Aim To investigate the role of RNF8 in the proliferation,invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma and in the promotion of epithelial-mesenchy-mal transition(EMT);to clarify the regulatory mecha-nism of RNF8 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of RNF8 and RhoA in human hepatocel-lular carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues;Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of RNF8 and RhoA in human normal hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.RNF8 was overex-pressed in HepG2 cells,and siRNA interference was used to downregulate the expression of RNF8.The cell experimental groups were as follows:control group(Control,normal HepG2 cells),RNF8 overexpression group,RNF8 low expression group(siRNA RNF8),RNF8 overexpression+Rhosin(20 μmol·L-1,RhoA blocker)group.The cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 method;the cell migration ability was detected by scratch test;the cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell test;finally,the expression levels of RNF8,RhoA,PCNA,CyclinD1,N-cadherin,vimentin,Slug,and E-cadherin proteins and mRNA were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.Results The expression of RNF8 and RhoA in liver cancer tissues and liver cancer cells significantly increased;after RNF8 knockdown,the proliferation,migration,in-vasion and EMT of liver cancer cells were significantly inhibited,while overexpression of RNF8 significantly increased the proliferation,migration,invasion ability of liver cancer cells and promoted EMT.RhoA showed a positive correlation with knockdown and overexpression of RNF8.When RNF8 was overexpressed and RhoA blocker was given at the same time,the phenomenon of overexpression of RNF8 increasing the proliferation,mi-gration,invasion ability and promoting EMT of liver cancer cells was significantly reversed.Conclusions RNF8 can promote the proliferation,migration,invasion and EMT of liver cancer cells,and at the same time promote the expression of RhoA.RNF8 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating RhoA to promote EMT.

Aim To investigate the role of RNF8 in the proliferation,invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma and in the promotion of epithelial-mesenchy-mal transition(EMT);to clarify the regulatory mecha-nism of RNF8 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of RNF8 and RhoA in human hepatocel-lular carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues;Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of RNF8 and RhoA in human normal hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.RNF8 was overex-pressed in HepG2 cells,and siRNA interference was used to downregulate the expression of RNF8.The cell experimental groups were as follows:control group(Control,normal HepG2 cells),RNF8 overexpression group,RNF8 low expression group(siRNA RNF8),RNF8 overexpression+Rhosin(20 μmol·L-1,RhoA blocker)group.The cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 method;the cell migration ability was detected by scratch test;the cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell test;finally,the expression levels of RNF8,RhoA,PCNA,CyclinD1,N-cadherin,vimentin,Slug,and E-cadherin proteins and mRNA were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.Results The expression of RNF8 and RhoA in liver cancer tissues and liver cancer cells significantly increased;after RNF8 knockdown,the proliferation,migration,in-vasion and EMT of liver cancer cells were significantly inhibited,while overexpression of RNF8 significantly increased the proliferation,migration,invasion ability of liver cancer cells and promoted EMT.RhoA showed a positive correlation with knockdown and overexpression of RNF8.When RNF8 was overexpressed and RhoA blocker was given at the same time,the phenomenon of overexpression of RNF8 increasing the proliferation,mi-gration,invasion ability and promoting EMT of liver cancer cells was significantly reversed.Conclusions RNF8 can promote the proliferation,migration,invasion and EMT of liver cancer cells,and at the same time promote the expression of RhoA.RNF8 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating RhoA to promote EMT.

