Objective: To analyze the nucleic acid load of human parvovirus B19 in major commercially available blood products in China, including human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, human rabies immunoglobulin and various coagulation factor products, aiming to provide evidence for improving blood product manufacturing processes and quality control of source plasma. Methods: A total of 98 batches of coagulation factor products were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, including 42 batches of human prothrombin complex, 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ, and 21 batches of human fibrinogen. Additionally, 6 batches of human albumin, 6 batches of human intravenous immunoglobulin, and 38 batches of human rabies immunoglobulin were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid. Results: Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid were undetectable in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin and human rabies immunoglobulin. Among the 98 batches of coagulation factor products tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid, B19 nucleic acid reactivity rate was 69.0% (29/42) for human prothrombin complex batches, but nucleic acid concentration were all significantly lower than 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ was 48.6% (17/35), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 21 batches of human fibrinogen was 61.9% (13/21), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. Conclusion: No human parvovirus B19 has been detected in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, or human rabies immunoglobulin. Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid may exist in commercially available coagulation factor products, highlighting the need for enhanced screening of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in these products. It is also recommended that B19 viral nucleic acid testing be conducted on source plasma, particularly for coagulation factor products.

Objective: To analyze the nucleic acid load of human parvovirus B19 in major commercially available blood products in China, including human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, human rabies immunoglobulin and various coagulation factor products, aiming to provide evidence for improving blood product manufacturing processes and quality control of source plasma. Methods: A total of 98 batches of coagulation factor products were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, including 42 batches of human prothrombin complex, 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ, and 21 batches of human fibrinogen. Additionally, 6 batches of human albumin, 6 batches of human intravenous immunoglobulin, and 38 batches of human rabies immunoglobulin were tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid. Results: Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid were undetectable in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin and human rabies immunoglobulin. Among the 98 batches of coagulation factor products tested for human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid, B19 nucleic acid reactivity rate was 69.0% (29/42) for human prothrombin complex batches, but nucleic acid concentration were all significantly lower than 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 35 batches of human coagulation factor Ⅷ was 48.6% (17/35), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. The reactivity rate of B19 nucleic acid in 21 batches of human fibrinogen was 61.9% (13/21), with nucleic acid concentration all below 10 IU/mL. Conclusion: No human parvovirus B19 has been detected in human albumin, human intravenous immunoglobulin, or human rabies immunoglobulin. Human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid may exist in commercially available coagulation factor products, highlighting the need for enhanced screening of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in these products. It is also recommended that B19 viral nucleic acid testing be conducted on source plasma, particularly for coagulation factor products.

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a significant causative factor of end-stage renal disease globally,and its pathogenesis involves dysregulation of multiple cellular and hormonal pathways.Podocytes play crucial roles in the process of DN,with the extent of podocyte injury closely associated with key pathological manifestations of renal damage,such as proteinuria,glomerular filtration rate,and glomerulosclerosis.However,due to the complexity and interplay of mechanisms contributing to podocyte injury,such as oxidative stress,abnormal lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial damage,the precise mechanisms underlying podocyte injury remain incompletely understood.This review integrated the latest research findings from both domestic and international studies on the core mechanisms of podocyte injury in DN.Furthermore,this article summarized the implications of these mechanisms for DN treatment,particularly focusing on potential therapeutic targets and the development of related pharmacological interventions derived from targeting podocyte injury pathways,so as to provide a theoretical foundation for the development of clinical therapeutic strategies for DN.

