Copy number variation encompassing SNP plays an important role in IVD and precision medi-cine.As the most commonly used method,FISH could not overcome the probe cross-reactivity which is common when to detect SNP.Here we developed a quantitative and qualitative method on copy number variation encompassing SNP.In this study,the rs76711854 was used as an example to establish a quanti-tative method by advantage of probe cross-reactivity.The fragment encompassing rs76711854 and its downstream to 9 514 bp were amplified by PCR.The allelic genotypes were verified by Sanger sequen-cing.Different probes with or without cross-reactivity to be used via quantitative real-time PCR and digit-al PCR.The different clusters(2D)and fluorescence intensity layers(1D)exist by adding probe with cross-reactivity.The A/G ratio measured by digital PCR is 2︰1,which is verified by probe targeting to the SNP.The copy-number variant exists in the 9kb-long fragment upstream to the SNP of prostate cancer cell line but not in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line Ishikawa.The data suggest that there is a multi-copy variation at this locus in DU145 cells.The method applied here is based on one single cross-reactivity probe via digital PCR.

Blood from a case of group B epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis identified in February 2024 in Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,and throat swabs from close contacts were collected for isolation and culture.The isolates were subjected to serogrouping,drug sensitivity testing,and whole genome sequencing and analysis,to provide a basis for epidemiological inves-tigation and clinical drug use.One strain of Neisseria meningitidis was isolated from the blood of the case and denoted group B.The MLST type was ST-7962,with no clonal group attribution.The phylogenetic tree showed that it was genetically close to the 1977 Shanghai carrier isolate(id-52231).Drug sensitivity results indicated that the strain was sensitive to 8 drugs:azithro-mycin,cefotaxime,minocycline,ceftriaxone,chloramphenicol,meropenem,rifampicin,and benzylpenicillin;resistant to cot-rimoxazole,levofloxacin,and ciprofloxacin;and showed an intermediate response to penicillin.This report describes the first case of ST-7962 group B meningoencephalitis found in Jiangxi Province.Monitoring of Neisseria meningitidis carriage,drug re-sistance,and molecular characteristics of strains in the healthy population in this region should be strengthened,to provide la-boratory support for the clinical use of medications,traceability,and control of the pathogen underlying meningoencephalitis infection.

Aim To investigate the effect of cordycepin(COR)on gentamicin(GEN)-induced nephrotoxicity and the molecular mechanism of inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by GEN.Methods The oral SD rats were divided into a control group,GEN group,and GEN+COR group.Following the success-ful setting up of the animal model,the serum creatinine(CR)and urea nitrogen(BUN)levels of rats were measured,and renal tissue injury was assessed using HE staining.In addition,the contents of malondialde-hyde and glutathione in kidney tissues of SD rats in each group were detected,and the expressions of fer-roptosis markers GPX4 and SLC7A11 were analyzed by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,CR and BUN in GEN-stimulated group signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.01),and the level of CR and BUN was effectively reduced after 50 mg·kg-1 COR oral administration.HE results also showed that COR could alleviate the kidney tissue damage caused by GEN.COR could reverse the increase of malondialde-hyde level and the decrease of glutathione level caused by GEN in rat kidney tissue,and COR could restore the decrease of GPX4 and SLC7A11 protein levels induced by GEN.Conclusion COR can reduce GEN-induced kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferrop-tosis.

