Aim To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qingjie Huagong decoction in modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in inflammatory response of acute pancreatitis(AP)mice.Methods Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into Blank group,Model group,Ustekin group,and Qingjie Hua-gong decoction group,with six mice in each group.The AP model was prepared by using rain frogin.Serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α lev-els were detected by ELISA;the pancreatic pathology was detected by HE staining;the expressions of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNAs were de-tected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and RT-qPCR.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed obvious pathological damage to the pancreas,with significantly higher serum α-AMS,PN-LP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels(P＜0.01),and significantly higher levels of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA expression(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,both the Qingjie Huagong decoction group and the ustekin group improved the histopathological changes in the pancreas of AP mice,decreased the serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels,and down-reg-ulated the expression levels of pancreatic PI3K,AKT,NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Qingjie Huagong decoction may inhibit the inflammatory response and protect pancreat-ic tissues by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of in-testinal mucosal barrier protective effect of Qingjie Huagong decoction(QJHGD)on rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods The SAP rat model was constructed,and the sham-operation group,the model group,the group administered with different dosages of QJHGD,and the positive control group were set up respectively.HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes.ELISA was employed to detect the serum levels of diamine oxidase(DAO)and D-lactic acid(D-LA)in rats.Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to observe the mitochondria of ileal tissues.qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of PGAM5,Drp1,PINK1,Parkin,LC3B in ileal tissues of rats.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,the pancreas and ileum tissues of rats in the model group showed obvious pathological changes,with abnormal mitochondrial structure and reduced number of autoph-agic vesicles in the ileum tissues.The levels of DAO and D-LA in serum increased(P＜0.01),and the mRNA and protein expression of PGAM 5,Drp 1,PINK1,Parkin,and LC3B in the ileum tissues de-creased significantly.Compared with the model group,pancreatic and ileal pathology were improved,mito-chondrial damage in the ileum was reduced,and the number of autophagic vesicles increased in the QJHGD group.The serum levels of DAO and D-LA were re-duced,and the expression of PGAM5,Drp1,PINK1,Parkin,and LC3B mRNA and protein in the ileal tis-sues increased significantly.Conclusions QJHGD may exert a protective effect on the SAP intestinal mu-cosal barrier by regulating the PGAM5/Drp1/PINK1/Parkin axis in order to elevate the level of mitochondri-al autophagy in the intestinal epithelial cells,thereby improving the level of repair of the intestinal epithelial cells.

Objective:To investigate the anti-heart failure mechanism of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)in diabetic cardiomyop-athy independent from coronary artery factors.Methods:A total of 40 diabetic mice after heart failure model construction were randomly divided into two groups,NAC group(n=20,NAC 100mg·kg-1·d-1)and control group(n=20,Saline 100 mg·kg-1·d-1).Echocardiography was performed to detect left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),mitral left ventricular early-dias-tolic peak flow velocity/left ventricular late-diastolic peak flow velocity(E/A),isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT)and cardiac output(CO)after 4 weeks.Terminal uridine nick-end labeling(TUNEL)was performed to detect apoptosis in-dex,and Western Blot was performed to detect the expression of extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK)1/2 after 6 weeks in two groups.Results:Compared to those in control group,mice in NAC group had significant higher LVEF[(40.5±3.4)％vs.(36.9±3.2)％],E/A[(1.5±0.1)vs.(1.4±0.1)]and CO[(10.3±0.6)ml/min vs.(9.9±0.5)ml/min](P＜0.05 or＜0.01);and significant lower LVESV[(23.1±1.3)μl vs.(24.7±1.5)μl],apoptosis index[(31.2±0.5)％vs.(45.1±0.9)％]and the expression of ERK1/2[(2.2±0.2)vs.(3.9±0.1)](P＜0.001 all).Conclusion:NAC exerts anti-heart failure effect by attenuating apoptosis of cardiomyocytes via regulating ERK1/2 pathway.