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-1205(miR-1205)and tripartite motif containing 44(TRIM44)mRNA in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues,and their correlation with pathological characteristics and prognosis.Methods A total of 140 CRC patients who underwent surgery in the hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were enrolled as the CRC group,while 140 patients with colorectal adenomas who underwent pathological biopsies during the same period were included as the control group.Real-time flu-orescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of miR-1205 and TRIM44 in CRC and colorectal adenoma tissues.The correlation between miR-1205 and TRIM44 expression and patho-logical parameters was analyzed.Binding sites between miR-1205 and TRIM44 were predicted using an online database,and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between miR-1205 and TRIM44 expres-sion.Based on miR-1205 and TRIM44 expression in CRC tissues,CRC patients were divided into high-expres-sion and low-expression groups.Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves of CRC patients in dif-ferent miR-1205 and TRIM44 expression groups.Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the influen-cing factors of mortality in CRC patients.Results The expression level of miR-1205 in the CRC group was lower,while the expression level of TRIM44 was higher compared to the control group(P＜0.05).There was a binding site at the 11583-11590 position in the 3'-untranslated region of TRIM44 and miR-1205.miR-1205 expression was negatively correlated with TRIM44 expression in CRC tissues(P＜0.05).There were statisti-cally significant differences in the expression levels of miR-1205 and TRIM44 among CRC patients with differ-ent differentiation levels,TNM stages,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The 3-year overall survival rate of the 140 CRC patients was 82.14％(115/140).The 3-year overall survival rate in the high miR-1205 ex-pression group was higher than in the low miR-1205 expression group,while the 3-year overall survival rate was lower in the high TRIM44 expression group compared to the low TRIM44 expression group(P＜0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors,miR-1205≥0.63 was an independent protective factor for mortality in CRC patients(P＜0.05),while TRIM44≥2.84 was an independent risk factor for mortality in CRC patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-1205 is lowly expressed and TRIM44 is highly expressed in CRC tissues,both of which are associated with adverse pathological features and prognosis,and may become prognostic markers for CRC patients.

[Objective] To establish a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR nucleic acid detection method of human parvovirus B19 and validate the method systematically. [Methods] Specific primers and probes for the highly conserved regions of the three genotypes of B19 virus were designed, and B19 quantitative amplification standard curves were established. The accuracy, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision), linear range, quantification limit, detection limit, specificity, anti cross contamination, genotyping and anti-interference ability of this method were verified. [Results] When the quantitative reference range for B19 virus was 2.0×10¹ to 1.0×10⁸ IU/mL, a double logarithmic regression analysis was performed between the measured values and the theoretical values, and the regression equation R²≥0.98 showed good linear correlation. The quantification limit was 20 IU/mL, with a detection rate of 100%. The detection limit was 10 IU/mL, and the detection rate is 95.23%. Three genotypes of B19 virus samples can be effectively detected. The plasma of seven non B19 pathogens, including hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immuno-deficiency virus, human cytomegalovirus, hepatitis E virus and Treponema pallidum, was non reactive and has good species specificity. Simultaneously, in the presence of seven other concurrent pathogens, positive samples with a weak positive concentration of E3 IU/mL could be stably detected, and the B19 nucleic acid testing method was not interfered with. When the hemoglobin concentration was 431 mg/dL, triglycerides (1 269 turbidity) and unconjugated bilirubin concentration was 20 mg/dL, this method was non reactive for all three common plasma interfering substances. In the presence of three common plasma interfering substances, positive samples with a weak positive concentration of E3 IU/mL could be stably detected, and the B19 nucleic acid testing method was not interfered with. The deviation between the detection values of standard substances at two concentration levels of S1 (E5 IU/mL) and S2 (E4 IU/mL) and the target values were≤±0.5 log value. The CV values of positive sample 1 (concentration level E5 IU/mL) and positive sample 2 (concentration level E4 IU/mL) for daily precision confirmation and continuous 5-day intra-day precision confirmation were both≤5%. [Conclusion] This method has strong specificity, high sensitivity, wide linear range, stability, reliability and high accuracy, and can be used for the detection of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in plasma.