Objective To explore the ArcCHECK system-based methods for dose verification of ultra-long target for cervical cancer VMAT so as to assure the precision of cervical cancer radiotherapy.Methods A total of 33 patients with ultra-long target(target length≥26 cm)admitted to some hospital for cervical cancer VMAT from 2021 to 2023 were selected retrospectively,and radiotherapy plans were designed for the patients with VMAT technology and verified dosimetrically with different methods.Firstly,the dose distribution data were collected respectively at 5 and 8 cm away from the center of the ArcCHECK system along the bed exit direction,and enrolled into Group Test 1 and Test 2 respectively.Then the ArcCHECK system was flipped 180°,and the dose distribution data were acquired at 8 cm away from the center along the bed exit direction and included into Group Test 3.Dose merging between Group Test 2 and Test 3 with the Merge function was carried out to obtain the dose distribution data which were divided into Group Test 4.The monitor units of Group Test 1,2 and 4 were summarized,and difference analyses were performed on the length of the target area,detection point and irradiation time.Group Test 1,2 and 4 were compared in terms of γ pass rate,normalized dose deviation,confidence limit(CL)of pass rate and acceptance rate(γ pass rate≥95%and γ pass rate≥90%).Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to correlate the parameters such as maximum transverse diameter,length,volume and monitor unit of the target area and expected execution time of the plan.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results Group Test 1,2 and 4 had the monitor unit being(758.76±107.63)MU,and had statistically significant differences in length of the target area,detection point and irradiation time(P<0.01).In Group Test 4 γ pass rate under 2%/2 mm criterion did not reach 90%,and in Group Test 1 and 2 γ pass rates under 3%/3 mm and 3%/2 mm criteria both amounted to 95%.Group Test 1,2 and 4 had statistically significant differences in γ pass rate and normalized dose deviation(all P<0.05).In Group Test 1 there were more than 90%of the verification results where γ pass rate≥95%and more than 95%where γ pass rate≥90%under 3%/3 mm criterion.The monitor unit was positively correlated with the maximum transverse diameter,length and volume of the target area,respectively(0.337≤r≤0.568,P<0.05),and the expected execution time of the plan was positively correlated with the volume and monitor unit of the target area,respectively(0.457≤r≤0.517,P<0.01).Conclusion The dose verification method with the target at 5 cm away from the center along the bed exit direction can be applied clinically with high feasibility to the dose verification during the radiotherapy of the cervical cancer VMAT patients with ultra-long target,with the safety of the verification devices ensured effectively.

Copy number variation encompassing SNP plays an important role in IVD and precision medi-cine.As the most commonly used method,FISH could not overcome the probe cross-reactivity which is common when to detect SNP.Here we developed a quantitative and qualitative method on copy number variation encompassing SNP.In this study,the rs76711854 was used as an example to establish a quanti-tative method by advantage of probe cross-reactivity.The fragment encompassing rs76711854 and its downstream to 9 514 bp were amplified by PCR.The allelic genotypes were verified by Sanger sequen-cing.Different probes with or without cross-reactivity to be used via quantitative real-time PCR and digit-al PCR.The different clusters(2D)and fluorescence intensity layers(1D)exist by adding probe with cross-reactivity.The A/G ratio measured by digital PCR is 2︰1,which is verified by probe targeting to the SNP.The copy-number variant exists in the 9kb-long fragment upstream to the SNP of prostate cancer cell line but not in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line Ishikawa.The data suggest that there is a multi-copy variation at this locus in DU145 cells.The method applied here is based on one single cross-reactivity probe via digital PCR.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)play a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration,and the extracellular vesicle(EV)released by them holds great promise for applications in clinical biomarkers,vaccines,and drug delivery.However,MSCs-derived EV(MSCs-EV)face challenges such as low pro-duction yield,poor retention,and targeted delivery issues.There-fore,engineering MSCs-EV to enhance their performance and en-able visual research has become a hot topic.Curcumin(CUR),an active component in traditional chinese medicine,exhibits pharmacological effects but has limited bioavailability.Using MSCs-EV as a carrier for CUR delivery can address its solubility and bioavailability challenges.This article reviews the drug loading methods,engineering strategies of MSCs-EV,and their important applications in the delivery and treatment of CUR for cartilage injury diseases.It provides a basis for the clinical ap-plication of engineered MSCs-EV in CUR delivery for cartilage repair,offering potential solutions to the challenges in cartilage tissue repair.