AIM:To observe the toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)on cornea by constructing intoxicated model in vivo and in vitro.METHODS:Human corneal epithelial cells(HCEpiC)were cultured in vitro and exposed to different concentrations(0.5, 5, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 250 μg/mL)of ZnO NPs for 24h. The cell culture medium without nano-solution was used as the blank control group. The viability of the cells was assessed by MTT assay. Three different concentrations(25, 50 and 100 μg/mL)of ZnONPs dispersions were exposed to the conjunctival sac of anesthetized mice three times a day for 7d consecutively. The phosphate buffered saline(PBS)eye group was the PBS control group. Corneal morphology was observed on 1, 3, 5 and 7d, and the eyes were removed on 8d for various laboratory examinations, including corneal pathological changes and expression levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α, IL-6).RESULTS:After treatment of HCEpiC cells with different concentrations of ZnO NPs for 24h, the MTT results showed that Zno NPs cause damage to cells at 0.5 μg/mL, and the cell survival rate was about 80%(P<0.05). Half of the cells were killed at a dose of 5 μg/mL, the damaging effect on cells in the concentration range of 5～250 μg/mL was concentration-dependent(P<0.0001). After 7d of conjunctival capsule spotting in mice, dot-like staining of fluorescein was seen in the 25 μg/mL ZnO NPs and 50 μg/mL ZnO NPs groups. Localized circular fluorescein stained areas were seen in the corneas of the 100 μg/mL ZnO NPs group. HE staining showed that the corneal epithelial layer, stromal layer thickness and stromal layer immune cell number did not change significantly in the 25 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL ZnO NPs groups(all P>0.05), while the corneal epithelial layer thinned, the corneal stromal layer thickened and the stromal layer immune cells increased significantly in the 100 μg/mL ZnO NPs group(all P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of corneal stromal immune cells producing TNF-α and IL-6 and the mean integral optical density(IOD)values of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher in the 100 μg/mL ZnO NPs group than in the PBS control group(P<0.05), and the degree of inflammation response was concentration-dependent. Compared with the PBS control group, no significant increase in immune cell count and IOD values in the 25 μg/mL ZnO NPs and 50 μg/mL ZnO NPs groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The toxic damaging effect of ZnO NPs on the cornea was confirmed from both in vitro and in vivo, which provided a theoretical basis for the ocular safety evaluation of ZnO NPs.

Objective To investigate the bacterial community diversity in Dermatophagoides farinae. Methods Laboratory-cultured D. farinae was collected, and the composition of microbial communities was determined by sequence analyses of the V4 region in the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene on an Illumina PE250 high-throughput sequencing platform. Following quality control and filtering of the raw sequence files, valid reads were obtained and subjected to operational taxonomic units (OTU) clustering and analysis of the composition of microbial communities and alpha diversity index using the Usearch software, Silva database, and Mothur software. Results A total of 187 616 valid reads were obtained, and 469 OTUs were clustered based on a sequence similarity of more than 97%. OTU annotation showed that the bacteria in D. farinae belonged to 26 phyla, 43 classes, 100 orders, 167 families and 284 genera. The bacteria in D. farinae were mainly annotated to five phyla of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Acidobacteriota, with Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum, and mainly annotated to five dominant genera of Ralstonia, norank-f-Mitochondria, Staphylococcus and Sphingomonas, with Wolbachia identified in the non-dominant genus. Conclusions A high diversity is identified in the composition of the bacterial community in D. farinae, and there are differences in bacterial community diversity and abundance among D. farinae.

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Myocarditis/drug therapy*

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main complications in patients with traumatic fractures, and for severe patients, the DVT can even affect arterial blood supply, resulting in insufficient limb blood supply. If the thrombus breaks off, pulmonary embolism may occur, with a high mortality. The treatment and rehabilitation strategies of thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fractures have its particularity. DVT in traumatic fractures patients has attracted extensive attention and been largely studied, and the measures for prevention and treatment of DVT are constantly developing. In recent years, a series of thrombosis prevention and treatment guidelines have been updated at home and abroad, but there are still many doubts about the prevention and treatment of DVT in patients with different traumatic fractures. Accordingly, on the basis of summarizing the latest evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad and the clinical experience of the majority of experts, the authors summarize the clinical treatment and prevention protocols for DVT in patients with traumatic fractures, and make this consensus on the examination and assessment, treatment, prevention and preventive measures for DVT in patients with different fractures so as to provide a practicable approach suitable for China ′s national conditions and improve the prognosis and the life quality of patients.

