Objective To construct YOLOv10 based artificial intelligence(AI)models for the automatic detection in small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE)images.Methods SBCE data from two centers was collected,including 23 115 images and 35 412 annotated labels covering 11 categories of small bowel lesions.The images were annotated using the LabelMe tool and converted into the YOLO format required for deep learning model development.The pre-trained YOLOv10 and YOLOv8 models were used for transfer learning training on the constructed dataset.Model performance was comprehensively evaluated using metrics such as precision,accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,false-positive rate,and detection speed.Finally,the models were deployed on local computers for real-time detection of SBCE images and videos.Results Six different versions of YOLO object detection models were developed,namely YOLOv8n,YOLOv8s,YOLOv8m,YOLOv10n,YOLOv10s,and YOLOv10m.On the validation set,YOLOv10s model achieved the best mAP50(0.795);although its inference latency was not the fastest(4.803 ms/img),it met the requirements for clinical application.On the test set,YOLOv10s performed well,with an accuracy of 92.69%,a sensitivity of 89.23%,and a false-positive rate of 4.78%.Especially,in category-specific inference,the highest sensitivity was for"bleeding"at 96.41%,while the lowest was for"narrowing"at 82.29%.Conclusion The model constructed based on YOLOv10 neural network can rapidly and accurately detect and classify various small bowel lesions,exhibiting significant clinical application potential.

Objective To construct YOLOv10 based artificial intelligence(AI)models for the automatic detection in small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE)images.Methods SBCE data from two centers was collected,including 23 115 images and 35 412 annotated labels covering 11 categories of small bowel lesions.The images were annotated using the LabelMe tool and converted into the YOLO format required for deep learning model development.The pre-trained YOLOv10 and YOLOv8 models were used for transfer learning training on the constructed dataset.Model performance was comprehensively evaluated using metrics such as precision,accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,false-positive rate,and detection speed.Finally,the models were deployed on local computers for real-time detection of SBCE images and videos.Results Six different versions of YOLO object detection models were developed,namely YOLOv8n,YOLOv8s,YOLOv8m,YOLOv10n,YOLOv10s,and YOLOv10m.On the validation set,YOLOv10s model achieved the best mAP50(0.795);although its inference latency was not the fastest(4.803 ms/img),it met the requirements for clinical application.On the test set,YOLOv10s performed well,with an accuracy of 92.69%,a sensitivity of 89.23%,and a false-positive rate of 4.78%.Especially,in category-specific inference,the highest sensitivity was for"bleeding"at 96.41%,while the lowest was for"narrowing"at 82.29%.Conclusion The model constructed based on YOLOv10 neural network can rapidly and accurately detect and classify various small bowel lesions,exhibiting significant clinical application potential.

Objective:To investigate the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of patients with Fabry disease caused by a GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A.Methods:It was a prospective study. Fabry disease screening was conducted among high-risk population in Ninghai from October 2021 to August 2023. Those children with decreased α-galactosidase enzyme activity<2.40 μmol/(L·h) or elavated Lyso-GL-3 level>1.10 μg/L in dried blood spot (DBS) method underwent GLA genetic testing for diagnosis confirmation. Meanwhile, family screening was carried out. A proband and his family members diagnosed with Fabry disease were research subjects. The clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with Fabry disease caused by the GLA variant (IVS4+919G>A) were analyzed.Results:The female proband aged 9.8 years with pain in both lower limbs as the initial symptom was found to have a heterozygous GLA variant IVS4+919G>A among 102 patients. In family screening, there were 4 family members (proband's father, elder sister, elder male cousin and elder female cousin) with Fabry disease and a family member (proband's fifth aunt) with a GLA variant. Among these 4 diagnosed family members, the elder male cousin of the proband, a boy aged 13.2 years had a heterozygous GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A with intermittent pain in both lower limbs as the initial symptom. The proband′s father had knee joint pain. The proband′s elder sister had decreased vision and his elder female cousin had no obvious symptoms. The proband′s fifth aunt with a GLA variant had decreased vision.Conclusions:High-risk screening in children and family screening are helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of Fabry disease. Neuropathic pain may be a early symptom in children with Fabry disease caused by the GLA variant, IVS4+919G>A.

