OBJECTIVE To compare the communication effect and content characteristics of the pharmaceutical science popularization account “Pharmacist Binbin” on the three platforms of TikTok， Xiaohongshu and Today’s Headlines， and explore the cross platform communication strategy of pharmaceutical science popularization videos.METHODS Quantitatively analyze the five core indicators of the “Pharmacist Binbin” science popularization account on the three major platforms （total video releases， number of followers， page views， high dissemination video related data， and platform user profile characteristics）， and systematically analyze the platform attributes and content compatibility.RESULTS TikTok， Xiaohongshu， and Today’s Headlines videos were released 478， 306， and 450 items， with 245 million views， 1.164 9 million views， and 14.167 1 million views， respectively. The following users were 535 000， 95 000， and 53 000 respectively. The gender ratio of TikTok users was relatively balanced， with the majority of users aged 31 to 40 years old， preferring “short， flat， and fast”， scene-oriented science popularization， and the highest exposure. The users of Xiaohongshu were mainly young and middle-aged women in first-tier and new first-tier cities， and content related to family and maternal and child medication is more popular. Today’s Headline users were mostly middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old， and the dissemination of chronic disease science was more effective. There was a statistically significant difference in the overall video browsing volume of the three platforms with high communication power （ H ＝44.07， P ＜0.001）. The browsing volume of TikTok was significantly higher than that of Xiaohongshu and Today’s Headlines （ P ＜0.001 after correction）， and the browsing volume of Today’s Headlines was higher than that of Xiaohongshu （ P ＜0.001 after correction）； Xiaohongshu has the highest like and collection rates， while Today’s Headline has the highest sharing and commenting rates （ P ＜0.05 after correction）. The browsing volume of hot and time-sensitive content was significantly higher than that of non-hot and time-sensitive content （ β ＝0.24， P ＝0.012）. The browsing volume of the dialogue form of one person playing two roles/personification was significantly higher than that of single-person oral explanation （ β ＝0.27， P ＝0.009）.CONCLUSIONS Science popularization videos with innovative forms， timely hot topics， and long-term demand were the main high dissemination content. According to the characteristics of different platforms， such as TikTok’s flow-driven model， Xiaohongshu’s prominent vertical demand for women and families， and Today’s Headlines demand for knowledge about chronic diseases among the middle-aged and elderly， we should establish a pharmaceutical science popularization communication matrix that focuses on each other and complements each other.

Currently, the drug delivery system (DDS) based on nanomaterials has become a hot interdisciplinary research topic. One of the core issues is drug loading and controlled release, in which the key lever is carriers. Vaterite, as an inorganic porous nano-material, is one metastable structure of calcium carbonate, full of micro or nano porous. Recently, vaterite has attracted more and more attention, due to its significant advantages, such as rich resources, easy preparations, low cost, simple loading procedures, good biocompatibility and many other good points. Vaterite, gained from suitable preparation strategies, can not only possess the good drug carrying performance, like high loading capacity and stable loading efficiency, but also improve the drug release ability, showing the better drug delivery effects, such as targeting release, pH sensitive release, photothermal controlled release, magnetic assistant release, optothermal controlled release. At the same time, the vaterite carriers, with good safety itself, can protect proteins, enzymes, or other drugs from degradation or inactivation, help imaging or visualization with loading fluorescent drugs in vitro and in vivo, and play synergistic effects with other therapy approaches, like photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and thermochemotherapy. Latterly, some renewed reports in drug loading and controlled release have led to their widespread applications in diverse fields, from cell level to clinical studies. This review introduces the basic characteristics of vaterite and briefly summarizes its research history, followed by synthesis strategies. We subsequently highlight recent developments in drug loading and controlled release, with an emphasis on the advantages, quantity capacity, and comparations. Furthermore, new opportunities for using vaterite in cell level and animal level are detailed. Finally, the possible problems and development trends are discussed.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of glofitamab in the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed. The clinical data of 11 patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL who were treated with glofitamab in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from March 2024 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received glofitamab monotherapy. Dose escalation was required in the first course, and glofitamab at a dose of 30 mg was administered from the second to the 12th course. The general data, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score, previous treatment history, therapeutic effect after medication and adverse reactions were collected.Results:Among 11 patients, there were 8 males and 3 females, with the median age [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of 60 (51, 76) years; 1 case was primary central nervous system DLBCL. The median number of prior treatment lines was 3 (2, 3) lines, and 6 cases received ≥3 lines of therapy; 1 case was double DLBCL and 3 cases was complicated with p53 mutations. The median follow-up time was 5 months (2-7 months). After treatment of the median number of glofitamab, 3 cases achieved complete remission, among which 1 case successfully bridged to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; 1 case had the stable disease and 7 cases achieved partial remission. Grade 1-2 adverse events included mild leukopenia in 3 patients, mild anemia in 4 patients, thrombocytopenia in 1 patient, and lymphopenia in 8 patients. Grade 3 hematologic adverse events included thrombocytopenia in 1 patient and severe lymphopenia in 1 patient. Non-hematological toxicities included mild rash in 1 patient, grade 1 liver dysfunction in 3 patients and inflammatory factor storm in 4 patients. No medication stop or deferral was found in patients due to severe adverse events. Conclusions:Glofitamab demonstrates a high response rate in the treatment of relapsed/refractory DLBCL, with manageable adverse events and a favorable safety.