Aim To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qingjie Huagong decoction in modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in inflammatory response of acute pancreatitis(AP)mice.Methods Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into Blank group,Model group,Ustekin group,and Qingjie Hua-gong decoction group,with six mice in each group.The AP model was prepared by using rain frogin.Serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α lev-els were detected by ELISA;the pancreatic pathology was detected by HE staining;the expressions of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNAs were de-tected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and RT-qPCR.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed obvious pathological damage to the pancreas,with significantly higher serum α-AMS,PN-LP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels(P＜0.01),and significantly higher levels of PI3K,AKT,and NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA expression(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,both the Qingjie Huagong decoction group and the ustekin group improved the histopathological changes in the pancreas of AP mice,decreased the serum α-AMS,PNLP,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-18,and TNF-α levels,and down-reg-ulated the expression levels of pancreatic PI3K,AKT,NF-κB-related proteins and mRNA(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Qingjie Huagong decoction may inhibit the inflammatory response and protect pancreat-ic tissues by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To analyze the effect of Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion on pregnancy outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods:From 2016 to 2023,6 765 cases of oligozoospermia in our hospital were selected as the research objects.The results of Y chromosome microdeletion test were retrospectively analyzed.According to the inclusion exclusion criteria and the principle of propensity distribution 1∶2,180 patients were included in the study.Sixty patients with Y chromosome AZFc microde-letion and ICSI assisted pregnancy were enrolled into the experimental group.The other 120 patients without Y chromosome microde-letion and ICSI assisted pregnancy were included in the control group.Baseline characteristics,five male sex hormones,laboratory em-bryo culture and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in male age,female age,infertility years,gravidity and parity between the two groups(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the five sex hormones of men(P＞0.05).Except for transplantable embryos(P＜0.05),there was no significant difference in other indi-cators in the process of embryo culture.There was no difference in pregnancy outcome indicators between the two groups except for the preterm birth rate(P＜0.05).Conclusion:ICSI assisted pregnancy with Y chromosome AZFc microdeletion has no significant effect on pregnancy outcome.And close follow-up of offspring is required.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of in-testinal mucosal barrier protective effect of Qingjie Huagong decoction(QJHGD)on rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods The SAP rat model was constructed,and the sham-operation group,the model group,the group administered with different dosages of QJHGD,and the positive control group were set up respectively.HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes.ELISA was employed to detect the serum levels of diamine oxidase(DAO)and D-lactic acid(D-LA)in rats.Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to observe the mitochondria of ileal tissues.qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of PGAM5,Drp1,PINK1,Parkin,LC3B in ileal tissues of rats.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,the pancreas and ileum tissues of rats in the model group showed obvious pathological changes,with abnormal mitochondrial structure and reduced number of autoph-agic vesicles in the ileum tissues.The levels of DAO and D-LA in serum increased(P＜0.01),and the mRNA and protein expression of PGAM 5,Drp 1,PINK1,Parkin,and LC3B in the ileum tissues de-creased significantly.Compared with the model group,pancreatic and ileal pathology were improved,mito-chondrial damage in the ileum was reduced,and the number of autophagic vesicles increased in the QJHGD group.The serum levels of DAO and D-LA were re-duced,and the expression of PGAM5,Drp1,PINK1,Parkin,and LC3B mRNA and protein in the ileal tis-sues increased significantly.Conclusions QJHGD may exert a protective effect on the SAP intestinal mu-cosal barrier by regulating the PGAM5/Drp1/PINK1/Parkin axis in order to elevate the level of mitochondri-al autophagy in the intestinal epithelial cells,thereby improving the level of repair of the intestinal epithelial cells.

A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of a child with osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) diagnosed in the Department of Neonatology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University in January 2024.The proband was admitted to hospital due to premature delivery at 30 + 2 weeks, shortness of breath and poor response for 13 days after resuscitation.After birth, the child had no spontaneous breathing with floppy limbs.Tracheal intubation was required for positive pressure ventilation.Cranial ultrasound showed right subventricular hemorrhage with bilateral intraventricular hemorrhage and bilateral parieto-occipital subdural hemorrhage; cardiac ultrasound showed patent ductus arteriosus and tricuspid regurgitation; scrotal ultrasound showed bilateral inguinal cryptorchidism with right testicular hydrocele; gastrointestinal ultrasound showed that the lumen of the transverse colon was filled with many fecal matters with strong echoes.Whole exome sequencing(WES) indicated that the proband carried a hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene, which was inherited from his mother, as verified by Sanger sequencing.The hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene was rated as likely pathogenic (PVS1+ PM2-Supporting) according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG) guidelines, which was not included in the Human Gene Mutation Database(HGMD) database.High-throughput sequencing identified the hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene as the genetic etiology of the proband.This was the first report of AMER1 gene variant leading to OS-CS in China.The study enriches the variation spectrum and clinical phenotype spectrum of the AMER1 gene, providing a valuable foundation for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and subsequent research of the disease.

