ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism by which Yizhi Qingxin prescription improves mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease （AD） through regulating mitochondrial Ca²⁺ homeostasis and kinetic balance based on the protein kinase A （PKA）/calcineurin （CaN） signaling pathway. MethodsSixty three-month-old amyloid precursor protein （APP）/presenilin 1 （PS1） double transgenic mice were randomly divided into a model group， a donepezil group（0.65 mg·kg^-1）， a low-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-L，2.6 g·kg^-1）， a medium-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-M，5.2 g·kg^-1）， and a high-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-H，10.4 g·kg^-1）， with 12 mice in each group. Twelve C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background served as a normal group. Each treatment group received gavage administration daily， with the model and normal groups receiving equal volume of physiological saline. Intervention continued for 12 consecutive weeks. The learning and memory abilities of the mice were assessed using the novel object recognition （NOR） and Morris water maze （MWM） tests. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE）/Nissl staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the hippocampus. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used to observe mitochondrial ultrastructure. Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl ester （Fluo-4 AM） Ca²⁺ probe was used to measure intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in brain tissue. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of PKA， CaN， sodium/calcium/lithium exchanger （NCLX）， mitochondrial calcium uniporter （MCU）， calmodulin （CaM）， dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1）， and phosphorylated dynamin-related protein 1 （serine 637 site） ［p-Drp1（S637）］ in the hippocampus. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to measure the expression of PKA， CaN， CaM， NCLX， MCU， and Drp1 mRNAs. ResultsCompared with those in the normal group， the recognition index （RI） of the model group decreased （P0.01）， and the number of crossings through the original platform area， the duration of stay in the target quadrant， and the distance were reduced （P0.01）. The protein expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-DRP1 （ser637） significantly decreased （P0.05）， and the mRNA expression of PKA and NCLX significantly decreased （P0.05）. The escape latency （EL） was prolonged （P0.05）， and the intracellular Ca²⁺ level significantly increased （P0.01）. The protein expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1， as well as the mRNA expression of CaN， MCU， and Drp1， significantly increased （P0.05）. After intervention with Donepezil and Yizhi Qingxin prescription， compared with that in the model group， the RI of the treatment group significantly increased （P0.05）， and the number of crossings through the platform and the duration of stay in the target quadrant significantly increased （P0.05）. The protein expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-Drp1 （ser637） and the mRNA expression of PKA and NCLX significantly increased （P0.05）. On the 4th and 5th days， the EL was shortened （P0.05）， and the intracellular Ca²⁺ level decreased （P0.05）. The protein expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1 and the mRNA expression of CaN， MCU， and Drp1 significantly decreased （P0.05）. ConclusionYizhi Qingxin prescription regulates the PKA/CaN pathway， upregulates the expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-Drp1 （ser637） proteins， reduces the expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1 proteins， and regulates Ca²⁺ homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamic balance， thereby enhancing the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD mice.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism by which Yizhi Qingxin prescription improves mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease （AD） through regulating mitochondrial Ca²⁺ homeostasis and kinetic balance based on the protein kinase A （PKA）/calcineurin （CaN） signaling pathway. MethodsSixty three-month-old amyloid precursor protein （APP）/presenilin 1 （PS1） double transgenic mice were randomly divided into a model group， a donepezil group（0.65 mg·kg^-1）， a low-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-L，2.6 g·kg^-1）， a medium-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-M，5.2 g·kg^-1）， and a high-dose Yizhi Qingxin prescription group （YQF-H，10.4 g·kg^-1）， with 12 mice in each group. Twelve C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background served as a normal group. Each treatment group received gavage administration daily， with the model and normal groups receiving equal volume of physiological saline. Intervention continued for 12 consecutive weeks. The learning and memory abilities of the mice were assessed using the novel object recognition （NOR） and Morris water maze （MWM） tests. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE）/Nissl staining was used to observe histopathological changes in the hippocampus. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used to observe mitochondrial ultrastructure. Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl ester （Fluo-4 AM） Ca²⁺ probe was used to measure intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in brain tissue. