Objective:To study the effect of inhibiting heat shock protein 70 ( HSP70) gene expression on the proliferation, invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells and its mechanism. Methods:Tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissue samples from 23 patients with cholangiocarcinoma who underwent surgery in the Hunan Second People′s Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were collected. The mRNA and protein expressions of HSP70 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues, human cholangiocarcinoma cells (HuCC-T1), normal bile duct tissues and human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (HIBEpiC) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. HuCC-T1 cells were cultured in vitro, and a HuCC-T1 cell line with stably knocked down HSP70 gene (HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group) was obtained by screening after infection with shRNA lentivirus. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of inhibiting HSP70 gene expression on the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of HuCC-T1 cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), ERK1/2, β-catenin, c-myc, Snail and E-cadherin after inhibiting HSP70 gene expression in HuCC-T1 cells. Results:Compared with normal bile duct tissues and HIBEpiC cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of HSP70 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and HuCC-T1 cells were significantly higher (all P<0.05). After inhibiting HSP70 gene expression in HuCC-T1 cells, the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of cells in the HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group were significantly decreased (all P<0.05); the protein expressions of TLR4, p-ERK1/2, β-catenin, c-myc and Snail in the HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group were significantly decreased, while the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Silencing HSP70 gene expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of cholangiocarcinoma cells. The mechanism may be that after the down-regulation of HSP70 gene expression, its activation of downstream TLR4 and MAPK pathways is significantly inhibited, thereby affecting the proliferation, invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Objective:This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of the clustered cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Jiangsu province, so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control efforts.Methods:In this study we searched for cases related to clustered outbreaks and conducted epidemiological investigations of the cases, their co-exposed individuals, and close contacts. The basic information of the cases and their disease progression were collected and documented. The source of infection and transmission routes were analyzed. Fisher’s exact probability test and independent samples t-test were used to compare the differences between index and secondary cases. Results:From 2018 and 2024, a total of nine cluster outbreaks were reported in Jiangsu province, involving 32 cases of SFTS with 12 fatalities. Seven clustered outbreaks occurred in rural communities, while two occurred in medical institutions. The primary cause of these outbreaks was direct contact with confirmed cases.Conclusions:In recent years, Jiangsu province has experienced multiple clustered outbreaks of SFTS. Targeted health education should be implemented in high-risk areas to increase awareness of personal protective measures. Medical institutions should standardize the management of confirmed cases, educate patients′ families about prevention and control measures, and strengthen training for healthcare workers to ensure effective infection control within hospitals.

Objective:This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of the clustered cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Jiangsu province, so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control efforts.Methods:In this study we searched for cases related to clustered outbreaks and conducted epidemiological investigations of the cases, their co-exposed individuals, and close contacts. The basic information of the cases and their disease progression were collected and documented. The source of infection and transmission routes were analyzed. Fisher’s exact probability test and independent samples t-test were used to compare the differences between index and secondary cases. Results:From 2018 and 2024, a total of nine cluster outbreaks were reported in Jiangsu province, involving 32 cases of SFTS with 12 fatalities. Seven clustered outbreaks occurred in rural communities, while two occurred in medical institutions. The primary cause of these outbreaks was direct contact with confirmed cases.Conclusions:In recent years, Jiangsu province has experienced multiple clustered outbreaks of SFTS. Targeted health education should be implemented in high-risk areas to increase awareness of personal protective measures. Medical institutions should standardize the management of confirmed cases, educate patients′ families about prevention and control measures, and strengthen training for healthcare workers to ensure effective infection control within hospitals.

