Objective To establish the characteristic atlas of Shexiang Jiegu Capsule and determine the contents of seven active components （hydroxysafflor Yellow A, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, naringin, ligustilide, catechin, epicatechin）. Methods Octadecyl silane bonded silica gel was used as the filling agent, the mobile phase was composed of methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid by gradient elution, the detection wavelength was 245 nm, flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, column temperature was 30℃. The similarity of the fifteen batches of sample was evaluated in line with the TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）, and the contents of seven active components were determined. Results The HPLC fingerprint of Shexiang Jiegu Capsules was established. The similarity of fingerprint between fifteen batches of samples and control fingerprint was between 0.893 and 0.992. The results of methodological investigation for the determination of seven active components in fifteen batches of samples all met the requirements. Conclusion The established characteristic atlas of Shexiang Jiegu Capsules had high specificity and good repeatability, which could provide scientific basis for quality control of Shexiang Jiegu Capsules.

Objective:To investigate the current status of subjective well-being among stroke patients, and to explore the pathways and effects of influencing factors using structural equation model, so as to provide reference for improving subjective well-being among stroke patients.Methods:From July to November 2024, the stroke patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Hefei First People′s Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general demographic questionnaire, General Well-Being Scale, Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Stroke Symptom Cluster Scale, and FRAIL Scale, and AMOS 26.0 was used to analyse the pathways and effects of influencing factors of subjective well-being.Results:A total of 435 questionnaires were collected, 410 were valid.Among 410 cases, 266 case were males, 144 were females, with an age of (65.96 ± 12.15) years. The subjective well-being scores of stroke patients were (72.58 ± 11.66) points. Cognitive reserve and social support were positively correlated with subjective well-being ( r = 0.517, 0.554, both P<0.01), while symptom burden and frailty were negatively correlated with subjective well-being ( r = -0.687, -0.670, both P<0.01). Path analysis showed that symptom burden, frailty, cognitive reserve, and social support had a direct impact on subjective well-being (path coefficients were -0.500, -0.266, 0.148, and 0.144, respectively, all P<0.05), while cognitive reserve, social support, and symptom burden had an indirect impact on subjective well-being (path coefficients were 0.287, 0.249, and 0.108, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The subjective well-being of stroke patients is influenced by multiple factors, with symptom burden being an important factor affecting subjective well-being. Intervention strategies such as improving cognitive reserve, strengthening social support systems, and preventing frailty can improve the subjective well-being of patients.

To review the clinical characteristics, short-term outcomes, and risk factors of patients with infective endocarditis(IE) who underwent surgical treatment at a single center, and to summarize treatment experience.

Objective:To investigate the current status of subjective well-being among stroke patients, and to explore the pathways and effects of influencing factors using structural equation model, so as to provide reference for improving subjective well-being among stroke patients.Methods:From July to November 2024, the stroke patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Hefei First People′s Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general demographic questionnaire, General Well-Being Scale, Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Stroke Symptom Cluster Scale, and FRAIL Scale, and AMOS 26.0 was used to analyse the pathways and effects of influencing factors of subjective well-being.Results:A total of 435 questionnaires were collected, 410 were valid.Among 410 cases, 266 case were males, 144 were females, with an age of (65.96 ± 12.15) years. The subjective well-being scores of stroke patients were (72.58 ± 11.66) points. Cognitive reserve and social support were positively correlated with subjective well-being ( r = 0.517, 0.554, both P<0.01), while symptom burden and frailty were negatively correlated with subjective well-being ( r = -0.687, -0.670, both P<0.01). Path analysis showed that symptom burden, frailty, cognitive reserve, and social support had a direct impact on subjective well-being (path coefficients were -0.500, -0.266, 0.148, and 0.144, respectively, all P<0.05), while cognitive reserve, social support, and symptom burden had an indirect impact on subjective well-being (path coefficients were 0.287, 0.249, and 0.108, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The subjective well-being of stroke patients is influenced by multiple factors, with symptom burden being an important factor affecting subjective well-being. Intervention strategies such as improving cognitive reserve, strengthening social support systems, and preventing frailty can improve the subjective well-being of patients.

