ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy on the long-term prognosis for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy （DCM） of yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 371 DCM patients with yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. The yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy was defined as the exposure factor. Patients were categorized into exposure group （186 cases） and non-exposure group （185 cases） according to whether they received yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy combined with conventional western medicine for 6 months or longer. The follow-up period was set at 48 months， and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） in both groups. Cox regression analysis was used to explore the impact of yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy on the risk of MACE， and subgroup analysis was performed. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， left ventricular fractional shortening （LVFS）， left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDD）， and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire （MLHFQ） score were compared between groups at the time of first combined use of yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy （before treatment） and 1 year after receiving the therapy （after treatment）. ResultsMACE occurred in 31 cases （16.67%） in the exposure group and 47 cases （25.41%） in the non-exposure group. The cumulative incidence of MACE in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the non-exposure group ［HR=0.559， 95%CI（0.361，0.895）， P=0.014］. Cox regression analysis showed that yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy was an independent factor for reducing the risk of MACE in DCM patients ［HR=0.623， 95%CI（0.396，0.980）， P=0.041］， and consistent results were observed in different subgroups. Compared with pre-treatment， the exposure group showed decreased TCM syndrome score and MLHFQ score， reduced LVEDD， and increased LVEF and LVFS after treatment （P＜0.05）； in the non-exposure group， TCM syndrome score decreased， LVEF and LVFS increased， and LVEDD reduced after treatment （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the exposure group had higher LVEF and LVFS， smaller LVEDD， and lower TCM syndrome score and MLHFQ score compared with the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionCombining yang-reinforcing and blood-activating therapy with conventional western medicine can reduce the risk of MACE in DCM patients with yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， meanwhile improving their clinical symptoms， cardiac function， and quality of life.

Chemiluminescence,as a self-luminous phenomenon that does not require light,heat,acoustic,electric and magnetic excitation,has been widely used in the fields of analytical chemistry,cold light source and bio-imaging because of its advantages including high sensitivity,wide linear range,simple equipment and fast detection speed compared with other analytical techniques.Carbon dots(CDs)are a class of nanomaterials with excellent photoluminescence properties and high biocompatibility.CDs are stable,easy to prepare and abundant in types,and researchers have introduced many types of CDs into different chemiluminescence systems.In this paper,the applications of CDs in common chemiluminescence systems and the possible mechanisms of action were discussed,and the research progresses on the application of CDs in different chemiluminescence detection fields in recent years were summarized.Finally,the development trend of CDs in chemiluminescence was analyzed.

In this study,a sensitive lateral flow immunoassay(LFIA)platform based on carbon dots-mesoporous silica nanocomposite(CD-MSNs)fluorescent probes was constructed for high-performance detection of inflammatory marker interleukin-6(IL-6).Green fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)were prepared by hydrothermal method with 3,9-perylenic acid and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)as raw materials,and highly fluorescent CD-MSNs composites were then constructed by encapsulating the prepared CDs in mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs).Fluorescent probes were prepared by covalent coupling of CD-MSNs with IL-6 antibody.Fluorescent immunochromatographic test strips were constructed by spraying IL-6 capture antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG on nitrocellulose membrane as detection line(T-line)and quality control line(C-line),respectively.The fluorescence immunoassay analyzer was used to quantitatively detect the fluorescence intensity of T-line,and the experimental results showed that the LFIA platform based on this probe had a good linear relationship in IL-6 concentration range of 102-106 pg/mL,and the detection limit was 64 pg/mL,which was two orders of magnitude more sensitive than that of the traditional colloidal gold test strips.This method effectively solved the issue of insufficient sensitivity of traditional LFIA technique,and provided a rapid and highly sensitive detection method for early diagnosis of inflammatory diseases.

Metal ion-promoted chemodynamic therapy(CDT) combined with photodynamic therapy(PDT) offers broad application prospects for enhancing anti-tumor effects. In this study, glycyrrhizic acid(GA), copper ions(Cu~(2+)), and norcantharidin(NCTD) were co-assembled to successfully prepare a natural small-molecule, carrier-free hydrogel(NCTD Gel) with excellent material properties. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, NCTD Gel responded to the tumor microenvironment(TME) and acted as an efficient Fenton reagent and photosensitizer, catalyzing the conversion of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) within the tumor into oxygen(O_2), and hydroxyl radicals(·OH, type Ⅰ reactive oxygen species) and singlet oxygen(~1O_2, type Ⅱ reactive oxygen species), while depleting glutathione(GSH) to stabilize reactive oxygen species and alleviate tumor hypoxia. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that NCTD Gel exhibited significant CDT/PDT synergistic therapeutic effects. Further safety evaluation and metabolic testing confirmed its good biocompatibility and safety. This novel hydrogel is not only simple to prepare, safe, and cost-effective but also holds great potential for clinical transformation, providing insights and references for the research and development of metal ion-mediated hydrogel-based anti-tumor therapies.
Hydrogels/chemistry* ; Animals ; Photochemotherapy ; Humans ; Mice ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage* ; Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry* ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Female ; Copper/chemistry* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Male