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of PKA， CaN， sodium/calcium/lithium exchanger （NCLX）， mitochondrial calcium uniporter （MCU）， calmodulin （CaM）， dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1）， and phosphorylated dynamin-related protein 1 （serine 637 site） ［p-Drp1（S637）］ in the hippocampus. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to measure the expression of PKA， CaN， CaM， NCLX， MCU， and Drp1 mRNAs. ResultsCompared with those in the normal group， the recognition index （RI） of the model group decreased （P0.01）， and the number of crossings through the original platform area， the duration of stay in the target quadrant， and the distance were reduced （P0.01）. The protein expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-DRP1 （ser637） significantly decreased （P0.05）， and the mRNA expression of PKA and NCLX significantly decreased （P0.05）. The escape latency （EL） was prolonged （P0.05）， and the intracellular Ca²⁺ level significantly increased （P0.01）. The protein expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1， as well as the mRNA expression of CaN， MCU， and Drp1， significantly increased （P0.05）. After intervention with Donepezil and Yizhi Qingxin prescription， compared with that in the model group， the RI of the treatment group significantly increased （P0.05）， and the number of crossings through the platform and the duration of stay in the target quadrant significantly increased （P0.05）. The protein expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-Drp1 （ser637） and the mRNA expression of PKA and NCLX significantly increased （P0.05）. On the 4th and 5th days， the EL was shortened （P0.05）， and the intracellular Ca²⁺ level decreased （P0.05）. The protein expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1 and the mRNA expression of CaN， MCU， and Drp1 significantly decreased （P0.05）. ConclusionYizhi Qingxin prescription regulates the PKA/CaN pathway， upregulates the expression of PKA， NCLX， and p-Drp1 （ser637） proteins， reduces the expression of CaN， CaM， MCU， and Drp1 proteins， and regulates Ca²⁺ homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamic balance， thereby enhancing the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD mice.

At present,the most of mainstream monitoring device for nocturnal penile erection adopts wired connection,and the volume of host is larger and the weight of that is heavier,which affect the wearing experience.This research developed a micro-wearable monitoring device for nocturnal penile erection on the basis of flexible pressure sensing technique.This device selected flexible material of stripe to carry the sensing module of capacitor and pressure(signal acquisition module),control module with Bluetooth transmission and power supply module.The design of software system adopted respectively the hardware program of device for signal acquisition of erection and assessment software of computer for erection function.Compared with the comprehensively diagnostic instrument RigiScan of mainstream for the function of penile erection,the volume of the prototype of this device only was 2.38%by RigiScan,and the weight of that only was 3.94%by RigiScan,and the power consumption of that only was 12.22%by RigiScan,which can realize monitoring of wireless and low tactile sensation.It has a series of characteristics included weak wearing sensation,small volume,lightweight and low-power consumption,which is contribute to enhance the wearing experience of monitored person,and eliminate psychological interference,and increase the accuracy of monitoring.

Objective To observe the alterations of protein expression of nicotinamide adenine di-nucleotide phosphatase oxidase 4-silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1(NOX4-SIRT1)signaling pathway in ApoE-/-mice and C57BL/6J mice induced by high-fat diet.Methods Twenty ApoE-/-mice and 40 C57BL/6J mice,aged of 10 weeks and half male and half female,were randomly divided into a NC group and a HFD group,with 10 mice in each group(ApoE-/-+NC and ApoE-/-+HFD groups,and C57+NC and C57+HFD groups).After 1 week of adaptive feed-ing period,each group was fed with their corresponding diet for subsequent 12 weeks,and then blood samples were collected from the anesthetized orbits and aortic arch tissues were harvested.HE staining and Masson staining were performed to examine the pathological morphology of the aortic arch tissues.The serum levels of TG,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C were measured using an auto-matic biochemical analyzer.The content of ox-LDLC was detected with ELISA,and the contents of ROS,GSH,GPX and NAD+were measured by colorimetry.The expression of SIRT1,p53,p21 and NOX4 was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the C57+NC group,the ApoE-/-+NC group showed significant lipid deposition,increased collagen fibers,elevated levels of TC,TG,HDLC,LDL-C,ox-LDL-C and ROS and increased p21 expression level,and obviously decreased contents of GSH,GPX and NAD+(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared with the ApoE-/-+NC group,the ApoE-/-+HFD group showed larger plaque areas,lessened elastic fibers,more col-lagen fibers,increased levels of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,ox-LDL-C and ROS,and p21 expression level(P＜0.01),and declined expression of GSH,GPX,NAD+and NOX4[6.4±0.8 μmol/L vs 9.6±0.8 μmol/L,242.0±39.0 U/ml vs 362.7±11.1 U/ml,0.61±0.15 nmol/L vs 1.07±0.20 nmol/L,0.26±0.01 vs 0.32±0.03;P＜0.05,P＜0.01[.Conclusion High-fat diet may accelerate vascular aging by elevating lipid and oxidative stress levels,decreasing NAD+and NOX4 expression,ele-vating p21 expression,and thereby activating the NOX4-SIRT1 pathway.