Objective To analyze the risks and related influencing factors of early screening for lung cancer,and to study prognostic factors based on survival conditions,in order to ultimately provide baseline data for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 40 to 75 year old registered residence residents in 10 districts and 6 counties of Zhengzhou City in 2020 as screening objects.Through voluntary participation and filling in evaluation questionnaires,high-risk groups of lung cancer were evalu-ated,and then three screening tests(tumor markers,low-dose spiral CT and lung function)were performed on high-risk groups.Finally,we will adopt an active and passive follow-up approach to collect information on diag-nosed lung cancer patients.Statistically describe the screening data and describe the epidemiological results of different characteristic populations;Using multivariate logistic regression method for statistical analysis,compare the differences in various results of different factors.Results 50128 cases of early screening for lung cancer in Zhengzhou City were evaluated in 2020,with a completion rate of 100.26%.The average age of the survey was(59.86±17.67)years old,and the gender ratio was 0.81∶1.The high-risk detection rate is 30.15%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males(smoking)(OR=5.43,95%CI:5.20～5.67),individuals with a history of tobacco exposure(OR=3.82,95%CI:3.67～3.98),first-degree relatives who had previously suffered from lung cancer(OR=12.06,95%CI:11.02～13.20),and other populations were more susceptible to lung cancer(all P<0.05).Conclusion Male(smoking),exposure to secondhand smoke,cancer in first-degree relatives,previous diagnosis of other tumors,symptoms of lung infection,"chest tightness,shortness of breath,and difficulty breathing in daily life",and"significant psychological trauma in the past 3 years"are independent risk factors for lung cancer,which should be given special attention and effective intervention measures should be taken.

Objective To analyze the fairness of human resource allocation in professional public health agency (PHA) in Guangdong Province in 2022. Methods Health technical staff, other technical staff, and management staff from PHAs in Guangdong Province, such as disease prevention and control centers, specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions, maternal and child health institutions, health education centers, emergency centers/stations, blood collection and supply institutions, health supervision agencies, and family planning service centers under health departments, were selected as the study subjects. Data on human resource allocation in PHAs were collected, and the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were used to analyze the fairness of personnel allocation based on three dimensions: year-end resident population, geographical area, and regional gross domestic product. Results The number of PHA personnel per 10 000 population in four regions of the Pearl River Delta, eastern, western and mountain area in Guangdong Province was (7.49±3.74), (4.74±0.87), (8.73±1.67) and (10.33±1.80), respectively. There was no correlation between the per capita regional gross dumestic product of each prefecture level city and the number of PHA personnel (Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient=0.43, P>0.05). PHA resource allocation based on year-end resident population was more equitable than allocations based on geographical area or regional gross dumestic product, as indicated by the Lorenz curve being closest to the 45° standard line and the lowest Gini coefficient. The fairness of personnel allocation from high to low was ranked as follows: practicing (assistant) physicians, health technicians, registered nurses, managers personnel, and other technical personnel, with Theil indices of 0.035 0, 0.036 4, 0.044 6, 0.048 4, and 0.053 5, respectively. The differences in configuration fairness were derived from within group differences, with contribution rates of 76.0%, 73.9%, 71.8%, 82.9%, and 92.2%. The Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient, and Theil index were consistent in the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year. Conclusion The fairness of professional human resource allocation in Guangdong Province based on the distribution of permanent residents at the end of the year is better than that based on geographical area and regional gross domestic product. The fairness of the allocation of practicing (assistant) physicians is better than that of other professional categories. Regional differences are the main reason for the relatively unfair allocation of PHA human resources in Guangdong Province.

