Objective :To study sympathetic activity in aged patients with essential hypertension (EH) complicated left ven-tricular hypertrophy (LVH).Methods : A total of 248 aged EH patients were selected from our hospital from Jun 2015 to Jun 2017- According to blood pressure level ,they were divided into EH stage 1 group (n＝78) ,stage 2 group (n＝89) and stage 3 group (n＝81).According to presence of LVH ,patients were divided into no LVH group (n＝122) and complicat-ed LVH group (n＝126).According to blood pressure level ,LVH patients were divided into stage 1 group (n＝28) ,stage 2 group (n＝41) and stage 3 group (n＝57).Another 130 healthy aged people undergoing physical examination were regar-ded as normal aged group .Plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) contents were measured and compared among all groups ,and 24h DCG was performed.Results :Compared with normal aged group ,there were significant rise in plasma contents of NE [ (238-33 ± 18-04) ng／L vs.(312-90 ± 23-20) ng／L ,(279-28 ± 20-85) ng／L] ,E [ (262-86 ± 24-56) ng／L vs.(366-57 ± 25-53) ng／L ,(301-20 ± 23-80) ng／L] in complicated LVH group and no LVH group ( P＝0-001 all) ,and plasma NE and E contents gradually and significantly rose along with blood pressure stage rose , P＝0-001 all. Compared with normal aged group ,there was significant rise in mean heart rate [ (64-80 ± 5-40) beats／min vs.(69-02 ± 4-56) beats／min ,(66-72 ± 4-98) beats／min] in complicated LVH group and no LVH group ( P＝0-001 ,0-017) ;signif-icant reductions in SDNN [ (122-07 ± 7-73) ms vs.(109-51 ± 8-13) ms ,(99-25 ± 7-89) ms] ,SDANN [ (111-72 ± 13-33) ms vs.(103-52 ± 10-41) ms ,(94-78 ± 8-75) ms] ,rMSSD [ (43-98 ± 6-31) ms vs.(37-25 ± 6-42) ms ,(32-05 ± 5-19) ms] and PNN50 [ (7-67 ± 0-71)% vs.(5-41 ± 0-67)%,(3-39 ± 0-63)%] in no LVH group and complicated LVH group , P＝0-001 all ,above indexes gradually and significantly reduced along with blood pressure stage rose , P＝0-001 all.Conclusion :Sympathetic activity significantly elevates in aged EH + LVH patients.Controlling sympathetic ac-tivity will help to improve prognosis .

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the survival trends and patterns of failure in patients with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy over the last 20 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight hundred and eight patients diagnosed with stage II NPC between January 1990 and December 2012 were involved in this retrospective cohort study. All patients were treated with RT. According to the main imaging techniques and RT technology, we categorized these patients into four calendar periods: 1990-1996, 1997-2002, 2003-2007, and 2008-2012. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS) were served as the clinical outcome. RESULTS: After a median follow-up period of 84.7 months, we observed increasing trends in survival and disease control. The 3- and 5-year OS rates increased from 87.1% and 78.7% in the first calendar period to 97.4% and 94.5% in the last calendar period, respectively (p<0.001). Additionally, significant increasing trends could be seen in the PFS and LRFS during the four calendar periods. In the subgroup analysis, the LRFS in patients older than 50 years at diagnosis showed greater improvement than younger patients. However, the rate of distant metastasis was stable and relatively low, as the 5-year DMFS ranged from 90.5% to 94.7% among the four calendar periods. CONCLUSION: The survival rates in patients with stage II NPC showed increasing trends from 1990 to 2012. The advance of RT provided excellent locoregional control and enhanced OS.