Objective To investigate the application of multi-perspective nursing guided by the MPNFS theory in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Methods The clinical data of 80 lung cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy in No.971 Hospital of Navy from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were assigned to control group(n=43)and observation group(n=37).The control group received routine nursing interventions,and the observation group received multi-perspective nursing guided by the MPNFS theory in addition to routine nursing.Nutritional status(serum albumin,total protein,and prealbumin),psychological status(assessed by the state-trait anxiety inventory[STAI]),self-perceived burden(assessed by the self-perceived burden scale for cancer patients[SPBS-CP]),cancer-related fatigue(assessed by the Piper fatigue scale[PFS]),and quality of life(assessed by the functional assessment of cancer therapy-lung[FACT-L]scale)were compared between the two groups before and after nursing interventions.Results The serum albumin,total protein,and prealbumin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention(all P<0.05).The scores of SPBS-CP,PFS and STAI were significantly decreased in the observation group after intervention(all P<0.05),while the scores of FACT-L scale were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Multi-perspective nursing guided by the MPNFS theory can effectively improve the nutritional status of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy,enhance psychological well-being,reduce self-perceived burden and cancer-related fatigue,and elevate overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the relationship between urinary cadmium levels and thyroid hormone levels in people aged 40-89 years old in selected areas of China.Methods:Based on the "Investigation of the Impact of Soil Quality of Agricultural Land on Human Health in Typical Areas" project from October 2019 to August 2020, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to include 6 588 middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89. Demographic characteristics, dietary frequency and disease status were collected through the questionnaire and physical examination. Urinary cadmium and urinary creatinine were detected by random midstream urine. Fasting venous blood was collected for the detection of Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4). The linear mixed effects model was used to explore the association of urine cadmium levels with thyroid hormone levels. Its dose-response relationship was explored by using the restricted cubic spline.Results:The age of the subjects was (63.48±12.18) years, with males accounting for 51.28%. The M ( Q 1,Q 3) of urinary cadmium level, T3 and T4 was 2.48 (1.36, 4.42) μg/g·creatinine, (1.96±0.51) nmol/L and (113.75±29.11) nmol/L, respectively. The linear mixed effects model showed that the changes of T3 and T4 were 0.027 (0.009, 0.044) nmol/L and 2.019 (1.084, 2.953) nmol/L for each one-unit increase (natural logarithm transformed) of urinary cadmium. The restricted cubic spline showed that there was a positive nonlinear association between urinary cadmium and T3 as well as T4 (all Pnonlinear<0.05). Conclusion:In selected areas of China, the urinary cadmium level of middle-aged and older adults aged 40-89 years is positively associated with T3 and T4.

Objective:To evaluate the levels and source of cadmium exposure by dietary pathway among middle-aged and elderly people ≥40 in cadmium-contaminated areas of China.Methods:A total of 7 193 people aged 40-89 years from four typical cadmium-contaminated areas in China were selected as the study subjects. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Total Diet Study (TDS) and a 3-day-24-hour dietary recall survey were conducted. Dietary cadmium intake and food sources through dietary pathways were assessed based on cadmium content in foods, consumption amounts and intake frequencies.Results:The mean age of the participants was 63.39±12.21 years, with 50.05% being males. The average monthly dietary cadmium intake was 7.39 μg/(kg·BW). Staple foods and vegetables were the primary sources of dietary cadmium intake, accounting for 57.51% and 32.48%, respectively. The monthly dietary cadmium intake in all surveyed regions did not exceed the Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake (PTMI) recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA).Conclusion:The monthly dietary cadmium intake among middle-aged and elderly people in cadmium-contaminated areas of China is relatively low, with the risk remaining at an acceptable level. Staple foods and vegetables are the most significant contributors to dietary cadmium intake.

