This article aims to explore the effect and mechanism of Liujunzi Pills on the intestinal microbiota of rats with spleen Qi deficiency syndrome. The raw Rhei Radix et Rhizoma water extract(1 g·mL~(-1)) was used to prepare spleen Qi deficiency rat models. A total of 44 SD male rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, Liujunzi Pills groups at high(3.24 g·kg~(-1)), medium(1.62 g·kg~(-1)), low(0.81 g·kg~(-1)) doses, and Shenling Baizhu San(2.50 g·kg~(-1)) group. The drug effect was evaluated by observing the following aspects: spleen index, fecal water content, body weight, and intestinal propulsion index. Gut microbiota analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were conducted on feces. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and UV spectrophotometry were used to detect interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) levels in small intestine tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy were employed to observe changes in intestinal pathology and microstructure. The results show that, compared with the control group, fecal moisture content is significantly increased while spleen index, body weight, and intestinal propulsion index are significantly reduced in rats of the model group, indicating the successful establishment of the model. The above symptoms can be improved by both Shenling Baizhu San and Liujunzi Pills. Compared with the control group, in the model group, the gut microbiota abundance is changed with an unbalanced development: the abundance of beneficial bacteria within the Bacteroidetes phylum is reduced, accompanied by a significantly decreased Shannon index, and reduced signal levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-related enzymes relevant to mitochondria. However, Liujunzi Pills and Shenling Baizhu San can significantly improve the Bacteroidetes phylum abundance in gut microbiota, microbial diversity, and NADPH activity in the model group. Additionally, compared with the control group, the ATP level is decreased and the IL-1β level is increased in small intestinal tissues of the model group, with shorter small intestinal epithelial villi and decreased mitochondrial number. The above symptoms can be improved by Liujunzi Pills and Shenling Baizhu San. In conclusion, Liujunzi Pills can treat spleen Qi deficiency syndrome by enhancing mitochondrial function to regulate gut microbiota balance and diversity.
Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Qi ; Spleen/metabolism* ; Splenic Diseases/metabolism* ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta/genetics* ; Bacteria/drug effects* ; Feces/microbiology* ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of adult AML patients with NUP98::HOXA9 fusion gene. METHODS: From May 2017 to October 2023， among 2 113 AML patients who visited the Hematology Department of our hospital, patients with NUP98 rearrangements were screened. The clinical characteristics, chromosome karyotypes, immunophenotypes, gene mutations, treatment efficacy and prognosis of the patients with NUP98::HOXA9 positive were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 2 113 AML patients, there were 18 cases with NUP98 rearrangement, including 14 NUP98::HOXA9 positive cases, with a detection rate of 0.66% (14/2 113). The median age of the NUP98::HOXA9 positive patients was 42.5 (23-64) years old. The most common chromosome karyotype was t(7; 11)(p15; p15). The immunophenotypes of all patients expressed CD13, CD33, CD117 and CD38, and most patients expressed CD34 and cMPO, while only a few expressed HLA-DR. Second-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to detect genetic mutations associated with leukemia in all 14 patients, and the genes exhibiting a high frequency of mutation were WT1 (10/14), TET2 (7/14), and FLT3-ITD (6/14). Additionally, mutations were also observed in KRAS/NRAS, IDH1, and KIT. Of the 13 patients who received treatment, 9 achieved complete remission (CR), and all 3 patients who received azacytidine(AZA)+ venetoclax (VEN) regimen achieved CR after the first course of treatment. Within this cohort, 6 patients were classified as relapsed/refractory (6/13). 4 patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), of which two achieved long-term survival. The median follow-up time was 12 (2.1-65.0) months, while the median overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were recorded as 11.4 months and 9.6 months, respectively. CONCLUSION The most common type of NUP98 rearrangement in adults AML patients is NUP98::HOXA9 , which is often accompanied by somatic mutations in WT1, TET2, and FLT3-ITD. These patients are prone to relapse, have short survival time, and generally face poor prognoses. Hopefully, utilization of the AZA+VEN regimen is anticipated to enhance the rate of induced remission in the patients, and some patients may prolong their survival through allo-HSCT. However, more effective treatment methods are still needed to improve the overall prognosis of these patients.
Humans ; Adult ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics* ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics* ; Mutation ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy between microscopic varicocelectomy and laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the treatment of varicocele（VC）with male infertility. METHODS: A total of 307 patients who were diagnosed with VC complicated with male infertility and admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2018 to October 2022 were recruited for retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into the microscopic group (180 cases) and laparoscopic group (127 cases) according to the surgery method. The pre- and postoperative clinical data of these two groups were analyzed, including the degree of dilatation and reflux time of internal spermatic vein，hemodynamic parameters of testicular capsular artery，proportion of progressive motility spermatozoa (PR), concentration of spermatozoa, proportion of normal morphology sperm，the pregnancy outcome of spouses and the incidence of complications related with surgery within 2 years postoperatively. RESULTS: All the surgeries for the 307 patients in this study were successful. There was no significant difference in operation time, hospitalization time and management expenses between the microscopic group and the laparoscopic group (P>0.05). Compared to the patients in laparoscopic group, the patients in the microscopic group received a better improvement in venous diameter, reflux time of spermatic veins and hemodynamic parameters of testicular capsular artery (P<0.05). Moreover, the semen analysis showed that the PR, spermatozoa concentration and proportion of normal morphology sperm in the microscopic group were also obviously increased than those in the laparoscopic group (P<0.05). During the 2-year follow-up period, the conception rate of spouses in the microscopic group was 67.2%, while only 47.2% in the laparoscopic group, in which the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Besides, the time-to-pregnancy ( TTP ) within 2 years postoperatively in the microscopic group was significantly shorter than that in the laparoscopic group（P<0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the microscopic group was also significantly lower than that in the laparoscopic group (P<0.05). It is worth mentioned that the spontaneous conception rate of spouses with successful pregnancy in the microscopic group was also significantly higher than that in the laparoscopic group (P<0.05). Severe complication such as testicular atrophy, bleeding and infection did not appear in both of two groups. However, the incidences of testicular hydrocele and recurrence of VC postoperatively in the laparoscopic group were significantly higher than those in the microscopic group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both microscopic varicocelectomy and laparoscopic varicocelectomy can be applied to the management of VC combined with male infertility. But microscopic varicocelectomy showed better clinical efficacy in improving the testicular hemodynamic parameters, semen quality, pregnancy outcome and postoperative complications, which is worthy of further clinical applications.
Humans ; Male ; Varicocele/complications* ; Laparoscopy ; Infertility, Male/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Microsurgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Pregnancy ; Female