Objective To investigate the effect of ursolic acid on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in nerve cells PC12 and its related mechanisms.Methods Nerve cells PC12 were treated with H2O2 to establish a cell injury model,and then treated with various concentrations of ursolic acid(2.5,5,10,and 20 μmol/L).MTT experiment was used to detect cell viability.PC12 cells were divided into control group(Con),hydrogen peroxide group(H2O2),hydrogen peroxide+ursolic acid group(H2O2+ursolic acid).Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis;Western blot was used to detect the expression of Cleaved cas3,Bax,Bcl-2,NF-κB,iNOS,NO,mTOR pathway proteins;DCFH-DA method was used to detect the relative level of ROS,while ELISA was used to detect oxidative stress and inflammatory response indicators.Results Compared with the Con group,the cell viability of the H2O2 group was significantly reduced;compared with the H2O2 group,the cell viability of the H2O2+2.5,5,10,20 μmol/L ursolic acid groups increased.Compared with the Con group,the apoptosis rate,LDH content,relative level of ROS,TNF-α,IL-1β in H2O2 group were significantly increased,CAT activity and SOD activity were significantly decreased,Cleaved cas3,Bax,NF-κB,iNOS,NO,P-mTOR,p-p70S6K protein expression increased,Bcl-2 protein expression decreased.Compared with the H2O2 group,the apoptosis rate,LDH content,relative level of ROS,TNF-α,IL-1β in the H2O2+ursolic acid groups were significantly decreased,CAT activity and SOD activity were significantly increased,Cleaved cas3,Bax,NF-κB,the expression of iNOS,NO,p-mTOR,and p-p70S6K protein decreased,and the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased.Conclusion Ursolic acid may reduce the apoptosis,inflammation and oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in neuronal PC12 cells by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of ursolic acid on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in nerve cells PC12 and its related mechanisms.Methods Nerve cells PC12 were treated with H2O2 to establish a cell injury model,and then treated with various concentrations of ursolic acid(2.5,5,10,and 20 μmol/L).MTT experiment was used to detect cell viability.PC12 cells were divided into control group(Con),hydrogen peroxide group(H2O2),hydrogen peroxide+ursolic acid group(H2O2+ursolic acid).Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis;Western blot was used to detect the expression of Cleaved cas3,Bax,Bcl-2,NF-κB,iNOS,NO,mTOR pathway proteins;DCFH-DA method was used to detect the relative level of ROS,while ELISA was used to detect oxidative stress and inflammatory response indicators.Results Compared with the Con group,the cell viability of the H2O2 group was significantly reduced;compared with the H2O2 group,the cell viability of the H2O2+2.5,5,10,20 μmol/L ursolic acid groups increased.Compared with the Con group,the apoptosis rate,LDH content,relative level of ROS,TNF-α,IL-1β in H2O2 group were significantly increased,CAT activity and SOD activity were significantly decreased,Cleaved cas3,Bax,NF-κB,iNOS,NO,P-mTOR,p-p70S6K protein expression increased,Bcl-2 protein expression decreased.Compared with the H2O2 group,the apoptosis rate,LDH content,relative level of ROS,TNF-α,IL-1β in the H2O2+ursolic acid groups were significantly decreased,CAT activity and SOD activity were significantly increased,Cleaved cas3,Bax,NF-κB,the expression of iNOS,NO,p-mTOR,and p-p70S6K protein decreased,and the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased.Conclusion Ursolic acid may reduce the apoptosis,inflammation and oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in neuronal PC12 cells by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the impacts of resistance training(RT)and aerobic training(AT)for 24 months on the risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with pre-diabetes.Methods:Two hundred forty-eight pre-diabetic patients were enrolled in this multi-center randomized controlled trial. All patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: RT( n=82), AT( n=83), and control( n=83)groups. The participants in RT and AT groups undertook moderate RT or AT 3 times a week(150 minutes/week)under supervision in 3 research centers for 24 months. Elastic bands were used in each session of RT, with intensity of 60% 1RM(maximum weight that muscle can lift at once). Patients in AT group performed aerobic dance at 60%-70% of maximum heart rate. Assessments for each subject were made at baseline and by the end of 6, 12 and 24 months. Primary outcomes were changes in the risk of type 2 diabetes. Secondary outcomes included changes in blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Results:There were 217, 206, and 173 subjects who completed the follow-up of 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The mean ages of RT, AT, and control groups at baseline were(59.91±5.92), (60.93±5.71), and(60.73±5.83)years. Compared to control group, both RT and AT groups revealed a significant reduction in HbA 1C( P<0.05), and a significant increase in homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function index(HOMA2-β, P<0.01)by the end of 12 and 24 months. Adjusted for age, gender, statin use, lipid profile, blood pressure, and body mass index, COX regression analysis showed that RT and AT reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by 55.6%( P=0.012)and 59.8%( P=0.010). Conclusions:This study demonstrates that 24-month moderate RT and AT have comparable effects on reducing insulin resistance, improving β-cell function, blood glucose and lipid, and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To investigate the effect of a 2-year resistance and aerobic training on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with prediabetes.Methods:A total of 248 patients with prediabetes were enrolled from Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from January to April 2014, and Danyang People′s Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from May to December 2014.Based on random number table method, the patients were divided into 3 groups: the resistance training group (RT group, 82 cases), the aerobic training group (AT group, 83 cases) and control group (83 cases). Participants in the RT group and the AT group underwent a total of 24 months of exercise training. Changes in indicators (blood glucose,blood lipid, etc.) at baseline and the end of 12 and 24 months among the groups were compared.Results:After intervention, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood pressure and homeostasis model 2 insulin resistance index (HOMA2-IR) in the RT and AT groups tended to decrease, and the steady state model 2 β cell function index (HOMA2-β) tended to increase. At the end of 24 months, HbA1c [5.80 (5.43, 6.20) %, 5.70 (5.50, 6.00)% vs. 6.20 (5.70, 6.60) %, all P≤ 0.01], LDL-C [3.07 (2.69, 3.58) mmol/L, 2.97 (2.62, 3.95) mmol/L vs. 3.21(2.54, 3.78) mmol/L, all P<0.05] and HOMA2-IR [0.96 (0.82, 1.47), 1.20 (0.99, 1.43) vs. 1.34 (1.09, 1.51), all P<0.05] were significantly decreased in the RT and AT groups than in the control group. In addition, HOMA2-β [84.50 (60.55, 107.33), 93.00 (78.60, 119.75) vs. 53.40 (37.70, 80.40), all P = 0.001] was significantly increased in the AT and RT groups compared with that in the control group. There were no significant differences in triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) levels between the training groups and the control group (all P>0.05). After adjusting for age, sex and blood pressure, the cardiovascular risk of prediabetes was significantly reduced in RT ( P =0.017) and AT groups ( P =0.018). The Cox regression analyses showed that both the resistance training (HR=0.419, 95 %CI =0.415-0.942, P=0.037) and the aerobic training ( HR=0.310, 95 %CI=0.447-0.866, P=0.026) were protective factors for cardiovascular disease in prediabetic patients after adjustment of age, sex, statins, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, which reduced the risks of cardiovascular disease in prediabetic patients by 58.1% and 69.0%, respectively. Conclusions:Two years of aerobic and resistance training interventions have obvious advantages on glycemic and insulin resistance control in prediabetes patients. The resistance training can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and it is, thus, recommended for prediabetic patients without obvious exercise contraindications.