Objective To study the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms at loci rs4535211,rs75885714,and rs7653834 of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase 2 (PLCL2) gene and large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 105 patients with newly diagnosed LAA ischemic stroke admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 103 patients with gender and age matching phys-ical examination in this hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The clinical data and serum inflammatory markers were collected and compared between the two groups.Genotypes of PLCL2 gene rs4535211,rs75885714 and rs7653834 loci in the two groups were detected,and genotype and allele fre-quencies were calculated.Results The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin-6 (IL-6),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR),monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR),platelet to lympho-cyte ratio (PLR) and D-dimer in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). rs7653834 locus was C/C,C/T,T/T genotypes,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of C/C,T/C and T/T genotypes NLR and PLR at rs7653834 locus were sta-tistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05).The analysis results of co-dominant model,dominant model and overdominant model showed that there was statistical significance in rs7653834 locus genotype be-tween the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion There may be a potential association between rs7653834 locus polymorphism of PLCL2 gene and LAA type ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the effects of paeonol on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway and pyroptosis levels in ectopic lesion tissues of endometriosis(EMS)mice and mouse endometrial epithelial cells(mEECs).Methods An allograft transplantation method was used to establish an EMS mouse model.Thirty-five Balb/c mice were divided into a sham group,a model group,a 12.5 mg/kg paeonol group,a 25 mg/kg paeonol group,a 50 mg/kg paeonol group,a 0.5 mg/kg gestrinone group(positive control group),and a 50 mg/kg paeonol+Nrf2 inhibitor ML385(30 mg/kg)group,with 5 mice in each group.mEECs were divided into a cell control group,a 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)or 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide(LPS)model group,a 50 μmol/Lpaeonol group,a 100 μmol/L paeonol group,and a 100 μmol/L paeonol+ML385 group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kits were used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,and IL-18 in the serum of EMS mice and the culture supernatant of mEECs.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining was used to detect histopathological changes in ectopic lesion tissues of mice.Western blot experiments were conducted to detect the protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),caspase-1,gasdermin D protein N-terminal fragment(GSDMD-N),Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and quinone oxidoreductase-1(NQO-1)in ectopic lesion tissues and mEECs.The MTT method was used to detect the cell survival rate of mEECs,and the EdU staining method was used to detect the proliferation ability of mEECs.Wound healing assay and Transwell chambers were used to detect the migration and invasion abilities of mEECs,respectively.The FAM-FLICA? Caspase-1 kit was used to detect Caspase-1 levels in mEECs.AutoDock Vina software was used for molecular docking of paeonol with Nrf2 to evaluate their binding ability.Results Compared with the model group,the paeonol groups and the gestrinone group showed reduced ectopic lesion volumes in EMS mice(P<0.05),decreased serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,and IL-18,decreased expression of pyroptosis marker proteins NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,and GSDMD-N in ectopic lesion tissues,and increased expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and NQO-1.Compared with the TGF-β1 model group,the paeonol group showed reduced proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities of mEECs.Compared with the LPS model group,the paeonol group showed decreased levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,and IL-18 in mEECs,decreased expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,and GSDMD-N,and increased expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and NQO-1.In the EMS mouse model,the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 reversed the inhibitory effects of 50 mg/kg paeonol on pyroptosis and inflammatory levels in ectopic lesion tissues.In the in vitro cell model,ML385 reversed the effects of 100 μmol/L paeonol on mEECs.The binding score of paeonol with Nrf2 was-6.1 kcal/mol,and paeonol formed hydrogen bonds with the VAL-604 and LEU-365 amino acid residues of Nrf2.Conclusion Paeonol can alleviate inflammatory responses in EMS mice,reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis levels in ectopic lesion tissues,and activate the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in ectopic lesion tissues of EMS mice.

