Chronic eczema is clinically characterized by pruritus and skin lesions such as macules,exudation,desquamation,and lichenification.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)typically attributes its pathogenesis to wind,dampness,and heat pathogens,and TCM treatment for chronic eczema focused on dispelling wind,eliminating dampness,and clearing heat.However,there were fewer reports about the treatment of accompanying emotional changes and sleep disturbances in chronic eczema patients.This paper integrated the physique-qi-spirit trinity life view with zang-fu organ differentiation,and proposed that the disorder of spleen transportation and transformation contributed to the pathological foundation of chronic eczema,while the dysfunction of heart and liver was the factor that significantly influenced disease progression after analyzing the clinical features of chronic eczema.For the treatment of chronic eczema,the establishment of strategies should consider clinical characteristics,duration of disease,and skin lesion patterns.The combination of physique-qi-spirit regulation with heart-liver-spleen treatment approaches aims to alleviate clinical symptoms,improve quality of life,and enhance therapeutic efficacy for chronic eczema patients.

Objective:To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) recipients, and to study the efficacy and safety of Hp eradication therapy.Methods:13C-urea breath test was carried out between July 2018 and October 2019. There were 104 males and 26 females with an average age of 52.1 year for these LT recipients who were regularly followed-up in the Organ Transplant Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Propensity scoring was used to match age and gender in a ratio of 1∶3. A healthy group of individuals consisting of 299 males and 91 females, with an average age of 51.8 years, were selected as the control group also in a ratio of 1∶3. All patients underwent 13C-urea breath test to evaluate Hp infection and results of quadruple therapy. Results:The prevalence of Hp infection among the LT recipients was 18.5%(24/130) which was significantly lower than the control group 36.4% (142/390) (χ 2=14.400, P<0.001). Among the recipients who received LT and 13C-urea breath test for less than 1 year, 1-3 years and more than 3 years, the prevalences of Hp infection were 14.3% (6/42), 17.8%(8/45) and 23.3%(10/43), respectively. Although the prevalence of Hp showed a gradually increasing trend, no correlation between Hp infection and duration from LT was observed (χ 2=1.321, P=0.517). Seventeen Hp positive recipients underwent Hp eradication therapy. The success rate of Hp eradication was 100.0%(17/17). Immunosuppressant concentration was monitored regularly in 10 patients. During Hp eradication, the blood concentration of immunosuppressant increased from 1.7 to 3.6 times, and the drug dosage was reduced to one half to one third of what it was before Hp eradication. Seven of these 17 recipients suffered from adverse effects caused by increased levels of blood concentration of immunosuppressants, including headache, hypertension, insomnia and irritability. Normal liver and kidney functions were observed during eradication. Conclusion:In this study, the prevalence of Hp infection among liver transplant recipients was 18.5%. The success rate of Hp eradication was 100% using bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. The dosage of immunosuppressant required to be monitored, and if necessary, adjusted during eradication to reduce adverse side effects.

Objective To detect the lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with early syphilis ,so as to know their immunity con‐dition and guide clinical treatment .Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect CD3+ ,CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopula‐tions in peripheral blood from 59 volunteers ,including 20 normal individuals (Cont group) ,10 patients with primary syphilis (PS group) ,15 patients with secondary syphilis (SS group) and 14 patients with early latent syphilis (ELS group) .Results CD3+ , CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations in each syphilis groups were higher than Cont group .SS group had the highest CD3+level ,second was PS group ,and third was ELS group .There was significant difference among three groups (P<0 .05) .The CD3+level of SS group was significantly higher than that of Cont group (P<0 .05) .ELS group had the highest CD4+ level ,second was SS group ,third was PS group .The difference of CD4+ level was significant among three groups (P<0 .05) .PS group had the high‐est CD8+ level ,second was SS group ,third was ELS group .However ,the difference of CD8+ level among three groups was not sig‐nificant (P>0 .05) .There was no significant difference of CD4+ /CD8+ among three groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Cytoimmunity in early syphilis enhances ,which could be benefit to eliminate Treponema Pallidum .

