Objective:To analyze the preferences of medical staff in TCM hospitals in Beijing regarding the achievements transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations,and to provide a reference for formulating incentive policies.Methods:233 medical staff from five TCM hospitals in Beijing were taken as the research objects,and surveyed with a questionnaire designed based on the discrete choice experiment(DCE).Mixed logit models and latent class models were then used to analyze their transformation preferences.Results:The mixed Logit model revealed that seven key attributes significantly influenced medical staff's preferences for the achievements transformation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations(P<0.05).Latent class analysis identified three distinct preference groups among respondents:an organization-dependent group(27.0%),a pro-transformation group(61.4%),and a conservative group(11.6%).Conclusions:Medical Staff preferred transformation conditions that increased monthly income;utilized"human use+re-experimentation";involved the hospital's achievements transformation department as the entity;were funded by the hospital;offered a 70%profit share;enabled promotion three years earlier,and assigned patents to the hospital.The study recommends implementing diverse incentive measures and developing differentiated strategies tailored to the distinct Medical Staff categories to facilitate the transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations into new drugs.

Objective:To establish a mouse model of liver cancer resistant to PD-1 monoclonal antibody and analyze the changes in its metabolomics to explore the potential mechanism of drug resistance.Methods:BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and treatment groups after being loaded with tumor,and a normal group was additionally set up.The normal and control groups were injected with saline,and the treatment group was injected with PD-1 monoclonal antibody,after which the mice in the treatment group were screened for drug resistant and response groups.Observed the drug-resistant situation,body mass,tumor growth and survival rate of mice in each group,calculate the spleen index.The pathological features of tumor tissues were observed by HE staining method.Serum metabolites were detected by non-targeted metabolomics.Finally,a bivariate Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between the differential serum metabolites and tumor size.Results:The tumor-bearing mouse model with PD-1 monoclonal antibody resistance was successfully established,and the drug resistance rate of the mice was 50％.Compared with the normal and response groups,mice in the resistant group showed an increase in body weight,a significant increase in tumor volume,a decrease in survival rate,and a significant increase in splenic index.There was less lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor tissue.Metabolomics analysis showed that the serum levels of glutamic acid and aspartic acid increased and malic acid decreased in the resistant mice compared with the response group,and these changes were closely related to the arginine biosynthesis pathway.Conclusions:The tumor-bearing mouse model with PD-1 monoclonal antibody resistance was successfully established.The changes in its peripheral serum metabolomics mainly involve arginine metabolism and the related changes of aspartate,malate and glutamate.

Objective:To establish a mouse model of liver cancer resistant to PD-1 monoclonal antibody and analyze the changes in its metabolomics to explore the potential mechanism of drug resistance.Methods:BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and treatment groups after being loaded with tumor,and a normal group was additionally set up.The normal and control groups were injected with saline,and the treatment group was injected with PD-1 monoclonal antibody,after which the mice in the treatment group were screened for drug resistant and response groups.Observed the drug-resistant situation,body mass,tumor growth and survival rate of mice in each group,calculate the spleen index.The pathological features of tumor tissues were observed by HE staining method.Serum metabolites were detected by non-targeted metabolomics.Finally,a bivariate Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between the differential serum metabolites and tumor size.Results:The tumor-bearing mouse model with PD-1 monoclonal antibody resistance was successfully established,and the drug resistance rate of the mice was 50％.Compared with the normal and response groups,mice in the resistant group showed an increase in body weight,a significant increase in tumor volume,a decrease in survival rate,and a significant increase in splenic index.There was less lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor tissue.Metabolomics analysis showed that the serum levels of glutamic acid and aspartic acid increased and malic acid decreased in the resistant mice compared with the response group,and these changes were closely related to the arginine biosynthesis pathway.Conclusions:The tumor-bearing mouse model with PD-1 monoclonal antibody resistance was successfully established.The changes in its peripheral serum metabolomics mainly involve arginine metabolism and the related changes of aspartate,malate and glutamate.

