Objective:To test the reliability and validity of the ADHD self-report scale-revised (ASRS-R) among Chinese children aged 8-14 and provide preliminary evidence for the use of ASRS-R as a tool for identifying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in Chinese children aged 8-14 years.Methods:In October 2023, elementary school students aged 8-14 from five elementary school in Shenzhen were selected for the survey through convenience sampling. The subjects were tested using ASRS-R and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). Among them, exploratory factor analysis and item analysis were conducted on sample 1 ( n=1 558), confirmatory factor analysis, calibration correlation validity and reliability analysis were conducted on sample 2 ( n=1 648), and retest reliability analysis was conducted on sample 3 ( n=300).The data was subjected to item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, calibration correlation validity and reliability analysis by SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0 softwares. Results:Exploratory factor analysis showed that the KMO value was 0.947, the cumulative variance contribution was 41.061%, and the loadings for the entries ranged from 0.454 to 0.697.The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit of the two-factor model ( χ2/ df=3.355, CFI=0.959, TLI=0.952, RMSEA=0.038, SRMR=0.029, AGFI=0.962, NFI=0.943, IFI=0.952), and was applicable to primary school students of different grades and genders. The internal consistency coefficients of the total scale, the dimensions of inattention and hyperactive/impulsivity were 0.876, 0.815, 0.769, respectively and the retest reliability of total scale was 0.984. Item analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the score of each item and the total score of the scale ranged from 0.503 to 0.663(all P<0.01). Conclusion:The ASRS-R has good reliability and validity and is suitable for the identification of ADHD behavior in Chinese children aged 8-14.

To establish an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method for the detection of Zaire Ebola virus(ZEBOV)specific antibodies,the full-length of ZEBOV GP1 gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into pET-30a(+)vector to generate the pET-30a(+)-GP1 plasmid.After expressed in the E.coli expression system,the purified GP1 protein was used as coating antigen to establish the indirect ELISA method for detection of ZEBOV antibody.The con-ditions including concentration of coating antigen and serum dilution were determined by chess-board titration.Specificity,sensitivity,and reproducibility of the established ELISA detection meth-od were evaluated.GP1 protein was successfully prepared by prokaryotic expression,and was used as the coatingantigen for indirect ELISA.By optimizing the reaction conditions,the optimal concen-tration of the coating antigen was determined to be 0.5 g/L;the optimal dilution of serum was cal-culated to be 1∶3 200;the optimal dilution of enzyme-labeled secondary antibody was measured to be 1∶20 000.The established method exhibited excellent specificity,sensitivity,and reproducibili-ty.In the present study,the GP1 protein was successfully expressed in the E.coli expression sys-tem and the high purity GP1 protein was used as the coating protein to establish an indirect ELISA assay for ZEBOV antibody.This method is highly specific,sensitive,and reproducible,which provides technical support for the fur-ther study of the biological function of GP1 and the detection of ZEBOV antibody in serum.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the spillover effects of the Diagnosis-Related Groups payment reform on medical expenditures.Methods:Based on the medical record data of inpatients in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Wuhan,Hubei Province,the Difference-in-Differences method was applied to estimate the impact of the DRG reform on medical expenditures for non-local patients.Results:After the implementation of DRG payment,the total medical expenses(β=-0.13),out-of-pocket expenses(β=-0.22),drug expenses(β=-0.25),consumable expenses(β=-0.26)decreased significantly.Meanwhile,the reduction ranges of the level and proportion of out-of-pocket expenses for non-local inpatients were significantly larger than those for local inpatients.However,the reduction range of the proportion of drug expenses for non-local inpatients was significantly smaller than that for local inpatients.The gaps between the two groups in terms of the level of out-of-pocket expenses and the proportion of drug expenses gradually narrowed.Conclusion:The DRG payment reform has produced a significant spillover effect,leading to a decrease in the medical expense level and an improvement in the expense structure for non-local inpatients.However,the medical expenses of non-local inpatients remain relatively high.It is suggested to accelerate the inclusion of non-local inpatients in disease-specific payment management and strengthen the coordination between the hospital's internal operation management and the reform of medical insurance payment methods.