TSCI have dyskinesia and sensory disturbance that can cause various life-threaten complications. The patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Based on the epidemiology of TSCI and domestic and foreign literatures as well as expert investigations, this expert consensus reviews the definition, injury classification, rehabilitation assessment, rehabilitation strategies and rehabilitation measures of TSCI so as to provide early standardized rehabilitation treatment methods for TSCI.

Twenty target compounds were synthesized by the reduction reaction of HUANG Minglong and Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction in this study. The inhibitory effects of the new compounds were tested on NO production in LPS-induced mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells, a cellular inflammation model. The structure-activity relationships were discussed. The structures of target compounds were confirmed by ESI-MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. In vitro activity experiments showed that 18 compounds had certain anti-inflammatory effects at the concentration of 40 μmol·L^-1, of which 9a, 8b, 7c and 9c showed strong anti-inflammatory activities, and IC₅₀ of 7c and 9c were comparable to the positive control drug ibuprofen.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AHR) mR-NA and tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO) mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of patients with acute leukemia.Methods Sixty-five patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from August 2013 to August 2014 were selected as observation group,and there were 50 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia(AML) and 15 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL).Fifteen patients with anemia were selected as control group in the same period(excluding the malignant disease of blood system).The expression of AHR mRNA and TDO mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of patients in the groups was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The correlation between AHR mRNA and TDO mRNA was analyzed.Results The expression of TDO mRNA and AHR mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML and ALL patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of TDO mRNA and AHR mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells between AML and ALL patients (P ＜ 0.05).There was significantly positive correlation between the expression of TDO mRNA and AHR mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML and ALL patients(r =0.801,0.922;P ＜ 0.05).The levels of white blood cell,hemoglobin,platelet and lactate dehydrogenase were not related to the expression of TDO mRNA and AHR mRNA in AML and ALL patients(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of TDO and AHR in bone marrow mononuclear cells of acute leukemia patients is high,and the TDO-KYN-AHR pathway promotes the development of acute leukemia.

Objective To evaluate the predictive values of interleukin (IL)-2 and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid in early intracranial infection,and provide the reference for choosing diagnostic markers of early intracranial infection after craniotomy.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,36 patients with intracranial infection after craniotomy in our hospital were chosen as infection group,and 45 patients without intracranial infection were as non-infection group.The body temperature and levels ofcerebrospinaI fluid glucose,blood white blood cell (WBC),cerebrospinal fluid WBC,serum IL-2,cerebrospinal fluid IL-2,serum sIL-2R and cerebrospinal fluid sIL-2R were compared between the two groups.The diagnosis values of IL-2 and sIL-2R in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in intracranial infection were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve.The sensitivity and specificity of IL-2 and sIL-2R in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid in intracranial infection were compared between the two groups.Results The body temperature of the two groups showed no statistical difference (P＞0.05).As compared with those in the non-infection group,the glucose of cerebrospinal fluid in the infection group significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the blood WBC,cerebrospinal fluid WBC,serum IL-2,cerebrospinal fluid IL-2,serum sIL-2R and cerebrospinal fluid sIL-2R in the infection group significantly increased (P＜0.05).The areas under of curve for body temperature,glucose of cerebrospinal fluid,blood WBC,cerebrospinal fluid WBC,serum IL-2,cerebrospinal fluid IL-2,serum sIL-2R and cerebrospinal fluid sIL-2R,respectively,were 0.671,0.718,0.698,0.741,0.714,0.927,0.722 and 0.968;the sensitivity of those indexes,respectively,was 61.1％,63.9％,69.4％,91.7％,88.9％,91.7％,86.1％and94.4％;the specificityofthoseindexes,respectively,was 48.9％,82.2％,60.0％,55.6％,62.2％,88.9％,66.7％ and 91.1％.Conclusion The IL-2 and sIL-2R levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid have decided values in diagnosis of intracranial infection after craniotomy,but the sensitivity and specificity of IL-2 and sIL-2R in cerebrospinal fluid are higher than others.