Cohort Studies ; Diagnosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Owing to the multifactorial nature of the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), conventional drug therapies have not been effective. The application of stem cells transplantation may be useful for the treatment of DPN. This study was designed to assess the safety and therapeutic effects of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) transplantation on the treatment of refractory DPN. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-eight patients with refractory DPN were recruited and enrolled in the study. They received intramuscular injection of BMMNCs and followed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months after the transplantation. Clinical data, Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS), and nerve conduction studies (NCSs) were compared before and after the transplantation. RESULTS: The signs and symptoms of neuropathy were significantly improved after BMMNCs transplantation. The values of the TCSS scores at 1 month (9.68 ± 2.49 vs. 12.55 ± 2.19, P < 0.001) and 3 months (8.47 ± 2.39 vs. 12.55 ± 2.19, P < 0.001) after the treatment reduced significantly compared with the baseline value. This decrement remained persistent until the end of the study. The conduction velocity and action potential and sensory nerves were significantly improved after transplantation (3 and 12 months after the treatment vs. the baseline: motor nerve conduction velocity, 40.24 ± 2.80 and 41.00 ± 2.22 m/s vs. 38.21 ± 2.28 m/s, P < 0.001; sensory nerve conduction velocity, 36.96 ± 2.26 and 39.15 ± 2.61 m/s vs. 40.41 ± 2.22 m/s, P < 0.001; compound muscle action potential, 4.67 ± 1.05 and 5.50 ± 1.20 μV vs. 5.68 ± 1.08 μV, P < 0.001; sensory nerve action potential, 4.29 ± 0.99 and 5.14 ± 1.26 μV vs. 5.41 ± 1.14 μV, P < 0.001). No adverse event associated with the treatment was observed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Autologous transplantation of BMMNCs may be an effective and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of refractory DPN.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation, Autologous ; methods

The randomized controlled trials( RCTs) about modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction in the treatment of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease( AECOPD) were collected from 7 databases( PubMed,CNKI,etc.) till December25,2018 from their inception. All the studies searched were strictly evaluated and independently screened by two researchers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the methodological quality of included studies was evaluated. In order to systematically review the efficacy and safety of modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction for treating AECOPD,the Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis were conducted by using Stata/SE 14. 0 and TSA 0. 9. 5. 10 Beta,respectively. A total of 22 RCTs involving 2 012 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis suggested that: as compared with the control group,the clinical symptoms in AECOPD patients were improved( RR = 1. 19,95%CI[1. 15,1. 24],P = 0); the pulmonary functions including forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV_1)( SMD= 0. 96,95%CI[0. 39,1. 52],P= 0. 001),the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV_1%)( SMD =0. 80,95%CI[0. 20,1. 41],P = 0. 009),forced vital capacity( FVC)( SMD = 0. 69,95% CI[0. 06,1. 31],P = 0. 032),first seconds breathing volume percentage of forced vital capacity( FEV_1/FVC) were improved( SMD = 0. 81,95%CI[0. 64,0. 97],P = 0);the arterial oxygen partial pressure( PaO_2) was improved( SMD= 0. 87,95%CI[0. 41,1. 32],P= 0); the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide( PaCO_2) was decreased( SMD =-0. 91,95%CI[-1. 33,-0. 49],P = 0) in the trial group. In addition,the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was low,and there were no serious adverse events. The trial sequential analysis( TSA) showed that the studies included in the improvement of clinical efficacy had passed the conventional and TSA threshold at the same time,further confirming the efficacy of trial group. This research showed that,conventional Western medicine treatment,combined with modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction in treating acute exacerbation patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease could improve the clinical efficiency and pulmonary functions,improve the PaO_2,decrease the PaCO_2,with a high safety. However,the quality of existing research is low,requiring more high quality clinical trials for further validation.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is one of the Chinese herbal medicine being susceptible to aflatoxins contamination. To investigate the sources of aflatoxins contamination and toxigenic fungi species on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,32 samples were collected from multiple steps during the post-harvest processing in this study. Aflatoxins in these samples were determined by immunoaffinity column and HPLC coupled with post-column photochemical derivatization. The dilution-plate method was applied to the fungi isolation. The isolated fungi strains were identified by morphological characterization and molecular approaches. The results showed that aflatoxins were detected in 28 samples from every step during the processing of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Three samples were detected with aflatoxin B_1 and 2 samples with both aflatoxin B_1 and total aflatoxin exceeding the limit of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Especially the samples from the washing step,with the highest detected amounts of AFB_1 and AFs were reached 94. 79,121. 43 μg·kg~(-1),respectively. All 32 samples were contaminated by fungi. The fungal counts on the newly harvested samples were 2. 20 × 10~2 CFU·g~(-1). Moreover,it increased as tphreocessing progresses,and achieved 1. 16×10~6 CFU·g~(-1) after washing. A total of 321 isolates were identified to 17 genera. Aspergillus flavus was the main source of aflatoxins during the processing and storage of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. One isolate of A. flavus was confirmed producing AFB_1 and AFB_2. The fungal count was significantly increased by composting,and Aspergillus was the predominant genus after shell breaking. The contamination level of aflatoxins was increased by composting and washing.