The feasibility for the development of road-rail medical vehicles was discussed.The gap between China's ground medical evacuation system and medical evacuation requirements was analyzed,and the limitations of the existing mobile medical units in China were introduced.The key points for developing road-rail medical vehicles were discussed.The road-rail medical vehicle would be an ideal tool for casualty treatment and rapid evacuation at war time and peace time,which could be a future development direction of the road-rail vehicle and medical train.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):84-90]

Objective To observe the clinical effect of abdominal full-thickness skin graft combined with adipose stem cells in repairing soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumors.Methods A total of 180 patients with soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumor in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2022 were selected,the study was designed by a double-blind method,and patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by a random number table method,with 90 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were repaired by abdominal full-thickness skin graft treatment,while these in the observation group were repaired by a combination of abdominal full-thickness skin graft and adipose stem cells.The scar status scores in the surgical area,clinical efficacy,incidence of complications and satisfaction of patients in the two groups were compared.Results Compared with preoperative results,the scores of color and thickness of scars,vascular distribution,and softness in face 6 months after surgery in both groups decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Six months after surgery,the observation group had significantly lower scores on scar color and thickness,vascular distribution,and softness compared to the control group(P<0.05);there was no difference in the effective rate of the forehead,nose,eyelids,lips,or cheeks between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05);while the observation group had higher overall effective rate than the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complica-tions between the two groups(P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the distribution of the satisfaction of patients between the two groups(P<0.05),and the observation group showed significantly higher satisfaction of patients than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal full-thickness skin graft combined with adipose stem cells can improve facial scars in repairing soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumors,and enhance the repair effects and satisfaction of patients,with high safety.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment and prognosis of children confirmed as Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) in children. Methods:This retrospective study concluded 6 children diagnosed as MIRM in Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children′s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from August 2023 to April 2024. This paper described the characteristics of MIRM and analyzed the therapeutic strategy and prognosis.Results:A total of 6 children were diagnosed as MIRM including 2 boys and 4 girls with an age of onset was 6.4 (3.1, 7.5) years. Among the 6 patients, 4 patients had oral mucosal involvement among whom 2 showed crusting of the lips. Four patients had ocular involvement manifesting as conjunctival congestion and increased secretion. All patients presented with skin lesions, manifesting as target-shaped damage in 4 cases, herpes herpetiformis in 1 case and purpura-like rash in 1 case. Serological tests for Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM and Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleic acid test were positive in all 6 cases. Two cases received intravenous immunogloblin infusion combined with methylprednisolone, monotherapy of methylprednisolone in 4 cases. The course of glucocorticoids was 1-7 weeks, and the initial dose was 2-4 mg/(kg·d), which was gradually reduced according to the rash. The children were followed up for 3 to 9 months, no case suffered from long term ocular or cutaneous complications or recurrence of rash. All cases had good prognosis. Conclusions:Children diagnosed as MIRM present with mild symptoms and usually have good prognosis with early identification and appropriate intervention. Individualized therapy should be applied based on the severity of skin involvement.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of achyranthes bidentata(AB)on sperm quality in mice with sper-matogenic disorder through the glycolytic metabolic pathway and its action mechanism.Methods:We equally randomized 40 Kun-ming mice into a normal control,a model control,a low-dose AB(3.5 g/kg)and a high-dose AB group(7.0 g/kg),and established the model of spermatogenic disorder in the latter three groups of mice by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(30 mg/kg).Two days after modeling,we collected the testis and kidney tissues and blood samples from the mice for observation of the pathological changes in the testis tissue by HE staining,detection of perm motility with the sperm quality analyzer,examination of the apoptosis of testis cells by flow cytometry,measurement of the levels of testosterone(T),malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and cata-lase(CAT)in the serum and testis tissue by ELISA,and determination of expressions of the key enzymes of glycolysis hexokinase Ⅱ(HK2),pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2),platelet phosphofructokinase(PFKP),lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)and the meiosis pro-teins REC8 and SCP3 by Western blot,and the mRNA expressions of glycolytic phosphofructokinase 1(PFK1),phosphoglycerate ki-nase 1(PGK1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1 β(IL-1β)by fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR).Results:Compared with the model controls,the mice in the AB groups showed significant increases in the testis coefficient,kidney in-dex,sperm concentration,sperm motility,spermatogonia,primary spermatocytes,spermatids,sperm count and the serum T level(P＜0.05 orP＜0.01),but dramatic decreases in the apoptosis of testis cells and percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm(P＜0.01).Achyranthes bidentata also significantly elevated the levels of SOD and CAT,and down-regulated the mRNA expressions of MDA,TNF-α and IL-1β(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and up-regulated the protein expressions of HK2,PKM2,PFKP,LDHA,REC8 and SCP3,and expressions of the glycolysis key genes Pfk1 and Pgk1(P＜0.05 orP＜0.01).Conclusion:Achyranthes bidentata ameliorates doxorubicin-induced spermatogenic disorder in mice by regulating the glycolytic pathway and reducing oxidative stress and the expressions of inflammatory factors.