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

As a new generation of time-of-flight mass spectrometry,multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MR-TOF-MS)has been increasingly applied in the fields such as nuclear physics,chemistry,and biology due to its ultra-high resolution and rapid analysis capabilities.However,the analytical performance of MR-TOF-MS largely depends on the ion bunch state entering the mass analyzer.In this study,a rectangular ion trap(RIT)was developed,designed and processed using printed circuit board technology,as an ion accumulating and focusing device for MR-TOF mass analyzer.Compared to traditional ion traps composed of two sets of planar electrodes,this RIT had higher voltage utilization efficiency,resulting in more efficient ion collection and focusing.The ions were cooled to a sufficiently small bunch for precise mass measurement with MR-TOF-MS mass spectrometry in only 1 ms of cooling time in the RIT,then orthogonally ejected to the MR-TOF mass spectrometer for mass analysis.Experimental results indicated that the working cycle,ion flux,and ion focusing state of the RIT fully met the requirements of the MR-TOF mass analyzer.When coupled with the MR-TOF mass analyzer,the RIT enabled MR-TOF-MS to achieve a mass resolution of 1.5×105.

Objective To investigate the density,species composition,and seasonal prevalence of domestic rodents in different habitats within Lanzhou garrisons,providing basic information for rodent prevention and control.Methods A total of 12 monitoring sites were sampled across urban,suburban,and rural residential areas from 2014 to 2022.Rodent density was monitored using the night-trapping method in the middle of odd-numbered months.Results From 2014 to 2022,346 domestic rodents were captured using 122 035 effective traps,with an average domestic rodent density of 0.28％.The highest domestic rodent density was 0.63％in 2016,and the lowest was 0.07％in 2020,showing significant differences across years,with an overall trend of initially decreasing and then increasing(χ2=136.555,P<0.001).The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus,accounting for 83.24％of the total rodents captured.Rattus norvegicus accounted for a relatively high proportion across different years,with a statistically significant difference in species composition(χ2=20.931,P<0.05).Rodent densities and species composition also varied significantly among the monitored habitats(P<0.001),with the highest densities observed in rural residential areas and the lowest in urban areas.Seasonal variation in rodent densities showed a bimodal pattern,with smaller peaks in January or March and a larger peak in July.Conclusions Domestic rodent density in Lanzhou garrisons has shown an upward trend in the past few years.Rodent control measures should focus on barracks in rural residential areas,with targeted interventions to reduce the risk of rodent-borne diseases.

