BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior among adolescents has become a global public health concern. Anxiety and depression are considered key factors influencing NSSI behavior， while social support may play a protective role in alleviating emotional and behavioral issues. However， existing research has primarily focused on the direct impact of individual factors on NSSI behavior， with insufficient exploration of the combined effects of anxiety， depression and social support. ObjectiveTo investigate the direct effect of anxiety on NSSI， the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of social support in relationship between anxiety and NSSI behavior， thus to provide references for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior among adolescents. MethodsIn February 2022， a total of 40 820 students in grades 7 to 12 across 10 middle schools in a district of Chengdu were selected as participants， and they were assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7）， Patient's Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Social Support Scale for Urban Students （SSSUS） and Adolescent Self-Harm Scale （ASHS）. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlations between scale scores among adolescents with NSSI behaviors. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using Process 3.5 in SPSS， and the significance was tested with bootstrapping. The interaction was visualized by using simple slope analysis. ResultsAmong 34 534 （84.60%） valid respondents， 542 adolescents （1.57%） reported engaging in NSSI behavior. Significant differences in gender， GAD-7 scores， PHQ-9 scores， and SSSUS scores were observed between NSSI behavior group and non-NSSI group （χ²/t=62.889， 71.120， 94.365， -41.464， P<0.01）.Adolesents with NSSI showed positive correlations between GAD-7 scores and both ASHS and PHQ-9 scores （r=0.158， 0.166， P<0.01）. PHQ-9 scores were positively correlated with ASHS scores （r=0.364， P<0.01）， but negatively correlated with SSSUS scores （r=-0.290， P<0.01）. SSSUS scores were negatively correlated with ASHS scores （r=-0.247， P<0.01）. Depression partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and NSSI behavior， with an effect size of 0.544 （95% CI： 0.162~0.944）， accounting for 35.79% of the total effect. Social support moderated the relationship between depression and NSSI bahavior， with an effect value of -0.082 （95% CI： -0.135~-0.029）. ConclusionAnxiety not only directly influences NSSI bahavior among adolescents， also indirectly exacerbates it through depression， while social support mitigates the impact of depression on NSSI behavior. ［Funded by Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82401812）； Project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province （number， 24LCYJPT18）］

A 20-year-old male patient presented to the Department of Dermatology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital with complaints of an 8-year history of facial scarring, swelling of the lower limbs, and a 4-year history of scalp thickening. Physical examination showed thickening furrowing wrinkling of the skin on the face and behind the ears, ciliary body hirsutism, blepharoptosis, and cutis verticis gyrate. Both lower limbs were swollen, especially the knees and ankles. The skin of the palms and soles of the feet was keratinized and thickened. Laboratory examination using bone and joint X-ray showed periostosis of the proximal middle phalanges and metacarpals of both hands, distal ulna and radius, tibia and fibula, distal femurs, and metatarsals.Genetic testing revealed two variants in SLCO2A1, c.1658T > A and c.96+4A > C.Through multidisciplinary consultation, we confirmed the diagnosis of pachydermoperiostosis.