Objective:To investigate the anti-heart failure mechanism of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)in diabetic cardiomyop-athy independent from coronary artery factors.Methods:A total of 40 diabetic mice after heart failure model construction were randomly divided into two groups,NAC group(n=20,NAC 100mg·kg-1·d-1)and control group(n=20,Saline 100 mg·kg-1·d-1).Echocardiography was performed to detect left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),mitral left ventricular early-dias-tolic peak flow velocity/left ventricular late-diastolic peak flow velocity(E/A),isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT)and cardiac output(CO)after 4 weeks.Terminal uridine nick-end labeling(TUNEL)was performed to detect apoptosis in-dex,and Western Blot was performed to detect the expression of extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK)1/2 after 6 weeks in two groups.Results:Compared to those in control group,mice in NAC group had significant higher LVEF[(40.5±3.4)％vs.(36.9±3.2)％],E/A[(1.5±0.1)vs.(1.4±0.1)]and CO[(10.3±0.6)ml/min vs.(9.9±0.5)ml/min](P＜0.05 or＜0.01);and significant lower LVESV[(23.1±1.3)μl vs.(24.7±1.5)μl],apoptosis index[(31.2±0.5)％vs.(45.1±0.9)％]and the expression of ERK1/2[(2.2±0.2)vs.(3.9±0.1)](P＜0.001 all).Conclusion:NAC exerts anti-heart failure effect by attenuating apoptosis of cardiomyocytes via regulating ERK1/2 pathway.

Objective To explore the application effect of a mobile learning platform for tumor diagnosis and treatment combined with the case-based learning method(CBL)in the standardized training of oncology residents.Methods Fifty-two 2022-level trainees who underwent the resident physician standardized training in the Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from August to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects.Using the random number table method,they were divided into the observation group and the control group,with 26 trainees in each group.The control group adopted the CBL teaching method,while the observation group adopted the tumor diagnosis and treatment mobile learning platform combined with the CBL teaching method.During the graduation assessment,the mastery degree of basic knowl-edge in the oncology specialty,the analysis ability of clinical cases,the performance level of clinical operation skills,and the sat-isfaction with the standardized training in oncology for the two groups of trainees were compared.Results The scores of the obser-vation group students in terms of their mastery of basic knowledge in oncology,their ability to analyze clinical cases,and their satis-faction with the oncology residency training teaching were[(84.42±3.43)points,(85.08±2.94)points,(7.50±1.03)points],which were significantly higher than those of the control group[(82.15±4.32)points,(82.12±3.82)points,(5.89±1.28)points](P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the clinical operation skills scores between the two groups of students(P＞0.05).Conclusion The application of our mobile learning platform for tumor diagnosis and therapy combined with CBL can effectively enhance the educational outcomes and satisfaction in medical oncology standardized residency training.

A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of a child with osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) diagnosed in the Department of Neonatology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University in January 2024.The proband was admitted to hospital due to premature delivery at 30 + 2 weeks, shortness of breath and poor response for 13 days after resuscitation.After birth, the child had no spontaneous breathing with floppy limbs.Tracheal intubation was required for positive pressure ventilation.Cranial ultrasound showed right subventricular hemorrhage with bilateral intraventricular hemorrhage and bilateral parieto-occipital subdural hemorrhage; cardiac ultrasound showed patent ductus arteriosus and tricuspid regurgitation; scrotal ultrasound showed bilateral inguinal cryptorchidism with right testicular hydrocele; gastrointestinal ultrasound showed that the lumen of the transverse colon was filled with many fecal matters with strong echoes.Whole exome sequencing(WES) indicated that the proband carried a hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene, which was inherited from his mother, as verified by Sanger sequencing.The hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene was rated as likely pathogenic (PVS1+ PM2-Supporting) according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG) guidelines, which was not included in the Human Gene Mutation Database(HGMD) database.High-throughput sequencing identified the hemizygous variant of c. 1489C>T(p.Arg497 *) in the AMER1 gene as the genetic etiology of the proband.This was the first report of AMER1 gene variant leading to OS-CS in China.The study enriches the variation spectrum and clinical phenotype spectrum of the AMER1 gene, providing a valuable foundation for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and subsequent research of the disease.