Objective To investigate the population composition,seasonal dynamics,and infestation levels of cockroaches in Lanzhou,China,and to provide information for the scientific development of cockroach control strategies.Methods Monitoring was conducted at three locations using the sticky trap method.Habitats included farm product markets,catering establishments,hotels,hospitals,and residential areas.Results From 2016 to 2023,the average cockroach density was 0.77 insects per board,with an average infestation rate of 10.84%.Blattella germanica was the dominant species.Seasonal density of cockroaches showed an approximately unimodal distribution,peaking in September.The highest average density and infestation rates were observed in farm product markets.Conclusions Cockroach density and infestation levels in Lanzhou remained relatively low.A comprehensive prevention and control strategy focusing on environmental management in key areas should be implemented according to the seasonal fluctuations.

Objective: To investigate the daily learning time status of elementary school students and understand the implementation of Health Requirements of Daily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students (GB/T 17223-2012) in schools, so as to provide a reference for strengthening and improving school health and health education in the new era. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 7 776 primary school students in Shandong Province, and a survey questionnaire was designed based on the Health Requirements for Dayily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012) standard to investigate their daily learning arrangements, sleep and physical activities, and breaks between classes. Comparison of intergroup differences were used by Chi square test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: About 55.88 % of primary school students for daily learning time met the standard. There was a statistically significant difference in the daily learning time achievement rate among primary school students in three grades for first and second grade, third and fourth grade and fifth and sixth grade ( Z=1 629.47, P <0.01), and the fifth and sixth grade had the highest proportion of achieving the standard (85.92%). Specifically, the proportions of students whose class hours, class numbers and morning reading time meeting the standards were 30.07%, 10.20% and 42.19%, respectively. The sleep deficiency rate of primary school studnets was 58.69%, and the physical activity deficiency rate was 65.78%; and there was a statistically significant difference in the rate of insufficient sleep time and physical activity time among primary school students of different grades ( χ 2=56.39, 95.95, P <0.01), with sixth grade students showing the highest rates for both sleep and physical activity deficiencies (64.35%, 73.37%). Additionally, 49.78% of students had recess time below the standard requirements. Conclusion The health status of daily learning time among primary school students in Shandong Province is poor, with insufficient implementation of school standards, and the implementation of standards needs to be further strengthened.

Objective To develop liver cancer-targeted nanoparticles(LA-CMGL)co-loaded with miR-145/camp-tothecin(CPT)and assess their targeting specificity,combined anti-tumor effects,and magnetic resonance imaging efficacy.Methods Laser scanning confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were utilized to evaluate the targeted uptake of lactobionic acid-modified and unmodified nanoparticles by HepG2 cells and HepaRG cells;quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)was employed to assess miR-145 content in tumor cells and tissues.The cytotox-icity of CPT,LA-CPT-LNPs and LA-CMGL on HepG2 cells were assessed using the CCK-8 assay.qPCR was also used to evaluate the effect of CPT,LA-CPT-LNPs and LA-CMGL on apoptosis of HepG2 cells.MRI was performed to measure the relaxation rate of LA-CMGL and evaluate its targeting imaging effect on liver cancer cells.Results The uptake rate of LA-CMGL by HepG2 cells surpassed that of CMGL significantly.The relative miR-145 content in liver cancer cells and mouse liver cancer tissues in the LA-CMGL group was markedly higher compared to free miR-145 and CMGL groups(P＜0.001).The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells in the LA-CMGL group exceeded that in the CMGL group and CPT group(P＜0.01).At the same Gd3+concentration,the relaxation rate of LA-CMGL significantly surpassed that of Gd-DOTA,and the MRI signal of LA-CMGL in HepG2 cells markedly increased com-pared to CMGL and Gd-DOTA.Conclusion LA-CMGL exhibits promising liver cancer-targeted delivery,com-bined anti-tumor effects,and MRI liver cancer cell-targeted imaging,offering a novel avenue for combined drug/gene therapy for liver cancer.