Objective:To investigate the biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in the wounds of diabetic foot patients. Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. The 233 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were cultured from 177 inpatients (128 males and 49 females, aged (56±10) years) with diabetic foot admitted to the Department of Diabetic Foot of Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital from October 2020 to September 2023. Two hundred and thirty-three Acinetobacter baumannii strains were detected by bacterial culture from the diabetic foot wounds of the aforementioned patients. All Acinetobacter baumannii strains were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by analysis of their resistance rate using kinetic turbidimetric assay by a fully automated microbiological analysis system. Ten CRAB strains (from 10 patients, 9 males and 1 female, aged (63±13) years) and 10 carbapenem sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB; from 10 patients, 8 males and 2 females, aged (63±9) years) strains were randomly selected, and the whole DNA genome was extracted and sequenced. The antibiotic resistance genes were annotated using a comprehensive antibiotic resistance gene database, and a phylogenetic tree was drawn to analyze the homologous relationship between CRAB and CSAB. The 7 housekeeping genes of Acinetobacter baumannii was entered into the PubMLST website to analyze the multi-locus sequence typing of CRAB and CSAB. All the measured genes were put into the PubMLST website to search for the biofilm genes bap, csuA, csuB, csuA/B, csuC, csuD, csuE, pgaA, pgaB, pgaC, pgaD, bfmR, bfmS, ompA carried by each Acinetobacter baumannii, as well as the quorum sensing genes abaI and abaR, and flagellar gene pilA. The differences in carrying these genes between CRAB and CSAB were compared. The biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes carried by CRAB and CSAB carrying oxacillinase (OXA) resistance gene blaOXA were analyzed. Gross observation was performed to check if there was gel-like membrane-like substance in the diabetic foot wounds infected with CRAB and CSAB, and if so, the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope. Results:Among the detected Acinetobacter baumannii, the positive detection rates of CSAB, CRAB, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were 16.7% (39/233), 83.3% (194/233), 95.3% (222/233), and 34.3% (80/233), respectively, and no fully drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was detected. Among 233 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, the resistance rate to carbapenem antibiotics exceeded 80%; the resistance rate of cefoperazone/sulbactam was relatively low, at 37%; the resistance rates to the other cephalosporin antibiotics (cefotaxime, ceftazimide, cefotetan, and cefuroxime) were more than 80%; the resistance rates to all penicillin antibiotics were greater than 80%; the resistance rates to quinolone antibiotics were all over 60%; the resistance rate to minocycline was only 12%; the resistance rates to tigecycline and colistin did not exceed 1%. The phylogenetic tree showed that 10 CRAB strains were highly homologous, while 10 CSAB strains had low homology. The analysis of multi-locus sequence typing showed that 10 CRAB strains were all the same type; among the 10 CSAB strains, except 1 strain without typing, the remaining 9 CSAB strains had 7 types. Eight of 10 CRAB strains contained complete biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes. The biofilm genes from the strains of CSAB were incomplete and none carried the bap gene. Neither CRAB nor CSAB carried the flagellar gene pilA. Compared with that carried by CRAB, biofilm genes bap, csuA, csuC, and csuD and quorum sensing genes abaI and abaR carried by CSAB were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The main blaOXA categories carried by CRAB were blaOXA-23-like (specifically BlaOXA-167) and blaOXA-51-like (specifically blaOXA-66), both of which had carbapenase activity. Eight of 10 CRAB strains carried both blaOXA-66 and blaOXA-167, and all of them had relatively complete quorum sensing genes and biofilm genes. The main blaOXA categories carried by CSAB were blaOXA-51-like and blaOXA-213-like. Although they had carbapenemase activity, clinical drug sensitivity test showed that they were all sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics. Gel-like and membrane-like substance could be seen in wounds infected with CRAB, which were biofilm; no gel-like and membrane-like substance was found in the wound infected with CSAB. Conclusions:CRAB and CSAB in diabetic foot wounds are significantly different in terms of multi-locus sequence typing, carrying biofilm genes, quorum sensing genes, and blaOXA gene, leading to differences in antibiotic resistance between the two.