To investigate the mechanism of Jianpi Qutan Formula in regulating the balance between classically activated macrophages(M1) and alternatively activated macrophages(M2) in atherosclerotic plaques through phosphorylation and activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(STAT6), thereby reducing inflammation, increasing plaque stability, and exerting anti-atherosclerosis(AS) effects. An AS model was established by feeding apolipoprotein E(ApoE)~(-/-) mice with atherosclerotic chow for 8 weeks. The ApoE~(-/-) mice were randomly divided into a model group(Mod group), a Jianpi Qutan Formula group(JPQT group, 8.97 g·kg~(-1)), and a Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets group(ATO group, 1.3 mg·kg~(-1)) according to a random table method, with 10 mice in each group. Additionally, 10 male C57BL/6J mice of the same age, fed with a normal diet, were set as the control group(Con group). The JPQT and ATO groups received their respective treatments via oral gavage for 8 consecutive weeks, while the Con and Mod groups were administered an equivalent volume of saline. Body weight was continuously monitored, and after blood collection, total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) levels in the serum of each group were compared. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and oil red O staining were used to observe plaque formation in aortic tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed to detect the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-12, as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the positive expression of aortic cluster of differentiation(CD)86 and CD206. Western blot analysis was conducted to detect the protein expression levels of aortic inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), arginase 1(Arg1), STAT6, and p-STAT6. Compared to the Con group, the Mod group exhibited increased body weight and blood lipid levels, disordered aortic structure, significant AS plaque formation accompanied by extensive lipid deposition, and elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12, as well as elevated CD86 and iNOS protein levels. In contrast, the serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, along with the protein expression levels of CD206, Arg1, and p-STAT6/STAT6, were reduced. Compared to the Mod group, the drug intervention groups showed improvements in body weight and lipid metabolism, with a more significant improvement in aortic structure, reduced lipid accumulation, decreased serum levels of IL-6 and IL-12, and lower CD86 and iNOS protein levels. Meanwhile, levels of IL-10, CD206, Arg1, and p-STAT6/STAT6 increased. Jianpi Qutan Formula improves AS by regulating the imbalance in M1/M2 macrophage polarization, and its mechanism is likely closely related to the activation of the STAT6 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice ; Macrophages/cytology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; STAT6 Transcription Factor/immunology* ; Humans ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics* ; Interleukin-6/immunology*

The antidepressant activity and molecular mechanisms of Yueju Wan volatile oil were investigated. The Yueju Wan volatile oil was extracted by using supercritical CO_2. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) combined with network pharmacology identified 28 chemical constituents in Yueju Wan volatile oil, primarily terpenes and lactones. A total of 123 overlapping targets were associated with depression, including core targets of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), and caspase-3(CASP3). These targets were mainly involved in the prolactin, advanced glycation end products/receptor(AGE/RAGE), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways. A reserpine-induced depression mouse model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Yueju Wan volatile oil. The effects of Yueju Wan volatile oil on depression-like behavior in mice were evaluated by analyzing body mass, body temperature index, tail suspension immobility time, forced swimming immobility time, and sucrose preference. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining revealed neuronal protection of Yueju Wan volatile oil in the brain of mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and Western blot were employed to detect the protein expression of AGEs, IL-1β, phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K), Akt, phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt), nuclear factor κB(NF-κB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). Behavioral evaluation showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could effectively control the decline of body mass and body temperature of depressed mice, reduce tail suspension and swimming immobility time, and enhance their preference for sucrose. Histopathological examination showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could alleviate the neuronal damage in CA1 and dentate gyrus(DG) of the hippocampus of mice. ELISA and Western blot results showed that Yueju Wan volatile oil could significantly increase the protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, and BDNF and significantly decrease the protein expression levels of AGEs, IL-1β, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and NF-κB in the hippocampus of mice. Furthermore, the p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt ratios were significantly decreased at medium and high doses. These findings suggest that the aromatherapy of Yueju Wan volatile oil can significantly improve reserpine-induced depression-like behavior in mice, which may be related to reducing the expression of neuronal membrane protein AGEs, reducing the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt, inhibiting NF-κB entry into the nucleus, and alleviating the release of pro-inflammatory factors and nerve injury.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents/chemistry* ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/immunology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/immunology* ; Oils, Volatile/chemistry* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Depression/metabolism* ; Glycation End Products, Advanced/immunology* ; Humans