Objective:To study the effect of inhibiting heat shock protein 70 ( HSP70) gene expression on the proliferation, invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells and its mechanism. Methods:Tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissue samples from 23 patients with cholangiocarcinoma who underwent surgery in the Hunan Second People′s Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were collected. The mRNA and protein expressions of HSP70 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues, human cholangiocarcinoma cells (HuCC-T1), normal bile duct tissues and human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (HIBEpiC) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. HuCC-T1 cells were cultured in vitro, and a HuCC-T1 cell line with stably knocked down HSP70 gene (HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group) was obtained by screening after infection with shRNA lentivirus. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of inhibiting HSP70 gene expression on the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of HuCC-T1 cells. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), ERK1/2, β-catenin, c-myc, Snail and E-cadherin after inhibiting HSP70 gene expression in HuCC-T1 cells. Results:Compared with normal bile duct tissues and HIBEpiC cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of HSP70 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and HuCC-T1 cells were significantly higher (all P<0.05). After inhibiting HSP70 gene expression in HuCC-T1 cells, the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of cells in the HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group were significantly decreased (all P<0.05); the protein expressions of TLR4, p-ERK1/2, β-catenin, c-myc and Snail in the HuCC-T1-HSP70-KD group were significantly decreased, while the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Silencing HSP70 gene expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of cholangiocarcinoma cells. The mechanism may be that after the down-regulation of HSP70 gene expression, its activation of downstream TLR4 and MAPK pathways is significantly inhibited, thereby affecting the proliferation, invasion and migration of cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hyperbaric oxygen caused pulmonary oxygen toxicity.Methods Mice were divided into the control group that was exposed to normal air,and hyperbaric oxygen exposure groups treated with phosphate buffer saline(PBS)or exosomes,respectively.PBS and exosome treatment were given one day prior to exposure.Mice were subjected to 0.23 MPa pure oxygen for 8 hours.The lung wet-dry ratio,inflammation,exudation and pathological injury were analyzed,while cell death and antioxidant related molecules were detected.Results Pretreatment with exosome significantly attenuated lung injury caused by hyperbaric oxygen exposure by decreasing the lung wet-dry ratio,inflammation,and cell apoptosis.Conclusion Prophylactic administration of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate hyperbaric oxygen induced pulmonary oxygen poisoning by attenuating cell death and inflammation.

To construct a recombinant attenuated Salmonella strain carrying the p57 and BLID genes and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells and apoptosis induction in vitro,the recombinant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID was constructed.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the transcription and expression of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella in cancer cells.The CCK-8 method was used to assess the safety of the recombinant at-tenuated Salmonella and its impact on the activity of breast cancer cells.The cell scratch assay was used to analyze the influence of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella on the migratory ability of cancer cells.Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze the effect of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella on the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells.The bands of target genes carried by the recombinant attenuated Salmonella could be amplified by PCR,and these target genes could be transcribed and expressed in MDA-MB-231 cells.The recombinant attenuated Salmonella showed good growth characteristics and genetic stability.Compared with the PBS group,recombi-nant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID significantly reduced(P＜0.01)the activity of MDA-MB-231 cells and significantly inhibited(P＜0.01)the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells.Recombinant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID can obviously increase the number of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells,significantly upregulate(P＜0.01)the expression of apoptotic protein Bax,and significantly downregulate(P＜0.01)the expression of apoptotic protein Bcl-2.The results showed that the recombinant attenuated Salmonella had an inhibitory effect on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and could induce apoptosis,which laid a foundation for the subsequent study of anti-tumor in vivo.

To construct a recombinant attenuated Salmonella strain carrying the p57 and BLID genes and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells and apoptosis induction in vitro,the recombinant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID was constructed.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the transcription and expression of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella in cancer cells.The CCK-8 method was used to assess the safety of the recombinant at-tenuated Salmonella and its impact on the activity of breast cancer cells.The cell scratch assay was used to analyze the influence of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella on the migratory ability of cancer cells.Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze the effect of the recombinant attenuated Salmonella on the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells.The bands of target genes carried by the recombinant attenuated Salmonella could be amplified by PCR,and these target genes could be transcribed and expressed in MDA-MB-231 cells.The recombinant attenuated Salmonella showed good growth characteristics and genetic stability.Compared with the PBS group,recombi-nant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID significantly reduced(P＜0.01)the activity of MDA-MB-231 cells and significantly inhibited(P＜0.01)the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells.Recombinant attenuated Salmonella LH430/pEGFP-p57-BLID can obviously increase the number of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells,significantly upregulate(P＜0.01)the expression of apoptotic protein Bax,and significantly downregulate(P＜0.01)the expression of apoptotic protein Bcl-2.The results showed that the recombinant attenuated Salmonella had an inhibitory effect on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and could induce apoptosis,which laid a foundation for the subsequent study of anti-tumor in vivo.