Objective To investigate the present situation of facial melanin of construction workers in Beijing area,to discuss the relative affecting factors,and to provide theoretical basis for theoretical research on photoaging and occupational protection for construction workers.Methods A total of 157 healthy male construction workers and 61 non-construction workers in Beijing were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on their exposure to dust,sunlight,noise and high temperature in their working environment.The occurrence of melanin in their face skin was measured by melanin index (melanin index,MI) probe.T test,Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis on two independent samples.Results The exposure of construction workers to dust,sunlight,noise and high temperature was significantly higher than that of non-construction workers (P ＜0.05);the melanin score of construction workers over 40 years old was significantly higher than that of non-construction workers (P ＜0.05) and positively correlated with age (P＜0.05);the melanin of construction workers was affected by age,sunlight and noise (P＜0.05).Conclusions The melanin level of the construction workers aged over 40 is significantly higher than that of the non-construction workers in Beijing.Age,sunlight and noise are the main factors affecting the melanin level.

Objective To investigate the value of CT and MRI in the differential diagnosis of various subtypes malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary,to improve the understanding of imaging manifestations of ovarian cancer.Methods Fifty four cases with malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary confirmed by clinical operation and pathology were included in this study and preoperative imaging examinations were analyzed retrospectively.Results Thirty four cases were diagnosed as ovary cystadenoma,including 26 cases of serous cystadenoma (48%),8 cases of mucous cystadenoma (14%),10 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma (19%)and 10 cases of clear-cell carcinoma (19%).All the tumors appeared as unilocular or multilocular cystic-solid masses,however some differences existed among tumors in calcification in masses,size of solid nodules,locular appearance,with or without associated massive ascites, and adjacent structures involvement .Calcification occurred in 5 cases of cystadenocarcinoma,and no calcification was found in endometrioid adenocarcinoma or clear-cell carcinoma.The proportion of solid component in clear-cell carcinoma was lower,usually presenting as intralumimal nodular protuberance.Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was often associated with endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma and was the most prone to peripheral invasion and adhesion.Conclusion The different subtypes of ovary malignant epithelium-derived tumor have different characteristics of multilocular,the size of cyst wall nodule or solid nodule and the calcification.Compare and analysis of these characteristics help us to make a more accurate preoperative diagnosis.

Objective In order to understand the current management status on education/ training and needs for training among new employees working at the provincial CDC in China during 2012-2014,so as to provide basis for setting up related programs at the CDC levels.Methods Based on data gathered through questionnaire surveys run by CDCs from 32 provincial and 5 specifically-designated cities,microsoft excel was used to analyze the current status on management of education and training,for new employees.Results There were 156 management staff members working on education and training programs in 36 CDCs,with 70％ of them having received intermediate or higher levels of education.Large differences were seen on equipment of training hardware in different regions.There were 1 214 teaching staff with 66 percent in the fields or related professional areas on public health,in 2014.5084 new employees conducted pre/post training programs,from 2012 to 2014 with funding as 750 thousand RMB Yuan.99.5％ of the new employees expressed the needs for further training while.74％ of the new staff members expecting a 2-5 day training program to be implemented.79％ of the new staff members claimed that practice as the most appropriate method for training.Conclusions Institutional programs set for education and training at the CDCs need to be clarified,with management team organized.It is important to provide more financial support on both hardware,software and human resources related to training programs which are set for new stuff members at all levels of CDCs.