BACKGROUND: Astrocytes play active roles in neuronal activity through reciprocal communication with neurons.OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of pyramidal cells and astrocytes in rat hippocampal CA3 area and to reconstruct their three-dimensional relationship.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment based on rats.SETTING: Neurosurgery department in a university and neuroscience institute in a military medial university of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Neurosurgery Department of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and the Neuroscience Institute of Fourth Military Medial University of Chinese PLA from October 2001 to June 2003. Thirty-day-old male SD rats were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Fourth Military Medial University of Chinese PLA.METHODS: The techniques used in this study were brain slice patch-clamping whole-cell recording, lucifer yellow (LY) staining, immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The discharge features of neurons and the spatial distribution of astrocytes.RESULTS: The hippocampal neurons were classified into 2 types according to their discharge patterns: phasic and non-phasic neurons. The observation under both LSCM and three-dimensional reconstruction revealed that a large number of astrocytes aggregated around LY-dyed pyramidal cells and there were tight contacts between them. The contacts between astrocytes and the two types of neurons differed in that they were found both on dendrites and cell body of non-phasic neurons but on dendrites of phasic neurons.CONCLUSION: The spatial distributions of astrocytes around different types of hippocampal pyramids may be different.

BACKGROUND: It is considered traditionally that epilepsy is a kind of complicated nervous conduct disorder caused by abnormally excited neuron in different area in brain. While the research on the function of astrocyte in epileptic attack is very rare.OBJECTIVE: To study the reaction of neuron and astrocyte in medullary visceral zone after epilepsy induced by pentetrazole in rats.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental research.SETTING and MATERIALS: The experiment was done in the Neurosurgery Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University and Neuroscience Institute of Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Fourteen healthy adult SD rats, weighing 180 - 220 g, clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.INTERVENTIONS: Distribution of neuron and astrocyte in MVZ 1 hour after epileptic attack was shown by laserconfocal microscopic technique combined with triplication immunofluorescence histochemistry of anti-Fos protein, anti-tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Observation of distribution of positive cells of Fos, GFAP and TH in MVZ and relationship between GFAP positive astrocyte and neuron.RESULTS: Fos positive neurons and GFAP positive astrocytes in MVZ increased significantly. Triplication immunofluorescence histochemistry showed reaction neuron(Fos positive) closely related with reaction astrocyte(GFAP positive) . Three kinds of N-ASC compounds with different labels were found, which were TH +/Fos +/GFAP + three labeled compound, TH + /GFAP +/Fos- and Fos+/GFAP +/TH- two labeled compound.CONCLUSION: Neuron and astrocyte in MVZ reacted strongly when epilepsy attacks. N-ASC as a functional unit may regulate onset of epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Lipopolysaccharide(LPS), as a polyclonal immune exciter, can simulate immune excitation status, which is useful in the observation of whether the catecholaminergic neurons in paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus(PVN) projected from medullary visceral zone(MVZ) react towards LPS stimulation that is to provide a theoretical gist for the researches on the protection of brain function.OBJECTIVE: To observe whether PVN catecholaminergic neurons projected from MVZ react towards LPS stimulation for the exploration of the impacts of MVZ-PVN catecholaminergic access in "immune-to-brain communication".DESIGN: A randomized controlled study using experimental animals as subjects.SETTING: An Institute of Neurosurgery and Neurology of one Military University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery of Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University and the Institute of Neurology of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January to December in 2002. Ten healthy adult SD rats in cleanness grade were obtained from the experimental animal center of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.METHODS: WGA-HRP was injected into PVN of one side of the rat, and the immune exciter LPS was injected into the abdominal cavity after 48 hours of survival to induce immune response. Samples were stained by triple labels of WGA-HRP method and double immunohistochemical staining of anti-Fos and anti-TH antibodies.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the distributions and expressions of WGA-HRP labeled cells, Fos protein, and catecholaminergic neuron(labeled by TH) in MVZ.RESULTS: Seven immune-reactive(IR) positive neurons were found in MVZ, i. e., HRP, Fos or TH single labeled cells, Fos/HRP, Fos/TH or HRP/TH double labeled cells, and Fos/HRP/TH triple labeled cells. Fos/HRP double labeled neurons and Fos/HRP/TH triple labeled neurons accounted for 12. 5% and 39.6% of HRP labeled cells respectively.CONCLUSION: MVZ reacts to LPS immune stimulation, which could upload the immune message to PVN through Catecholaminergic neurons.MVZ might be a relay station in "immune-to-brain communication", which exerts immune modulatory impact through "MVZ→PVN" access.