Aflatoxins ; analysis ; Aspergillus ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Seeds ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

To search for the active diuretic fractions of Clematidis Armandii Caulis( CAC) and determine its main active chemical components by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( LC-MS) and diuretic activity evaluation. CAC 75% ethanol extracts and extracts from different polar solvents were orally administered to saline-loaded rats at different doses. 6 h urinary volume,p H and contents of electrolyte Na+,K+and Cl-were measured. The chemical components of the active fractions were separated and identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry( UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) method. As compared with the control group,the urine volume was increased by 44%( P< 0. 01) and 34%( P < 0. 05) in CAC75% ethanol extract 57. 74 and 28. 8 mg·kg-1 groups respectively; the Na+excretion was increased by 52%( P< 0. 01) and 45%( P<0. 05),respectively; while the Cl-excretion was increased by 101%( P<0. 01) and 85%( P<0. 05),respectively. The urine volume,Na+excretion and Cl-excretion were increased by 50%( P< 0. 01),58%( P< 0. 05),and 65%( P< 0. 05) respectively in petroleum ether extract 70. 98 mg·kg-1 group as compared with the control group. While for the n-butanol extract 194. 18 mg·kg-1 group,the urine volume,Na+and Cl-excretion were increased by 42%( P<0. 01),41%( P<0. 05) and 97%( P<0. 01),respectively. The diuretic activity of other fractions was not obvious. There was no statistical difference in K+excretion in all groups. The results of LC-MS analysis showed that six compounds,including two sterols,one chromogen and three fatty acids,were identified from petroleum ether extract.Fourteen compounds,including six triterpenoid saponins,six lignin glycosides,one sterol glycoside and one phenolic glycoside,were identified from the n-butanol extract. All the results suggested that the ethanol extract of CAC had remarkable diuretic activity and its main effective components included sterol,triterpenoid saponin and lignin glycosides.
Animals ; Ascomycota ; chemistry ; Diuretics ; pharmacology ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Solvents ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A total of 27 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from Huperzia serrata,which were richly distributed in the stems and leaves while less distributed in roots. The 27 strains were identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer( ITS) r DNA molecular method and one of the strains belongs to Basidiomycota phylum,and other 26 stains belong to 26 species,9 general,6 families,5 orders,3 classes of Ascomycota Phylum. The dominant strains were Colletotrichum genus,belonging to Glomerellaceae family,Glomerellales order,Sordariomycetes class,Ascomycota Phylum,with the percentage of 48. 15%. The inhibitory activities of the crude extracts of 27 endophytic fungal strains against acetylcholinesterase( ACh E) and nitric oxide( NO) production were evaluated by Ellman's method and Griess method,respectively. Crude extracts of four fungi exhibited inhibitory activities against ACh E with an IC50 value of 42. 5-62. 4 mg·L~(-1),and some fungi's crude extracts were found to inhibit nitric oxide( NO) production in lipopolysaccharide( LPS)-activated RAW264. 7 macrophage cells with an IC50 value of 2. 2-51. 3 mg·L~(-1),which indicated that these fungi had potential anti-inflammatory activities.The chemical composition of the Et OAc extract of endophytic fungus HS21 was also analyzed by LCMS-IT-TOF. Seventeen compounds including six polyketides,four diphenyl ether derivatives and seven meroterpenoids were putatively identified.
