actinopathies are hereditary diseases characterized by immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation due to the mutations in single genes which are regulating actin remodeling. Mutations in actin-related regulatory genes can lead to functional defects in actin activation, extension, branching, transcription and others. The mutations also affect the cytoskeleton and pseudopod formation; then they further affect the functions of immune cell, resulting in cell deformation, motility, phagocytosis, and adhesion. The clinical manifestations vary, including infection, autoimmunity, autoinflammatory, and susceptibility to tumors, making the detection and diagnosis difficult. The pathogenic mechanisms of some of the related diseases have been preliminarily elucidated. Future research will focus on the identification of new immunoactinopathy-caused genes and its mechanism, discovery of new precision therapeutic target, development of drugs, improvement of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation strategies, and discovery of new gene therapy. Immuno-actinopathies have a low incidence rate with diversified clinical manifestations so that they are easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. This article reviews the pathogenic gene defects of actinopathies and their clinical manifestations in detail that are valuable to clinical reference.

JAK-STAT signaling pathway is an important cytokine signaling transduction pathway. Many monogenic loss-of-function or gain-of-function mutations in this pathway can cause inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Autoimmune diseases are caused by polygenic and different factors.The etiology of the disease is complex and diverse. The over-activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we summarize the mechanism of the JAK-STAT pathway and its role in the occurrence and development of IEI and autoimmune diseases, suggesting that the hyperactivation of JAK-STAT pathway having connection with IEI and autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, we hope to make IEI a good model to study the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and to provide new ideas and directions for the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases.

As a new strategy for the application of sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) in patients with CKD, much evidence showed that it improved the prognosis of patients with CKD. This review summarizes the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in physiology, pathology, pharmacology and clinical application by searching Wanfang, CNKI, PubMed and other databases for related articles on the application of sacubitril/valsartan in CKD patients. Although LBQ657, the active product of sacubitril, has a high drug accumulation in patients with moderate, severe renal injury, and ESRD, it is not cleared in hemodialysis, and has very little eliminated in peritoneal dialysis, which does not affect its safety. Compared with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker drugs, LCZ696 could increase the blood pressure control rate, improve cardiac function, slow down the decline of glomerular filtration rate, and significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes without more adverse events. Sacubitril/valsartan can be used in all levels of CKD patients complicated with hypertension and/or heart failure, with reliable safety and tolerance.

Background The high-quality development of manufacturing in China has spurred industrial transformation and upgrading, placing higher demands on the skills of employees in the electronic manufacturing industry. This situation may induce psychological health problems such as job burnout and depressive symptoms in the employees, and also lead to insomnia, which has become a public health problem that urgently needs attention and solution. Objective To investigate the relationship between job burnout, depressive symptoms, and insomnia among employees in the electronic manufacturing industry. Methods A total of 3034 employees from four electronic manufacturing companies in Beijing City, Shanghai City, and Guangdong Province were selected using judgment sampling from September to November 2019. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Self-Administered Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect data. The correlation between job burnout, depressive symptoms, and insomnia was evaluated by hierarchical regression. Results A total of 3034 survey questionnaires were distributed, and 2614 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response effectiveness rate of 86.2%. The reporting rates of job burnout, depressive symptoms, and insomnia among employees in the electronic manufacturing industry were 47.2%, 19.5%, and 29.1%, respectively. The reporting rates of insomnia of employees in the job burnout group and depressive symptoms group were higher than those in the non-job burnout group and non-depressive symptoms group (35.3% vs. 23.6%, 47.2% vs. 24.7%, P＜0.001). The results of hierarchical regression showed that job burnout explained 2.8% of the variation of insomnia (P<0.001), and the inclusion of depressive symptoms explained 1.2% of the variation of insomnia (P<0.001). Conclusion Job burnout and depressive symptoms could both affect insomnia of employees in the electronic manufacturing industry.