Objective:To develop a training system of Doppler-based venous gas bubble sound discrimination for on-site monitoring of decompression sickness，aiming to solve the training difficulties caused by the lack of actual cases of diving decompression sickness and insufficient Doppler audio data.Methods:Based on a client-server architecture，a training system structure was designed to carry out training at client，and to manage training samples and statistically analyze training records at server. By the algorithm of invoking at the backstage，the Doppler audios of gas bubbles in blood flow were simulated as the training samples. By adjusting the parameters，e.g.，the volume and quantity of gas bubble and the noise level，corresponding to the simulation audios，the success rate of trainees in diagnosing decompression sickness can be quantitatively evaluated.Results:The training system designed in this research functioned as a front-end platform of Doppler gas bubble sound discrimination training，which could quantitatively evaluate training effect，offer massive simulation training for multiple trainees simultaneously，and manage the training data.Conclusion:This training system could be applied to develop the capabilities of Doppler gas bubble sound discrimination and on-site diagnosis and monitoring of decompression sickness of the medical support personnel in the submarine rescue troops at grass-roots level. It can also provide a basis for the selection of on-site diving medical support personnel.

Objective:To develop a training system of Doppler-based venous gas bubble sound discrimination for on-site monitoring of decompression sickness，aiming to solve the training difficulties caused by the lack of actual cases of diving decompression sickness and insufficient Doppler audio data.Methods:Based on a client-server architecture，a training system structure was designed to carry out training at client，and to manage training samples and statistically analyze training records at server. By the algorithm of invoking at the backstage，the Doppler audios of gas bubbles in blood flow were simulated as the training samples. By adjusting the parameters，e.g.，the volume and quantity of gas bubble and the noise level，corresponding to the simulation audios，the success rate of trainees in diagnosing decompression sickness can be quantitatively evaluated.Results:The training system designed in this research functioned as a front-end platform of Doppler gas bubble sound discrimination training，which could quantitatively evaluate training effect，offer massive simulation training for multiple trainees simultaneously，and manage the training data.Conclusion:This training system could be applied to develop the capabilities of Doppler gas bubble sound discrimination and on-site diagnosis and monitoring of decompression sickness of the medical support personnel in the submarine rescue troops at grass-roots level. It can also provide a basis for the selection of on-site diving medical support personnel.

Objective:To observe the effect of exercise preconditioning with different intensities and durations on early kidney injury indicators in rats by constructing a rat model of kidney injury induced by one-off high intensive and exhaustive military training, and to provide guidance on implementing scientific training plans.Methods:A total of 70 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into seven groups with 10 rats in each group according to the random number table method, namely, model group with kidney injury induced by one-off high-intensive military training (M group), low-intensive and short-term exercise preconditioning group (LS group), low-intensive and long-term exercise preconditioning group (LL group), medium-intensive and short-term exercise preconditioning group (MS group), medium-intensive and long-term exercise preconditioning group (ML group), high-intensive and short-term exercise preconditioning group (HS group), and high-intensive and long-term exercise preconditioning group (HL group). After treadmill exercise preconditioning in different modes, the rats were trained as the kidney injury model group receiving one-off high intensive and exhaustive military training. The behavioral characteristics of rats after each training and when they were trained to exhaustion, the time to exhaustion, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (Bun), serum creatinine (SCr), cystatin C (Cys-C), kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), the activities of Na + K + -ATPase in kidney tissues, the levels of total superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the semi-quantitative scores of renal tubules were observed. Results:The rats in the HL group had indifferent expressions, slow responses, glossless fur, and weak responses for evading capture, while the rats in other groups had glossy fur and were alert to surrounding stimuli. In terms of the length of the time to exhaustion, the groups were ranked as ML>HS>MS>LL>LS>M>HL. There was no statistically significant difference in the time to exhaustion between the LS group and the M group ( P>0.05); but there were statistically significant differences in the time to exhaustion among other groups, and the time to exhaustion in the HL group was significantly shorter than those in other groups ( P<0.05). In terms of serum Bun, SCr, Cys-C, KIM-1, and NGAL levels, there was no statistically significant difference between the LS group and the M group ( P>0.05), but there were statistically significant differences among other groups ( P<0.05). In terms of the expressions of Na + , K + -ATPase activities and total SOD activity in renal tissues of rats, the groups were ranked as ML>HS>MS>LL>M>LS>HL. In terms of the expressions of Na + , K + -ATPase activities and total SOD activity in renal tissue of rats, there was no significant difference between the M group and the LS group ( P>0.05), but there were statistically significant differences among other groups ( P<0.05). The MDA levels from low to high were ranked as ML0.05), but there were statistically significant differences among other groups ( P<0.05). The renal tubules scores from low to high were ranked as ML