In order to investigate the role of sRNA OxyS in the pathogenicity of Salmonella typhi-murium infection,the OxyS gene deletion strain ATCC25241 △OxyS and the back-complemented strain ATCC25241 △OxyS/OxyS of Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25241 were constructed by using λRed homologous recombination technique.We investigated the effect of OxyS deletion on the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25241.The re-sults showed that the deletion of OxyS did not affect the growth rate,the ability of biofilm forma-tion,and the ability of adhesion,invasion and intracellular survival of Salmonella typhimurium,but significantly reduced the motility of Salmonella typhimurium as well as its ability to survive in alkaline and oxidative environments.The results of mouse infection test showed that OxyS dele-tion caused a significant decrease in the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium in mice,and toxicity is reduced obviously.The qPCR results also showed that OxyS deletion could lead to changes in the transcript levels of a number of virulence-related genes of Salmonella typhimurium such as pipB,orf245,csgA,invH,tatA,sipA,sipB,and so on.The above results indicate that OxyS gene affects the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium and is an important virulence regulator of Salmonella typhimurium.

In order to establish a serological method for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus,the prokaryotic expression of four proteins of BRSV,G,F,P,and M was carried out,and the most suitable coating antigen was screened to establish an indirect ELISA detection method.The results showed that the four recombinant proteins of BRSV,rG,rF,rP and rM were successfully expressed.The results of checkerboard screening showed that the P/N value of rG protein was the largest,which was determined to be the best coating antigen established by indirect ELISA meth-od.The optimal reaction conditions for indirect ELISA were as follows:the mass concentration of rG protein coating was 1 mg/L,37℃ for 2 h;3％BSA 37℃ block for 1 h;Serum was diluted 1∶50 and incubated at 37℃ for 1h;Secondary antibody 1∶5 000 dilution,37℃ for 30min;The color development conditions of the substrate were 37℃ for 15 min;Thirty negative sera were selected,and the cut-off value was determined to be 0.63 by the established indirect ELISA method.The re-sults of the specificity test showed that the indirect ELISA method established in this test only recognized BRSV-positive serum,and did not react with IBRV,BCoV,and BPIV3-positive serum.The results of repeatability test showed that the method had good repeatability,and the coefficient of variation within and between batches was less than 10％.The results of the sensitivity test showed that the BRSV-positive serum was still positive when diluted to 1∶8 192.The indirect ELISA method established in this experiment was used to detect 100 clinical serum samples at the same time,and the total coincidence rate of the two reached 90.48％,the positive coincidence rate was 93.42％,and the negative coincidence rate was 82.75％.The indirect ELISA established in this test can be used for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and congenital heart disease(CHD)and their correlation among children and adolescents of Drung nationality in Yunnan Province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2022 among all Drung school-aged children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Gongshan Drung and Nu Autonomous County,Yunnan Province.Visual inspection,Adams for-ward flexion test,and trunk rotation angle(ATR)measurement were comprehensively used for school prelim-inary screening of scoliosis.Individuals who tested positive in the school preliminary screening underwent fur-ther X-ray examination for auxiliary diagnosis.Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were used for school preliminary screening of CHD.The personal information of the screening subjects,the screening results,etc.were recorded.The prevalence of scoliosis and CHD among children and adolescents of the Drung nationality and the relationship between the two diseases were statistically analyzed,and the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis screening and its influencing factors were also analyzed.Results A total of 1 036 chil-dren and adolescents of Drung nationality were enrolled,with a mean age of(10.72±3.75)years,icluding 542 males and 494 females.A total of 45 subjects tested positive for scoliosis in the school preliminary screening,with a preliminary positive rate of 4.34%.A total of 22 cases were finally diagnosed with scoliosis,with a prevalence rate of 2.12%.Among them,21 cases were idiopathic scoliosis(accounting for 95.45%),and 1 case was congenital scoliosis(accounting for 4.55%).The prevalence rate was higher in females(2.83%)than that in males(1.48%),higher in the 10 to 18-year-old group(2.30%)than that in the 5 to<10-year-old group(1.87%),and higher in the secondary school group(2.78%)than that in the primary school group(1.78%),hut there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Most idiopathic scoliosis cases were mild(Cobb angle 10° to<20°,90.48%)and classified as Lenke type Ⅴ(57.14%).Two cases of CHD were confirmed,both of which were atrial septal defects,with a prevalence rate of 0.19%.The co-occurrence rate of idiopathic scoliosis and CHD was 4.76%(1/21).The positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis pre-liminary screening was only 48.89%.When the BMI was<18.5 kg/m2,the positive predictive value was sig-nificantly higher than that for BMI≥18.5 kg/m2(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of scoliosis a-mong adolescents of the Drung ethnic group in Yunnan Province is 2.12%,predominantly idiopathic scoliosis,with Lenke type V being the most common classification.The prevalence rate of congenital heart disease is 0.19%.BMI is a significant influencing factor for the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis prelimi-nary screening.