Chemiluminescence,as a self-luminous phenomenon that does not require light,heat,acoustic,electric and magnetic excitation,has been widely used in the fields of analytical chemistry,cold light source and bio-imaging because of its advantages including high sensitivity,wide linear range,simple equipment and fast detection speed compared with other analytical techniques.Carbon dots(CDs)are a class of nanomaterials with excellent photoluminescence properties and high biocompatibility.CDs are stable,easy to prepare and abundant in types,and researchers have introduced many types of CDs into different chemiluminescence systems.In this paper,the applications of CDs in common chemiluminescence systems and the possible mechanisms of action were discussed,and the research progresses on the application of CDs in different chemiluminescence detection fields in recent years were summarized.Finally,the development trend of CDs in chemiluminescence was analyzed.

Poly(lactic-co-glycolide)(PLGA)is a key excipient in long-acting sustained-release preparations,and its degradation properties directly affect the drug release behavior.In this study,PLGA microspheres were prepared by microfluidic techniques,and the morphology changes of the microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).In alkaline environment,due to the accelerated hydrolysis of ester bonds,the surface of the microspheres was rapidly dissolved and eroded,and the degradation rate was significantly higher than that in acidic environment.High temperature accelerated the degradation of PLGA microspheres.Under neutral and alkaline conditions,the microspheres showed aggregation and adhesion.Under acidic conditions,the microspheres gradually decomposed into irregular fragments.The high ionic strength further promoted the surface corrosion of the microspheres,especially under extreme pH conditions.Simultaneously,PLGA microspheres encapsulating coumarin were prepared to simulate the microsphere formulation.The release rate of coumarin after degradation of the microspheres under different conditions was observed by measuring the absorbance with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.The results were consistent with those of the blank microspheres.This study revealed that the degradation of PLGA microspheres was significantly pH-dependent,temperature sensitive and ion strength responsive.These findings not only helped to understand and optimize the long-term stability and controlled release performance of drug-carrying microspheres,but also provided a theoretical basis for further improvement of PLGA-based drug carrier design.

As the simplest label-free single-molecule analytical technique in solution,nanopore technology has been widely used in rapid sequencing of protein and nucleic acid,and single-molecule sensing.However,the main challenge is to get this technology out of the lab and achieve automation,miniaturization as well as rapid analysis at high throughput.In this work,a new microfluidic tubing protein nanopore analysis system was designed and constructed by combining microfluidic and nanopore nanofluidic analysis techniques.An arcuate lipid bilayer was formed in the microfluidic device through lipid monolayer at the oil/water interface by developed aperture processing technology at 10 μm level.The arcuate lipid bilayer with the life span of more than 98 h had high biomimetic fluidity and biological activity by which protein channel could be produced and sealed at 18 GΩ level without leakage.When applied+40 mV potential,relative standard deviation of single proteinα-hemolysin mutant(α-HL(M113F/K147N))channel current was less than 0.16 pA(n=3)in 10 mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH 7.4)buffer containing 1 mol/L NaCl.Single-molecule detection for aptamer and its host-guest interactions with biotin in protein channel demonstrated that this microfluidic tube protein nanopore sensor could well work with high sensitivity without the need of anti-vibration table and shielding cage.