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of abdominal full-thickness skin graft combined with adipose stem cells in repairing soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumors.Methods A total of 180 patients with soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumor in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2022 were selected,the study was designed by a double-blind method,and patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by a random number table method,with 90 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were repaired by abdominal full-thickness skin graft treatment,while these in the observation group were repaired by a combination of abdominal full-thickness skin graft and adipose stem cells.The scar status scores in the surgical area,clinical efficacy,incidence of complications and satisfaction of patients in the two groups were compared.Results Compared with preoperative results,the scores of color and thickness of scars,vascular distribution,and softness in face 6 months after surgery in both groups decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Six months after surgery,the observation group had significantly lower scores on scar color and thickness,vascular distribution,and softness compared to the control group(P<0.05);there was no difference in the effective rate of the forehead,nose,eyelids,lips,or cheeks between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05);while the observation group had higher overall effective rate than the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complica-tions between the two groups(P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the distribution of the satisfaction of patients between the two groups(P<0.05),and the observation group showed significantly higher satisfaction of patients than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal full-thickness skin graft combined with adipose stem cells can improve facial scars in repairing soft tissue defects after resection of facial benign tumors,and enhance the repair effects and satisfaction of patients,with high safety.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of linaclotide and procalcitide in the treatment of adult constipation IBS-C.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 80 IBS-C patients admitted from May 2021 to May 2024.All patients were treated with novel secretagogues,and were divided into four groups according to the different treatment methods:linarotinib group and Pucanapide group,with 40 patients in each group.The clinical efficacy of oral administration of 290 μg of Nallotide capsules and 3 mg of Pucanapeptide in the Linalotide group and Pucanapeptide group was compared after one month of continuous treatment.The scores of IBS-C symptoms related to stool frequency,stool characteristics,upper abdominal pain,early satiety,and bloating were evaluated before and Post-treatment.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),substance P(SP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),motilin,and gastrin IBS-C related serum markers in feces.The 16s rDNA fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect Escherichia coli and lactate in feces.Compare the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups based on the levels of Bacillus and Bifidobacterium.Results:There was no difference in the total effective rate between linagliptin group and Pucanotide group(P＞0.05);Post-treatment,the fecal frequency scores of the linaclotide group and the procalcitonin group were higher than pretherapy,while the fecal characteristics,upper abdominal pain,early satiety,and fullness scores were lower than pretherapy(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the fecal frequency,fecal characteristics,early satiety,and fullness scores between the linaclotide group and the procalcitonin group(P＞0.05),and the upper abdominal pain score of the linaclotide group was lower than that of the procalcitonin group(P＜0.05);Post-treatment,VIP,SP,5-HT,motilin and gastrin levels in linagliptin group and Pucanotide group were all lower than that pretherapy(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between linagliptin group and Pucanotide group(P＞0.05);Post-treatment,the levels of Escherichia coli in the linaclotide group and the procaine group were lower than pretherapy,while the numbers of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria were higher than pretherapy(P＜0.05).There was no difference between the linaclotide group and the procaine group(P＞0.05);There was no difference in the incidence of headache,bloating/abdominal pain between the linaclotide group and the procaine group(P＞0.05),and the incidence of diarrhea in the procaine group was lower than that in the linaclotide group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Linalotide and Pucanatide have similar therapeutic effects in treating adult IBS-C,both of which can improve patients' clinical symptoms,serum biomarker levels,and intestinal microbiota structure.However,Linalotide has a better effect on improving abdominal pain,while Pucanatide can reduce the risk of diarrhea.Therefore,the clinical application of different new secretagogue drugs can be determined based on individualized symptoms and diarrhea risk of patients.

Aberrant expression of Colgalt1 is closely associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progres-sion;however,the mechanism by which it regulates macrophages to influence tumor development remains poorly understood.This study aimed to establish a macrophage-specific Colgalt1 gene knockout mouse model to delve into the mechanisms through which Colgalt1 modulates macrophage function and subse-quently affects the occurrence and progression of tumor-related diseases.Initially,Colgalt1flox+mice were generated using gene editing techniques,followed by crossing with Lyz2-Cre+mice,which exhibit tissue-specific expression in the myeloid lineage(including monocytes and mature macrophages).Through this strategy,mice with the genotype Colgalt1-/-Lyz2-Cre+were successfully obtained,achieving conditional knockout of the Colgalt1 gene in macrophages.Colgalt1flox/flox Lyz2-Cre-mice were used as control.PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis were employed to identify the Flox and Cre genotypes of the knockout mice.RT-qPCR and Western Blot techniques were utilized to detect the expression levels of Colgalt1 in BMDMs from knockout mice at both the mRNA and protein levels,respectively.Western Blot results re-vealed a significant downregulation of Colgaltl expression in BMDMs from knockout mice compared to controls(P＜0.01).RT-qPCR results demonstrated a significant reduction in Colgalt1 mRNA levels in BMDMs from knockout mice compared to contro1s(P＜0.001),while no significant differences in Col-galt1 mRNA expression were observed in liver,lung,or spleen tissues between the two groups.Addition-ally,immunohistochemistry was employed to detect Colgalt1 expression in liver-specific macrophages,re-vealing an absence of Colgalt l-positive staining in liver macrophages from knockout mice.HE staining was used to observe cellular morphology in liver tissues from both groups of mice,showing no significant differences in cellular morphology or obvious pathological changes in tissues and organs.Moreover,the o-verall survival of the mice was not affected.Finally,RT-qPCR was used to assess the expression of mac-rophage-related inflammatory factors in BMDMs from both groups of mice.The results indicated that com-pared to controls,knockout mice exhibited downregulated expression of TNF-α(P＜0.05)and signifi-cantly upregulated expression of IL-10(P＜0.01),Arginase1(P＜0.001),and CD206(P＜0.001)in BMDMs,suggesting an anti-inflammatory trend and M2 polarization of macrophages following Colgalt 1 knockout.In summary,this study successfully established a macrophage-specific Colgalt1 gene knockout mouse model,providing a more reliable experimental animal model for in-depth exploration of the specific roles of Colgalt1 in macrophage functional regulation and the pathogenesis of tumor-related diseases.This model holds promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets and strategies for tumors and other diseases.