Aim To investigate the effect of total fla-vones of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt(CF)on cognitive im-pairment in vascular dementia(VD).Methods The VD rat models were established by modified bilateral common carotid arteries ligation method.SD rats were divided into the sham operation group,model group,positive control group(nicergoline),and low,medium,and high dose CF groups.After eight weeks of admin-istration,the short term memory and spatial learning and memory abilities were evaluated by the platform jumping test,dark avoidance test and Morris water maze test.The pathological changes of the hippocam-pal tissues were inspected by HE and Nissl staining.The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampal were examined by ELISA.The protein expression lev-els of TLR4,MyD88,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 in the hippocampal were detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression levels of miR-93,TLR4,MyD88,and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampal were determined by qRT-PCR.Results CF obviously improved the short term memory and spatial learning and memory abilities of VD rats,and alleviated the pathological damage of the hippocampus.CF also obviously decreased the lev-els of TNF-α and IL-1β,declined the protein expres-sion levels of TLR4,MyD88,and p-NF-κB p65,and re-duced the miR-93,TLR4,and MyD88 mRNA expres-sion in the hippocampus.Conclusion CF has a nota-ble protective effect on the neuroinflammation and cog-nitive impairments in VD rats by inhibiting the miR-93-mediated TLR4 signaling pathway.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as a treasure of the Chinese nation, plays a significant role in maintaining public health. In 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposed for the first time the establishment of a TCM registration and evaluation evidence system that integrates TCM theory, "personal experience" and clinical trials (referred to as the "Three-in-One" System) to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM. Subsequently, the National Medical Products Administration issued several guiding principles to advance the improvement and implementation of this system. Owing to the complexity of its implementation, there are still differing understandings within the TCM industry regarding the positioning of the "Three-in-One" Registration and Evaluation Evidence System, as well as the connotation and value orientation of the "personal experience." To address this, Academician WANG Qi, President of the TCM Association, China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare and TCM master, led a group of academicians, TCM masters, TCM pharmacology experts and clinical TCM experts to convene a "Seminar on Promoting the Implementation of the ′Three-in-One′ Registration and Evaluation Evidence System for Chinese Medicinals." Through extensive discussions, an expert consensus was formed, clarifying the different roles of the TCM theory, "personal experience" and clinical trials within the system. It was further emphasized that the "personal experience" is the core of this system, and its data should be derived from clinical practice scenarios. In the future, the improvement of this system will require collaborative efforts across multiple fields to promote the high-quality development of the Chinese medicinal industry.

This study aims to explore the pharmacodynamic material basis of Jinbei Oral Liquid(JBOL) against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) technology was employed to analyze and identify the components absorbed into rat blood after oral administration of JBOL. Combined with network pharmacology, the study explored the pharmacodynamic material basis and potential mechanism of JBOL against IPF through protein-protein interaction(PPI) network construction, "component-target-pathway" analysis, Gene Ontology(GO) functional enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. First, a total of 114 compounds were rapidly identified in JBOL extract according to the exact relative molecular mass, fragment ions, and other information of the compounds with the use of reference substances and a self-built compound database. Second, on this basis, 70 prototype components in blood were recognized by comparing blank serum with drug-containing serum samples, including 28 flavonoids, 25 organic acids, 4 saponins, 4 alkaloids, and 9 others. Finally, using these components absorbed into blood as candidates, the study obtained 212 potential targets of JBOL against IPF. The anti-IPF mechanism might involve the action of active ingredients such as glycyrrhetinic acid, cryptotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, and forsythoside A on core targets like AKT1, TNF, and ALB and thereby the regulation of multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, HIF-1, and TNF. In conclusion, JBOL exerts the anti-IPF effect through multiple components, targets, and pathways. The results would provide a reference for further study on pharmacodynamic material basis and pharmacological mechanism of JBOL.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics* ; Animals ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Network Pharmacology ; Rats ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Male ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism* ; Humans ; Administration, Oral ; Protein Interaction Maps/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*