Objective To investigate the effects of paeonol on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway and pyroptosis levels in ectopic lesion tissues of endometriosis(EMS)mice and mouse endometrial epithelial cells(mEECs).Methods An allograft transplantation method was used to establish an EMS mouse model.Thirty-five Balb/c mice were divided into a sham group,a model group,a 12.5 mg/kg paeonol group,a 25 mg/kg paeonol group,a 50 mg/kg paeonol group,a 0.5 mg/kg gestrinone group(positive control group),and a 50 mg/kg paeonol+Nrf2 inhibitor ML385(30 mg/kg)group,with 5 mice in each group.mEECs were divided into a cell control group,a 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)or 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide(LPS)model group,a 50 μmol/Lpaeonol group,a 100 μmol/L paeonol group,and a 100 μmol/L paeonol+ML385 group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kits were used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,and IL-18 in the serum of EMS mice and the culture supernatant of mEECs.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining was used to detect histopathological changes in ectopic lesion tissues of mice.Western blot experiments were conducted to detect the protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),caspase-1,gasdermin D protein N-terminal fragment(GSDMD-N),Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),and quinone oxidoreductase-1(NQO-1)in ectopic lesion tissues and mEECs.The MTT method was used to detect the cell survival rate of mEECs,and the EdU staining method was used to detect the proliferation ability of mEECs.Wound healing assay and Transwell chambers were used to detect the migration and invasion abilities of mEECs,respectively.The FAM-FLICA? Caspase-1 kit was used to detect Caspase-1 levels in mEECs.AutoDock Vina software was used for molecular docking of paeonol with Nrf2 to evaluate their binding ability.Results Compared with the model group,the paeonol groups and the gestrinone group showed reduced ectopic lesion volumes in EMS mice(P<0.05),decreased serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,and IL-18,decreased expression of pyroptosis marker proteins NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,and GSDMD-N in ectopic lesion tissues,and increased expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and NQO-1.Compared with the TGF-β1 model group,the paeonol group showed reduced proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities of mEECs.Compared with the LPS model group,the paeonol group showed decreased levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,and IL-18 in mEECs,decreased expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,and GSDMD-N,and increased expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and NQO-1.In the EMS mouse model,the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 reversed the inhibitory effects of 50 mg/kg paeonol on pyroptosis and inflammatory levels in ectopic lesion tissues.In the in vitro cell model,ML385 reversed the effects of 100 μmol/L paeonol on mEECs.The binding score of paeonol with Nrf2 was-6.1 kcal/mol,and paeonol formed hydrogen bonds with the VAL-604 and LEU-365 amino acid residues of Nrf2.Conclusion Paeonol can alleviate inflammatory responses in EMS mice,reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis levels in ectopic lesion tissues,and activate the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in ectopic lesion tissues of EMS mice.

Primary intrahepatic stones (PIS) is a refractory disease with a high incidence rate in southwest China, and some patients still require surgery again or even more times after initial treatment. Many studies in recent years have shown that some specific flora can colonize in the intrahepatic bile duct, leading to chronic infection and inflammation of the biliary system, and these specific types of flora, called "stone-causing flora", can produce metabolites such as β-glucuronidase and play an important role in the formation of pigmented stones. This article analyzes the role of stone-causing flora in the pathogenesis of PIS, so as to provide more treatment options for PIS patients.

Objective:To compare the effectiveness and recurrence rate of different types of mesh or without mesh in laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair.Methods:From Jan 2016 to Mar 2022 at the three hospital 90 patients with hiatal hernia, including 26 cases without mesh, 29 cases using synthetic mesh, and 35 cases using biological mesh underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair.Results:The surgical procedures was successful in all the 90 cases without conversion to open surgeny. There were no statistically significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay among the three groups ( P>0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in hospital cost between the group without mesh and synthetic mesh and biological mesh ( P<0.05). Long-term follow-up was achieved in 87 patients, with a follow-up rate of 96.7% (87/90), and a median follow-up time of 44 months. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative complications (diarrhea, dysphagia, abdominal distension, chest pain), recurrence rate of symptoms (acid reflux, heartburn) and patient satisfaction among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair, the mesh should be carefully selected according to the specific intraoperative situation for a satisfactory clinical efficacy.