Compounds isolated from Epimedium include the total flavonoids of Epimedium , icariin, and its metabolites (icaritin, icariside I, and icariside II), which have similar molecular structures. Modern pharmacological research and clinical practice have proved that Epimedium and its active components have a wide range of pharmacological effects, especially in improving sexual function, hormone regulation, anti-osteoporosis, immune function regulation, anti-oxidation, and anti-tumor activity. To date, we still need a comprehensive source of knowledge about the pharmacological effects of Epimedium and its bioactive compounds on the male reproductive system. However, their actions in other tissues have been reviewed in recent years. This review critically focuses on the Epimedium , its bioactive compounds, and the biochemical and molecular mechanisms that modulate vital pathways associated with the male reproductive system. Such intrinsic knowledge will significantly further studies on the Epimedium and its bioactive compounds that protect the male reproductive system and provide some guidances for clinical treatment of related male reproductive disorders.
Male ; Epimedium/chemistry* ; Humans ; Genitalia, Male/drug effects* ; Flavonoids/therapeutic use* ; Animals

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the chain mediating role of family care and emotional management in the relationship between social support and anxiety among rural primary school students. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted among students in grades 4 to 6 from four counties in Hunan Province. Data were collected using the Social Support Rating Scale, Family Care Index Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder -7. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms. Mediation analysis was conducted to assess the chain mediating effects of family care and emotional management between social support and anxiety. RESULTS: A total of 4 141 questionnaires were distributed, with 3 874 valid responses (effective response rate: 93.55%). The prevalence rate of anxiety symptoms among these students was 9.32% (95%CI: 8.40%-10.23%). Significant differences were observed in the prevalence rates of anxiety symptoms among groups with different levels of social support, family functioning, and emotional management ability (P<0.05). The total indirect effect of social support on anxiety symptoms via family care and emotional management was significant (β=-0.137, 95%CI: -0.167 to -0.109), and the direct effect of social support on anxiety symptoms remained significant (P<0.05). Family care and emotional management served as significant chain mediators in the relationship between social support and anxiety symptoms (β=-0.025,95%CI:-0.032 to -0.018), accounting for 14.5% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Social support can directly affect anxiety symptoms among rural primary school students and can also indirectly influence anxiety symptoms through the chain mediating effects of family care and emotional management. These findings provide scientific evidence for the prevention of anxiety in primary school students from multiple perspectives.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Social Support ; Anxiety/etiology* ; Child ; Students/psychology* ; Emotions ; Logistic Models

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of specific AT sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis. METHODS: A total of 68 cases of initially diagnosed with DLBCL at Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital between January 2008 to December 2015 were enrolled. The expression of SATB1 were detected by Immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded tissue of patients. The relationship between the expression of SATB1 and clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with DLBCL was analyzed. RESULTS: SATB1 protein was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of lymphoma cell. The rate of SATB1 expression in DLBCL tissues was 66.2% (46/68). The positive rate of SATB1 in patients with ECOG score of 0-1 was higher than that in patients with ECOG score ≥2 (P <0.05). The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) in positive and negative SATB1 groups were 55.5% and 23.5%, respectively (P =0.045), and 65.6% and 34.9%, respectively (P <0.001). Univariate analysis showed that positive expression of SATB1 was associated with good OS of patients. Multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy cycles less than 4 and elevated LDH were independent adverse prognostic factor for OS in DLBCL patients, with positive SATB1 expression as a protective factor. CONCLUSION The positive expression of SATB1 is closely associated with a lower ECOG score and a favorable prognosis in patients with DLBCL.
Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism* ; Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Immunohistochemistry ; Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the improvement effect of rehabilitation nursing based on information-knowledge-belief-behavior (IKAP) theory on urinary incontinence patients after radical prostatectomy. METHODS Sixty-six patients with urinary incontinence who received robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected and divided into control group (n=33) and observation group (n=33) according to random number table method. The patients in the control group were treated with rehabilitation nursing. The patients in the observation group were treated with rehabilitation nursing guided by IKAP theory. The recovery of urinary incontinence, duration of urinary incontinence, subjective well-being, quality of life, psychological and emotional indexes of patients in the two groups were compared. Results： The total effective rate of urinary incontinence recovery in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (90.91% vs 60.61%，P<0.05). The duration of urinary incontinence in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (［3.36±1.54］d vs ［4.15±1.36］d，P<0.05). And the subjective well-being score in observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (［19.36±2.69］points vs ［11.65±2.65］points， P<0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative physical function, social function，and mental health scores between the two groups (P>0.05). And all scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after surgery (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the preoperative SAS and SDS scores between the two groups of patients (P>0.05). And the scores of SAS and SDS in observation group were lower than those of the control group after the operation (P<0.05). Conclusion： Rehabilitation nursing based on IKAP theory can significantly improve urinary incontinence in patients with prostate cancer after surgery, which promotes the recovery of urinary incontinence, shortens the time of urinary incontinence, and improves the subjective well-being and quality of life, as well as reduces the negative impact of negative emotions. Therefore, it can be widely promoted and implemented in clinical practice.
Humans ; Prostatectomy/adverse effects* ; Urinary Incontinence/etiology* ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Rehabilitation Nursing ; Middle Aged ; Aged