With the widespread use of antibiotics, drug-resistant bacterial infections have become a significant threat to human health. Finding new antibacterial strategies that can effectively control drug-resistant bacterial infections has become an urgent task. Unlike small molecule drugs that target bacterial proteins, antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) can target genes related to bacterial resistance, pathogenesis, growth, reproduction and biofilm formation. By regulating the expression of these genes, ASO can inhibit or kill bacteria, providing a novel approach for the development of antibacterial drugs. To overcome the challenge of delivering antisense oligonucleotide into bacterial cells, various drug delivery systems have been applied in this field, including cell-penetrating peptides, lipid nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles, which have injected new momentum into the development of antisense oligonucleotide in the antibacterial realm. This review summarizes the current development of small nucleic acid drugs, the antibacterial mechanisms, targets, sequences and delivery vectors of antisense oligonucleotide, providing a reference for the research and development of antisense oligonucleotide in the treatment of bacterial infections.

The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family is an important regulator for plant growth hormone signaling, involved in plant growth, development, as well as response to environmental stresses. In the present study, we identified SmIAA7 which is potentially associated with Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf development through comparatively analyzed the transcriptome data from different pinnate leaves. SmIAA7 was successfully isolated from S. miltiorrhiza using the specific primers. Then subsequent bioinformatic analysis, prokaryotic expression and purification, subcellular localization, and induction expression analysis under auxin and abiotic stress were performed. The full-length of SmIAA7 contained an ORF of 684 bp encoding a protein of 227 amino acid with a molecular weight of 25.3 kD. Conserved domain analysis showed that SmIAA7 contains the conserved Aux_IAA domain (pfam02309). Sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis results indicated SmIAA7 was phylogenetically close to IAA7 and IAA14 from other plants, suggesting SmIAA7 involved in plant growth and development as well as response to environmental stresses. The prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-SmIAA7 was constructed and SmIAA7 recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) strain. Subcellular localization experiment demonstrated that SmIAA7 localized in the nucleus of plant cells. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that the expression level of SmIAA7 was upregulated in response to auxin. Drought, low temperature, and salt stress significantly increased the transcript level of SmIAA7 gene. This study lays a foundation for further elucidating the role of SmIAA7 in leaf development, signal transduction, and stress defense in S. miltiorrhiza.

Biomolecular condensates are formed through phase separation of biomacromolecules such as proteins and RNAs. These condensates exhibit liquid-like properties that can futher transition into more stable material states. They form complex internal structures via multivalent weak interactions, enabling precise spatiotemporal regulations. However, the use of inconsistent and non-standardized terminology has become increasingly problematic, hindering academic exchange and the dissemination of scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the terminology related to biomolecular condensates in order to clarify concepts, promote interdisciplinary cooperation, enhance research efficiency, and support the healthy development of this field.

Aim To investigate the intervention effect of Rehmannia radix water extract on bleomycin(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice combined with metabolomics and to reveal the potential mechanism,in order to provide new ideas for clinical treatment of pul-monary fibrosis.Methods Male C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into the control group,model group,pirfenidone group(positive control,PFD,270 mg·kg-1),and low dose(DH-L,4.55 g·kg-1)group,medium dose(DH-M,9.1 g·kg-1)group and high dose(DH-H,18.2 g·kg-1)group of Rehman-nia.Except for the control group,BLM(5 mg·kg-1)was instilled into the trachea to establish the model of pulmonary fibrosis in the other groups.The survival rate,lung index and blood oxygen saturation of mice in each group were evaluated.HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue.WBP was used to detect lung function.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of primary lung cells,ROS and immune cells.ELISA was used to detect the levels of fibrosis markers and inflammatory factors(α-SMA,collagen Ⅰ,collagen Ⅲ,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IL-1 β,and IL-6).Biochemical method was employed to detect the contents of GSH-Px,T-SOD and MDA.Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer(LC-MS)metabolomics was used to analyze the changes of serum metabolic profile.Results Water extract of Re-hmannia significantly increased the survival rate,oxy-gen saturation and lung function of mice with pulmona-ry fibrosis,reduced the lung coefficient,ameliorated pathological damage and collagen deposition in lung tissue,reduced the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress,and down-regulated the levels of inflammatory factors in lung tissue.It regulated the levels of metabo-lites such as bile acid metabolism,sphingolipid metabo-lism,and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism.Conclu-sions Water extract of Rehmannia inhibits lung injury and collagen deposition in mice with pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting inflammatory response,which may be a-chieved by regulating the levels of inflammatory factors through the metabolic pathways of bile acid and sphin-golipid.