Objective:To investigate the biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in the wounds of diabetic foot patients. Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. The 233 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were cultured from 177 inpatients (128 males and 49 females, aged (56±10) years) with diabetic foot admitted to the Department of Diabetic Foot of Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital from October 2020 to September 2023. Two hundred and thirty-three Acinetobacter baumannii strains were detected by bacterial culture from the diabetic foot wounds of the aforementioned patients. All Acinetobacter baumannii strains were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by analysis of their resistance rate using kinetic turbidimetric assay by a fully automated microbiological analysis system. Ten CRAB strains (from 10 patients, 9 males and 1 female, aged (63±13) years) and 10 carbapenem sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB; from 10 patients, 8 males and 2 females, aged (63±9) years) strains were randomly selected, and the whole DNA genome was extracted and sequenced. The antibiotic resistance genes were annotated using a comprehensive antibiotic resistance gene database, and a phylogenetic tree was drawn to analyze the homologous relationship between CRAB and CSAB. The 7 housekeeping genes of Acinetobacter baumannii was entered into the PubMLST website to analyze the multi-locus sequence typing of CRAB and CSAB. All the measured genes were put into the PubMLST website to search for the biofilm genes bap, csuA, csuB, csuA/B, csuC, csuD, csuE, pgaA, pgaB, pgaC, pgaD, bfmR, bfmS, ompA carried by each Acinetobacter baumannii, as well as the quorum sensing genes abaI and abaR, and flagellar gene pilA. The differences in carrying these genes between CRAB and CSAB were compared. The biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes carried by CRAB and CSAB carrying oxacillinase (OXA) resistance gene blaOXA were analyzed. Gross observation was performed to check if there was gel-like membrane-like substance in the diabetic foot wounds infected with CRAB and CSAB, and if so, the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope. Results:Among the detected Acinetobacter baumannii, the positive detection rates of CSAB, CRAB, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were 16.7% (39/233), 83.3% (194/233), 95.3% (222/233), and 34.3% (80/233), respectively, and no fully drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was detected. Among 233 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, the resistance rate to carbapenem antibiotics exceeded 80%; the resistance rate of cefoperazone/sulbactam was relatively low, at 37%; the resistance rates to the other cephalosporin antibiotics (cefotaxime, ceftazimide, cefotetan, and cefuroxime) were more than 80%; the resistance rates to all penicillin antibiotics were greater than 80%; the resistance rates to quinolone antibiotics were all over 60%; the resistance rate to minocycline was only 12%; the resistance rates to tigecycline and colistin did not exceed 1%. The phylogenetic tree showed that 10 CRAB strains were highly homologous, while 10 CSAB strains had low homology. The analysis of multi-locus sequence typing showed that 10 CRAB strains were all the same type; among the 10 CSAB strains, except 1 strain without typing, the remaining 9 CSAB strains had 7 types. Eight of 10 CRAB strains contained complete biofilm genes and quorum sensing genes. The biofilm genes from the strains of CSAB were incomplete and none carried the bap gene. Neither CRAB nor CSAB carried the flagellar gene pilA. Compared with that carried by CRAB, biofilm genes bap, csuA, csuC, and csuD and quorum sensing genes abaI and abaR carried by CSAB were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The main blaOXA categories carried by CRAB were blaOXA-23-like (specifically BlaOXA-167) and blaOXA-51-like (specifically blaOXA-66), both of which had carbapenase activity. Eight of 10 CRAB strains carried both blaOXA-66 and blaOXA-167, and all of them had relatively complete quorum sensing genes and biofilm genes. The main blaOXA categories carried by CSAB were blaOXA-51-like and blaOXA-213-like. Although they had carbapenemase activity, clinical drug sensitivity test showed that they were all sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics. Gel-like and membrane-like substance could be seen in wounds infected with CRAB, which were biofilm; no gel-like and membrane-like substance was found in the wound infected with CSAB. Conclusions:CRAB and CSAB in diabetic foot wounds are significantly different in terms of multi-locus sequence typing, carrying biofilm genes, quorum sensing genes, and blaOXA gene, leading to differences in antibiotic resistance between the two.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)on pain intensity,pain sensation and overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods:Clinical data of advanced pancreatic cancer patients treated by HIFU were collected from the patients enrolled during August 2020 to September 2022 at the second department for oncology of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.In this study,SPSS 26.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of NRS score and BPI score.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method was applied to calculate the median overall survival(OS)and then the survival curve was drawn.At the same time,the incidence of related adverse reactions during and after HIFU treatment was counted. Results:(1)Among the 45 patients,30 patients received HIFU combined with chemotherapy,and the other 15 patients only received HIFU.(2)Among the 45 patients,32 patients had pain relief after HIFU treatment,and the NRS score kept decreased across 1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks and 1 month after HIFU treatment(P＜0.05).The pain sensation score of BPI scale also decreased correspondingly,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)The median OS of 45 patients was 11.1 months(95％Cl:9.30-1 2.90),of which 30 patients treated with HIFU combined chemotherapy had a median OS of 12.4 months(95％Cl:9.1 8-15.62),and 15 patients treated with HIFU only had a median OS of 4.6 months(95％Cl:1.11-8.10).(4)No serious adverse events were observed in all patients during and after HIFU treatment.Only 5 patients had asymptomatic mild elevation of blood amylase,and the incidence of mild adverse reactions was 11.1％. Conclusion:HIFU can effectively relieve pain and prolong the median survival time in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Self-organized blastoids from extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells possess enormous potential for investigating postimplantation embryo development and related diseases. However, the limited ability of postimplantation development of EPS-blastoids hinders its further application. In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis indicated that the "trophectoderm (TE)-like structure" of EPS-blastoids was primarily composed of primitive endoderm (PrE)-related cells instead of TE-related cells. We further identified PrE-like cells in EPS cell culture that contribute to the blastoid formation with TE-like structure. Inhibition of PrE cell differentiation by inhibiting MEK signaling or knockout of Gata6 in EPS cells markedly suppressed EPS-blastoid formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blastocyst-like structures reconstituted by combining the EPS-derived bilineage embryo-like structure (BLES) with either tetraploid embryos or tetraploid TE cells could implant normally and develop into live fetuses. In summary, our study reveals that TE improvement is critical for constructing a functional embryo using stem cells in vitro.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Tetraploidy ; Blastocyst ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Development