Objective:To analyze the preferences of medical staff in TCM hospitals in Beijing regarding the achievements transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations,and to provide a reference for formulating incentive policies.Methods:233 medical staff from five TCM hospitals in Beijing were taken as the research objects,and surveyed with a questionnaire designed based on the discrete choice experiment(DCE).Mixed logit models and latent class models were then used to analyze their transformation preferences.Results:The mixed Logit model revealed that seven key attributes significantly influenced medical staff's preferences for the achievements transformation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations(P<0.05).Latent class analysis identified three distinct preference groups among respondents:an organization-dependent group(27.0%),a pro-transformation group(61.4%),and a conservative group(11.6%).Conclusions:Medical Staff preferred transformation conditions that increased monthly income;utilized"human use+re-experimentation";involved the hospital's achievements transformation department as the entity;were funded by the hospital;offered a 70%profit share;enabled promotion three years earlier,and assigned patents to the hospital.The study recommends implementing diverse incentive measures and developing differentiated strategies tailored to the distinct Medical Staff categories to facilitate the transformation of hospital traditional Chinese medicine preparations into new drugs.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) in children with leukemia, and explore its diagnosis and treatment strategies and prognosis.Methods:In this case-series study, the clinical data of 19 children who were diagnosed with leukemia complicated by PM at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.Their gender, age, type of leukemia, clinical manifestations, chest CT findings, bronchoscopy results, etiology, treatment regimens, and prognosis were summarized.The patients were divided into a survival group and a death group.The clinical data were compared between the 2 groups.Categorical variables were compared using the Fisher′s exact test, and continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.Results:A total of 19 children aged 2 to 17 years with leukemia complicated by PM were involved, including 9 boys and 10 girls, with most cases (15 cases) occurring in the autumn and winter.The median time from the first leukemia chemotherapy to infection with mucor was 1 month.Clinical manifestations mainly included fever (100%), cough (94.7%), hemoptysis (42.1%), and pneumothorax (21.1%).Chest CT findings primarily showed extensive lung consolidation (84.2%), pleural effusion (84.2%), pulmonary nodules (78.9%), halo signs (73.7%), cavitation (36.8%), crescent signs (26.3%), and reverse halo signs (21.1%).Fourteen children underwent bronchoscopy, which primarily revealed tracheal obstruction, pale or congested mucosa, mucosal edema, mucosal necrosis, bronchial stenosis, and bronchial cavitary fistulas.Mucor was detected using various methods including metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), cultures, and lung tissue microscopy.Patients were mainly treated with intravenous administration of Amphotericin B in different formulations combined with oral Posaconazole.Three patients also underwent surgical resection of the affected lung lobe in addition to medical treatment.After treatment, 14 patients had a good prognosis, while 5 patients died.The causes of death were massive hemoptysis in 2 cases, severe respiratory failure in 1 case, and treatment withdrawn due to critical condition in 2 cases.There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, type of leukemia, whether to undergo bronchoscopy and surgery, time from the first chemotherapy to onset of infection, presence of comorbid infection, chest CT characteristics, and time to start treatment between survival and death groups(all P>0.05). Conclusions:There is no specificity in clinical manifestations of leukemia complicated by PM, which, however, still exhibits some characteristics.mNGS plays a crucial role in early diagnosis.Intravenous administration of Amphotericin B combined with oral Posaconazole and surgical intervention are an effective treatment regimen.

Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.is dry whole grass of the genus Hypericum L.,is a kind of commonly used folk medicinal herbs more than 2400 years.And it is often used to treat heart disease,hemostasis,scald.Based on a review of domestic and international literature,the main chemical components of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.include PPAPs,flavonoids,and volatile oil,of which PPAPs and xanthone have received the attention of a large number of scholars because of their complex and novel structures and unique pharmacological effects.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.exerts various pharmacological activities,including anti-arrhythmia,reducing blood sugar,anti-tumor,anti-virus,anti-inflammation,as well as the treatment of depression.As a valuable folk medicine,there is relatively little related traditional Chinese medicine products,this review focus on its phytochemistry,and pharmacology,providing a comprehensive perspective and novel ideas for exploring its current and potential applications.

Objective To explore the behavioral patterns and hippocampal neurogenesis of CHD8+mice,and to provide behavioral and morphological basis for improving autism like behavior and neurogenesis.Methods Genotype of wild type(WT)and CHD8+/-mice was identified.Weight measurement was conducted on both male and female mice of the WT and CHD8+/-strains.Subsequently,a battery of behavioral tests was administered,which included three-chamber test,self-grooming test,nesting test,Y-maze spontaneous alternation test,food burial test,open-field test and light-dark transition test.Afterwards,the mice were administered 2％pentobarbital sodium(2 ml/kg)to induce anesthesia.Their brains were frozen with 4％paraformaldehyde,removed for photography and analysis to identify any alterations in brain size.Western blotting and immunofluorescent labeling were used to detect changes in the process of hippocampus neurogenesis.Results Western blotting analysis demonstrated a decrease in the amounts of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8(CHD8)protein in both male and female mice with CHD8+genotype,as compared to WT mice.There were no notable disparities in body weight between male and female WT and CHD8+mice,as well as in brain size.The three-chamber social behavior test revealed that both male and female CHD8+/-mice had social deficiencies(P＜0.05).During the open field test,there was no significant difference in the total distance moved by male and female WT and CHD8+/-mice.However,the amount of time spent in the central region was considerably lower in CHD8+/-mice compared to the WT mice(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the light-dark transition test revealed that both male and female CHD8+/-mice spent considerably less time investigating the white box compared to the WT mice(P＜0.05).Nevertheless,there were no notable alterations found in self-grooming,nesting,spontaneous alternation of Y-maze,and food burial experiments.In addition,Western blotting result demonstrated a significant drop in doublecortin(DCX)expression(P＜0.001),and immunofluorescent staining revealed a notable reduction in the number of DCX+cells(P＜0.01)in the hippocampus of CHD8+/-mice.Conclusion CHD8+/-mice exhibit social disorders and anxiety-like behaviors,with a decrease in the number of newly generated neurons in the hippocampus and neurogenesis disorders.