Acetylcholinesterase ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ascomycota ; chemistry ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Huperzia ; microbiology ; Mice ; RAW 264.7 Cells

OBJECTIVE: To explore infection rate of different adeno-associated virus (AAV) on knee joint cartilage in mice and to find a good gene editing tool for mice chondrocytes of knee joint. METHODS: Forty-five 4-week-old SPF C57BL/6 weighed(14.3±0.2) g were selected. According to different injections(6 μl) for right knee joint, mice were divided into 9 different groups, 5 mice in each group. The groups were such as following:control group (normal saline), Vigene 2 group (AAV2 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Vigene 5 group (AAV5 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Vigene 6 group (AAV6 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Vigene 7 group (AAV7 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Vigene 8 group (AAV8 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Vigene 9 group (AAV9 from vigene biosciences, titer for 1×10¹³ vg/ml), Hanbio DJ group(AAV2-DJ from Hanbio, titer for 1×10¹² vg/ml), Hanbio 5 group (AAV5 from Hanbio, titer for 1×10¹² vg/ml). All AAVs were over-expressed green fluorescent protein(GFP). Knee joint specimens were taken and observed injury of cartilage under stereomicroscope at 30 days after injection, then 10 μm thick frozen sections were prepared. Distribution of green fluorescent protein of meniscus and cartilage of knee joint was observed under fluorescence microscope. RESULTS: Stereomicroscope observation indicated that no obvious lesion was observed in knee joint cartilage of mice after intra-articular injection of AAV. According to frozen sections of knee joints, strong green fluorescence was observed in knee joint cartilage in all AAV experimental groups. Compared with other groups, significantly stronger green fluorescence were observed both in AAV2 and AAV7 groups, whose average fluorescence density was 0.077±0.020 and 0.061±0.022. There were significant differences between two groups and other groups. CONCLUSIONS AAV could infect chondrocyte of knee joint in vivo by injecting into knee joint cavity. Higher infection efficiency of AAV2 and AAV7 on knee joint cartilage were observed. Local injection of AAV into knee joint cavity could be used as an effective tool for gene editing of knee joint chondrocyte.
Animals ; Cartilage ; Dependovirus ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Knee Joint ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Recently, the joint replacement has gradually become a common operation of orthopedics. It's also the hot spot in current investigations. The increasing number of reports about the 3D printing technology such as patient-specific instrumentation(PSI) is applied to hip and knee replacement. It plays an important role in supporting operation especially for complex cases. However, it is still at the primary stage. This article reviews the relevant literature, analyzes and collates the research status of the application of 3D printing PSI in total knee arthroplasty, and summarizes its effectiveness in the application of knee arthroplasty from the aspects of individual preoperative planning, intraoperative operation and postoperative functional recovery, especially complex knee surgery such as obesity and knee deformity. The necessity of clinical application is discussed, and the existing problems and controversies in the current clinical application are summarized in order to provide references for the future research direction and clinical application.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Knee Prosthesis ; Postoperative Period ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

OBJECTIVE: To establish a novel method to isolate endothelial progenitor cells（EPC） from cryopreserved umbilical cord blood (cryoUCB), to investigate the biological characteristics of EPC and to improve the rate of EPC obtained from cryoUCB. METHODS: Twelve cryoUCB samples during 2000 to 2001 years were collected from allogeneic cord blood bank, cryoUCB was thawed rapidly in a water bath at 37 ℃, total nucleated cells (TNCs) were washed by phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). TNCs were seeded onto fibronectin-coated dishes to isolate EPC. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to identify EPC. The function of EPC was identified in vitro, such as the incorporation of Dil-Ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-I, the formation of capillary-like structure in matrigel, and the release of VEGF by ELISA. RESULTS: One to five cluster of cobble stone-like cells appeared at 2-3 weeks after seeding. Flow cytometric analysis showed that positive rates of CD31, CD34, CD144, and VEGFR (CD309) were（92.91±5.20）%, （30.0±23.27）%, （88.55±3.83）% and （67.21±12.12）% in passage 1 to passage 3 of EPC. EPC could uptake Dil-Ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-I, form capillary-like network on Matriget and release VEGF. CONCLUSION EPC had been successfully isolated from cryopreserved umbilical cord blood by this method with high stability and reproducibility. EPC can be obtained in 85% frozen umbilical cord blood. This method may lay a foundation to supply abundant EPC for clinical application.
Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Progenitor Cells ; Fetal Blood ; Reproducibility of Results ; Stem Cells