Objective:To investigate the changes in hepatic phase II detoxification enzymes and their mechanism in metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH) induced by a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in mice.Methods:Ten C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups, with five mice in each group, and fed with a control diet (NCD group) and a methionine-choline-deficient diet (MCD group) for four consecutive weeks to establish the MASH model in mice. Mice body weight was recorded weekly. Mice peripheral blood and liver tissue samples were collected after four weeks. The liver histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Sirius red staining in liver tissue. The levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglycerides were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Triglyceride and total cholesterol were used to evaluate the lipid accumulation condition in the liver of mice with Oil red O staining. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of liver inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) condition. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics were used to analyze the changes in gene expression profiles in the liver of mice and screen differentially expressed genes. The expression conditions of phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes glutathione S-transferase mu 4 (GSTM4), dihydronicotinamide riboside:quinone oxidoreductases (NQO-2), sulfotransferase 1β1 (SULT1β1), and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A3(UGT2A3) were verified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Plasma malondialdehyde content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), plasma and liver glutathione content were determined using commercial kits. The expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), GSTM4, and UGT1A6 was examined by Western blotting. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the groups. Results:The body weight of mice in the MCD group showed a gradual downward trend, while the body weight of mice in the NCD group did not change significantly following four weeks of different dietary feeding. The MCD group mice liver had yellow-white appearance with round edges. The liver/body mass index was significantly lower in the NCD group ( t=3.216, P<0.01). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that hepatocytes in the MCD group had an occurrence of fatty degeneration accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration, with a higher NAFLD activity score (NAS) compared to the NCD group ( t=7.155, P<0.001). Sirius red staining showed that the the liver of the MCD group had mildly increased periportal fibers. Plasma biochemical tests indicated that plasma ALT, AST, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the MCD group than those in the NCD group ( t=8.920, P<0.001; t=6.696, P<0.001; t=3.904, P<0.01). Oil red O staining showed that a large number of lipid droplets accumulated in the liver tissue of the MCD group and were more severe than those in the NCD group ( t=7.405, P<0.001). The triglyceride content was significantly higher in the liver of the mice in the MCD group than that in the NCD group ( t=3.559, P<0.01), and the expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β and MCP-1 was significantly increased ( t=2.562 and 2.391, respectively, P<0.05). Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that the expression profile of genes related to lipid metabolism was changed in the liver tissue of the mice in the MCD group. The expression of multiple phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes was significantly downregulated. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR verification demonstrated that the expression of four phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes GSTM4, NQO2, SUIL1β1, and UGT2A3 were significantly lower in the liver of the mice in the MCD group than those in the NCD group ( t=2.498, 3.570, 3.768, and 4.166, respectively, P<0.05). The detection kit showed that compared with the NCD group, the malondialdehyde content in the liver of mice in the MCD group increased ( t=3.601, P<0.01), while the plasma total glutathione ( t=11.93, P<0.001) and reduced glutathione levels were significantly reduced ( t=3.635, P<0.01). The total antioxidant capacity of the liver decreased ( t=2.872, P<0.05), and the total glutathione and reduced glutathione levels in the liver were significantly increased ( t=3.175 and 3.064, P<0.05). Western blotting showed that the expression of Nrf2, GSTM4, and UGT1A6 proteins was significantly lower in the MCD group than that in the NCD group ( t=3.385, 2.990, 2.168, P<0.05). Conclusions:The expressions of multiple phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes and antioxidant capacity are reduced in the liver of MASH mice induced by the MCD diet, and its mechanism is related to the down-regulation of the expression of the upstream regulatory factor Nrf2 protein.

In hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), the programmed cell death known as ferroptosis is significantly activated. Microglial cells demonstrate a high level of sensitivity to iron accumulation. Understanding how to regulate the dual role of microglia and transforming the microglial ferroptosis to a moderate and controllable process has considerable implications for the targeted treatment in HIBD. This paper serves as an overview of microglia-mediated ferroptosis in HIBD as a disease model. We discuss various aspects centered around microglia, including pathophysiological mechanisms, polarization and functions of microglia, molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, signaling pathways, and therapeutic strategies. The review aims to provide a reference for studies of ferroptosis in microglia.
Microglia/physiology* ; Ferroptosis/physiology* ; Humans ; Animals ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/pathology* ; Signal Transduction

Objective Radial artery occlusion(RAO)is one of the common complications following coronary intervention via the traditional radial artery approach.This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of retrograde recanalization of occluded radial arteries through the distal transradial approach(dTRA)approach.Methods A total of 35 patients with RAO admitted to the cardiovascular department of the Anhui Chest hospital between December 2022 and April 2024,who were scheduled to undergo coronary intervention and had attempted recanalization of RAO via dTRA approach were selected.The primary result was the success rate of recanalizing RAO via dTRA.The secondary results included factors influencing the failure of recanalization via dTRA,postoperative puncture complications,and the patency rate at the 3-month follow-up.Results This study divided the patients into a successful group(29 cases,82.9％)and a failed group(6 cases,17.1％)based on whether the distal radial artery was successfully opened and occluded.The proportion of smoking(100.00％vs.17.24％,P=0.040),history of diabetes(100.00％vs.10.34％,P=0.025),and chronic total occlusion of coronary artery(83.33％vs.17.24％,P=0.030)in the failure group were higher than those in the success group,and the difference was statistically significant.The application rate of balloon tracking assisted technology in the failed group(16.67％vs.58.62％,P=0.045),and the diameter of the radial artery at 3 days after surgery[(1.63±0.13)mm vs.(2.13±0.32)mm,P=0.021]and the peak radial artery blood flow velocity at 3 days postoperatively[(0.10±0.78)m/s vs.(0.50±0.13)m/s,P＜0.001]were all lower in the successful group,and the differences were statistically significant.Logistic regression analysis 3 days after surgery showed that chronic complete occlusion of the coronary artery was an independent risk factor for surgical opening failure(OR 0.042,95％CI 0.004-0.438,P=0.008).After 3 months of follow-up,the patency rate of the successful group was 55.2％.Conclusions Retrograde recanalization of RAO via dTRA is safe and feasible,but its long-term patency rate is not high.