Objective:To explore the CT and MRI features of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) in nasal cavity and paranasal sinus.Methods:The study was a cross-sectional study. From July 2007 to August 2023, the imaging findings of 23 patients with pathologically confirmed sinonasal RDD were retrospectively analyzed in the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University. Among 23 patients, there were nine males and 14 females with 44±16 years old. Imaging features including tumor location, the extent, density, signal, enhancement pattern of tumors, bone change, abnormal lesions in peripheral lymph nodes and other regions were recorded. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of lesions in patients performed diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were measured.Results:For the 23 cases, totally 20 patients showed bilateral sinonasal involvement and three patients had unilateral lesions. Totally nine patients had lesions confined to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, and 14 patients had lesions with extrasinonasal invasion, including orbit (6 cases), nasolacrimal duct (9 cases), anterior skull base (3 cases), nasal dorsum subcutaneous tissue (2 cases) and hard palate (1 case). Soft tissue lesions on the posterior wall of the subglottic trachea were found in 2 cases and intracranial lesions were found in 1 case. Totally 10 patients were accompanied by lymph nodes enlargement. The lesions showed isodense on all 20 non-contrast enhanced CT images, and mild enhancement in three cases, moderate enhancement in seven cases and significant enhancement in seven cases on CT enhancement images. Bone changes were found in 19 of 20 patients on CT, showing mild bone destruction in five cases and bone destruction with hyperplasia in 14 cases. The lesions showed isointense on T 1WI in all 14 cases. The lesions were graded as isointense in nine cases, hypointense in four cases and hyperintense in one case on T 2WI. The lesions displayed moderate to obvious homogeneous enhancement on enhanced MRI. The lesions showed significant diffusion limitation and ADC value was (0.66±0.08)×10 -3 mm 2/s in 11 cases on DWI. Conclusions:The CT and MRI imaging characteristics of sinonasal RDD are diffuse masses on both sides of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, accompanied by bone hyperplasia. The lesions show isointense or hypointense on T 2WI, and may involve adjacent tissues and may be accompanied by lymph nodes enlargement in the retropharyngeal and neck.

Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.is dry whole grass of the genus Hypericum L.,is a kind of commonly used folk medicinal herbs more than 2400 years.And it is often used to treat heart disease,hemostasis,scald.Based on a review of domestic and international literature,the main chemical components of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.include PPAPs,flavonoids,and volatile oil,of which PPAPs and xanthone have received the attention of a large number of scholars because of their complex and novel structures and unique pharmacological effects.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.exerts various pharmacological activities,including anti-arrhythmia,reducing blood sugar,anti-tumor,anti-virus,anti-inflammation,as well as the treatment of depression.As a valuable folk medicine,there is relatively little related traditional Chinese medicine products,this review focus on its phytochemistry,and pharmacology,providing a comprehensive perspective and novel ideas for exploring its current and potential applications.

Nigella sativa L. seeds have been traditionally utilized in Chinese folk medicine for centuries to treat vitiligo. This study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L. (HZC) enhances melanogenesis and mitigates oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and dysfunction in melanocytes. In accordance with established protocols, the ethanol fraction from Nigella sativa L. seeds was extracted, concentrated, and lyophilized to evaluate its herbal effects via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, tyrosinase activity evaluation, measurement of cellular melanin contents, scratch assays, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot analysis for expression profiling of experimentally relevant proteins. The results indicated that HZC significantly enhanced tyrosinase activity and melanin content while notably increasing the protein expression levels of Tyr, Mitf, and gp100 in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, HZC effectively mitigated oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence, improved melanocyte condition, and rectified various functional impairments associated with melanocyte dysfunction. These findings suggest that HZC increases melanin synthesis in melanocytes through the activation of the MAPK, PKA, and Wnt signaling pathways. In addition, HZC attenuates oxidative damage induced by H₂O₂ therapy by activating the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway and enhancing the activity of downstream antioxidant enzymes, thus preventing premature senescence and dysfunction in melanocytes.
Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Melanocytes/cytology* ; Cellular Senescence/drug effects* ; Nigella sativa/chemistry* ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology* ; Seeds/chemistry* ; Mice ; Animals ; Melanins/metabolism* ; Monophenol Monooxygenase/metabolism* ; Humans