Blood Glucose ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy* ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis* ; Glycemic Control ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use*

The culture of schistosomiasis control is specific in the history of Chinese culture. Broadly speaking, the culture of schistosomiasis control is a summary of specific social mood, social consciousness and material culture created by Chinese populations during the progress of schistosomiasis control since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Narrowly speaking, the culture of schistosomiasis control is the spiritual culture that is jointly created and nurtured by schistosomiasis control workers since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The spiritual features of Chinese schistosomiasis control culture are characterized by the patriotism and care about the people, the matter-to-fact attitude, the pioneering and enterprising spirit, and the spirit of sacrifice and dedication. The ultimate goal of the research on the culture of schistosomiasis control is to facilitate the achievement of the strategic goal of Healthy China 2030 as scheduled, accelerate the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis, and to promote the sustainable development of schistosomiasis control in China.

This paper describes the current epidemic characteristics and endemic status of schistosomiasis, analyzes the main challenges of schistosomiasis control and proposes the emphasis and interventions for future schistosomiasis control activities in Hunan Province, so as to provide insights into the elimination of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) predicts risk of recurrence in patients with advanced colon cancer undergoing curative resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

METHODSA total of 149 patients with advanced colon cancer undergoing curative resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy(FOLFOX6 protocol) were included. NLR was calculated preoperatively and before chemotherapy. The changes in NLR and the predictive value of NLR for prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSThe NLR of 149 patients was 2.8±1.5. NLR of 3.5 was identified according to the ROC curve. NLR<3.5 and NLR≥3.5 were classified as low and high NLR group, respectively. The 5-year recurrence-free survival(RFS) of patients with high preoperative NLR(n=22) was significantly worse than that of those with low preoperative NLR(n=127)(50.9% vs. 76.4%, P=0.025). The difference of 5-year RFS between high pre-chemotherapy NLR group(n=34) and low pre-chemotherapy NLR group(n=115) was statistically significant(50.1% vs. 71.4%, P=0.032). The 5-year RFS was 79.5% in patients with low preoperative NLR converting to high pre-chemotherapy NLR(n=16), similar to the group with high pre-chemotherapy group(P=0.077). The 5-year RFS was 17.7% in patients with high preoperative NLR reverting to low pre-chemotherapy NLR(n=12), similar to the group with low pre-chemotherapy group(P=0.978). There was significant difference in 5-year RFS between the postoperatively elevated group and postoperatively decreased group(P=0.036).

CONCLUSIONAn elevated blood NLR may be a biomarker of poor RFS in patients with advanced colon cancer after curative resection and chemotherapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colonic Neoplasms ; blood ; therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils ; immunology ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo understand the adverse and curative effects of film coated praziquantel for treatment of schistosomiasis japonica.

METHODSA questionnaire survey was conducted among 6 to 65 years old inhabitants from epidemic areas of schistosomiasis japonica in Jiangxi, Anhui and Hubei provinces, while indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) was also administrated. The Serological positives were tested by Kato-Katz technique. A total of 509 habitats of serological positives and healthy persons were given praziquantel. 460 targets with no relative symptoms were followed up for adverse effect of drugs in one month and efficacy evaluation of praziquantel was carried out in 104 parasitological positives 3 months post-treatment.

RESULTSThe 84.7% (144/170) individuals thought film coated tablets were no smell or only with little smell while 92.9%(315/339) targets in control group fell that tablets smelled bad. The total side effect rates of film coated praziquantel group and control group in 1-2 hours post-treatment were 20.30% (27/133) and 83.18% (272/327) respectively. There was significantly different between two groups (chi(2) = 164.316, P < 0.05). The adverse effect rates of film coated praziquantel group in neuromuscular system, digestive system and cardiovascular system were 15.79% (21/133), 9.77% (13/133), 2.26% (3/133) individually which were significantly lower than those of control groups with 81.65% (267/327), 49.24% (161/327), 12.84% (42/327) in corresponding systems (chi(2)(neuromuscular system) = 175.188, chi(2)(digestive system) = 62.601, chi(2)(cardiovascular system) = 12.010, P < 0.05). And the adverse effect rate of allergic reaction of film coated group was no significant difference with control group (2.26%(3/133) versus 0.92% (3/327), chi(2) = 1.315, P = 0.235). One day after treatment, the adverse effect rate of film coated tablets of praziquantel decreased to 3.01% (4/133), significantly lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference after 2 weeks treatment while the adverse effect rates decreased to 0.75%(1/133), 0.61% (2/327) in film coated praziquantel group and control group respectively (chi(2) = 0.029, P = 0.642). The curative rates 3 months post treatment were 84.91% (45/51) in film coated tablets of praziquantel group and 82.35% (42/53) in control group without significant difference (chi(2) = 1.536, P = 0.215).

CONCLUSIONThe smell and adverse effects of film coated tablets of praziquantel were decreased significantly and its efficacy for treatment of schistosomiasis japonica was equal to the control tablets. The film coated tablets of praziquantel might be applied in field widely after a further verification.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Praziquantel ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; drug therapy ; Tablets ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and cytochrome P450 (aromatase) in the testis of sexually mature male SD rats and their significance.

METHODSEighteen male SD rats, 6 five-week, 6 seven-week and 6 ten-week old, were selected for this study. Paraffin sections of the left testis were made and the expressions of eNOS and P450 observed by the immunohistochemical ABC method.

RESULTSPositive expressions of eNOS and P450 were found to be + + +, + and + + in the Leydig cells of the five-week, seven-week and ten-week old rats, respectively, and they were also observed in a few spermatocytes, though with no regularity.

CONCLUSIONIn the Leydig cells of sexually mature male SD rats, eNOS and P450 are differently expressed in different stages of sexual maturation, and they are correlated as well.

Animals ; Aromatase ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sexual Maturation ; Testis ; metabolism

Objective In order to compare the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)prevalent slatus in Chun'an County between 2006 and 2007,and to provide the science information for iodine supplementation in different regions.Methods Three schools of Wangzhai,Pingmen and Wenchang which the goiter prevalenee was the most severe were selected in Chun'an County;and from each school,90 pupils aged 8-10 years were randomly selected.B-ultrasound examination of thyroids,urine iodine and salt iodine were measured.Results The goiter rate in B-ultrasound were 7.5%(20/267),median of urine iodine was 247.5 μg/L,mean of salt iodine was 32.7 ms/ks in 2006;and the goiter rate in B-uhrasound were 3.7%(10/271),median of urine iodine was 383.4 μg/L,mean of salt iodine was 33.5 mg/kg in 2007.The goiter prevalence in Wangzhai,Pingrnen and Wenehang township were 15.2%(14/92),6.0%(5/83)and 2.2%(2/92),respectively,and median of urine iodine were 360.1.211.3,189.3μg/L,respectively,in 2006;The goiter prevalence were 6.6%(6/91),3.3%(3/90)and 1.1%(1/90),respectively.and median of urine iodine were 388.6,41 1.5,327.8μg/L,respectively,in 2007.Family ineome of Wangzhai,Pingmen and Wenchang township were 1000,2000,3000 yuan,respectively.Conclusions Goiter prevalence was correlated with urinary iodine,nutritional state and economic condition,high urinary iodine contents and poor nutritional status lcad to a high goiter rate.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the features of HBx protein distributed in liver cells and its expression in E. coli.

METHODSThe expression vectors encoding the full length HBx and its mutants were constructed by the routine molecular cloning method. HBx protein expression was detected using Western blotting. The distribution feature of HBx protein in liver cells was examined using the fluorescence confocal microscopy. A series of purified HBx fusion proteins were obtained by glutathione-sepharose 4B affinity chromatography.

RESULTSThe expression vectors were successfully constructed for the full length HBx and its mutants. HBx was found distributed uniformly in the nuclei but granularly in the cytoplasm of the liver cells. Under optimal conditions, the mutant GST-HBx (72-120aa) was easily degraded.

CONCLUSIONThis study may provide a basis for further study on the biological function of HBx at the protein level.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Glutathione Transferase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver ; cytology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Mutation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo assess nutritional status among children younger than 3 years in 40 counties of western China, using anthropometry.

METHODSWith cross-sectional study and random sampling, a survey with a sample size of 7252 was conducted in 40 counties of western China on children under 3 years old. Height and weight were measured and nutrition status was evaluated with WHO/NCHS reference using Z scores.

RESULTSSD of height for age (HA) and weight for age (WA) were 1.10 - 1.30 and 1.06 - 1.40, respectively and SD of WAZ for infants varied. The distribution of HA Z and WAZ shifted downward to 1 unit and 0.4 unit for distribution of weight for height (WHZ). The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 23.0%, 22.6% and 7.5% respectively. The prevalence rates were low among those yourger than 3 months. Stunting and underweight increased sharply after 6 months and reached 20% - 30%. Significant correlation was found between underweight and stunting or wasting with coefficients of 0.815 and 0.636, respectively. No correlation was found between stunting and wasting.

CONCLUSIONThe nutrition status adversely affected children as a whole but not only for individuals. There was a higher prevalence of malnutrition mainly on low height to children. Weight for age must be interpreted cautiously because of the inability of this indicator in distinguishing stunting and wasting just by itself. Assessment by anthropometry called for accurate information on age and measurement of height and weight.

Anthropometry ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child Nutrition Disorders ; epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritional Status ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Hongjingtian (Gadol) injection on cardiac hemodynamics and myocardial oxygen consumption for analyzing its underlying mechanism in the treatment of coronary heart disease.

METHODA total of 20 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (30 mg x kg(-1), i.v.) were evenly randomized into control group, low-dose Gadol (LDG) group, high-dose Gadol (HDG) group and Herbesser Injection group. The blood flow volume (BFV) of the left coronary artery and cardiac output (CO), left ventricular pressure (LVP), maximum ascending rate (dp/dtmax) of LVP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the femoral artery, oxygen contents of the coronary artery and coronary vein (venous sinus), oxygen consumption index (OCI), cardiac index (CI), coronary artery resistance (CAR) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) as well as oxygen utilization rate (OUR) were detected respectively.

RESULTAfter venous injection of Gadol, CAR, MAP, TPR, OCI, myocardial oxygen consumption and heart rate lowered significantly (P < 0.05-0.01), while BFV and blood oxygen content of the venous sinus increased considerably (P < 0.05-0.01) in comparison with pre-injection. No significant differences were found in LVP and myocardial contractivity between control group and LDG, and between control and HDG groups respectively.

CONCLUSIONIt showed dilation of the coronary artery and reduction of the cardiac afterload after injection of Gadol. Besides, CO and stroke volume increased considerably and the cardiac effective work was raised without any significant simultaneous increase of both myocardial contractility and LVP. A decrease in the myocardial oxygen consumption and reduction of OCI indicates an improvement of the oxygen supply of the myocardium, and a favorable regulation of the compliance of the cardiac vessels. As a result, the cardiovascular performance was ameliorated. The abovementioned improvement of these indexes may contribute to the therapeutic effect of Gadol in the treatment of coronary heart disease in clinic.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cardiac Output ; drug effects ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rhodiola ; chemistry ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects