Objective To investigate the expression of SORT1 in the gastric cancer tissue and analyze its relationship with clinical prognosis of patients as well as the pathways and mechanisms involved in gastric cancer progression.Methods The Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis database,Western blot,and immunohistochemistry were employed to predict and analyze the expression of SORT1 in the gastric cancer and the adjacent tissue.The clinical case information of 109 patients who underwent radical surgery for gastric cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from April 2015 to April 2017 was collected to analyze the relationship of SORT1 with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the patients.Cell proliferation was detected by the CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay,while cell migration and invasion were assessed by the scratch assay and Transwell assay,respectively.Western blot was employed to determine the expression of proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in gastric cancer cells,followed by further analysis on molecular mechanism through which SORT1 regulates EMT in gastric cancer cells.Results Western blot and immunocytochemistry results showed that SORT1 was highly expressed in the gastric cancer tissue(P=0.003,P<0.001),which was positively correlated with malignant progression of tumors(all P<0.05).The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed shortened postoperative survival periods for the patients with high expression of SORT1(P<0.001).The Cox regression model indicated that SORT1 expression was an independent risk factor affecting the 5-year survival rate after surgery for gastric cancer patients(P<0.001).Up-regulation of SORT1 expression promoted the proliferation,migration,invasion,and EMT of gastric cancer cells(all P<0.05),while down-regulation of SORT1 showed the opposite effects(all P<0.05).Western blot results showed that high expression of SORT1 promoted the expression of β-catenin,cyclin D1,and c-Myc(all P<0.05).Moreover,in vitro use of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor(XAV939)effectively suppressed the EMT enhancement caused by high expression of SORT1 in gastric cancer cells(all P<0.05).Conclusions SORT1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer and affects patients' postoperative survival periods.It is involved in the proliferation,migration,and invasion of gastric cancer cells and may promote the EMT of gastric cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Cell Movement ; Prognosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged

Objective To study the population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships by combining Y-STR haplotype genetic information from the Han population in Dalian with 32 domestic and foreign groups.Methods Blood samples of 958 Han male volunteers from Dalian were collected.Genetic typing of 42 genetic loci was completed using Y-STR fluorescent reagent kits and capillary electrophoresis.Related forensic parameters were calculated.Nei's standard genetic distances among 33 populations based on 17 Y-STR loci were computed,in order to create a principal coordinate analysis as well as construct a phylogenetic tree.Results The analysis of genetic polymorphisms at 42 Y-STR loci revealed 30 unconventional alleles at 10 loci.Genetic analysis of the population based on 17 Y-STR loci confirmed that Dalian's Han population had the closest genetic distance to the Anshan's Han population,followed by populations from Henan,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Shandong,and Chongqing.Furthermore,the genetic distances between the Han population in Dalian and the Qiang population in Beichuan or the Miao population in Guizhou were relatively closer than that to the Manchu population living in Liaoning.Conclusion The genetic distance between the Han population in Dalian and other groups is not entirely proportional to ethnicities and geographical proximity.Both population migration and ethnic assimilation or isolation may have influence on it.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of linarin(LIN)against microglia activation-mediated inflammation and neuronal apoptosis following spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods Fifty C57BL/6J mice(8-10 weeks old)were randomized to receive sham operation,SCI and linarin treatment at 12.5,25,and 50 mg/kg following SCI(n=10).Locomotor function recovery of the SCI mice was assessed using the Basso Mouse Scale,inclined plane test,and footprint analysis,and spinal cord tissue damage and myelination were evaluated using HE and LFB staining.Nissl staining,immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were used to observe surviving anterior horn motor neurons in injured spinal cord tissue.In cultured BV2 cells,the effects of linarin against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced microglia activation,inflammatory factor release and signaling pathway changes were assessed with immunofluorescence staining,Western blotting,RT-qPCR,and ELISA.In a BV2 and HT22 cell co-culture system,Western blotting was performed to examine the effect of linarin against HT22 cell apoptosis mediated by LPS-induced microglia activation.Results Linarin treatment significantly improved locomotor function(P<0.05),reduced spinal cord damage area,increased spinal cord myelination,and increased the number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the SCI mice(P<0.05).In both SCI mice and cultured BV2 cells,linarin effectively inhibited glial cell activation and suppressed the release of iNOS,COX-2,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β,resulting also in reduced neuronal apoptosis in SCI mice(P<0.05).Western blotting suggested that linarin-induced microglial activation inhibition was mediated by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.In the cell co-culture experiments,linarin treatment significantly decreased inflammation-mediated apoptosis of HT22 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of linarin is medicated by inhibition of microglia activation via suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,which mitigates neural inflammation and reduce neuronal apoptosis to enhance motor function of the SCI mice.

Objective:To systematically review the current status of research on risk prediction models for feeding intolerance (FI) in patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN), and to provide a reference for medical workers to select, apply, and calibrate models, or to construct related prediction models. Methods:A literature search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, WanFang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases published on risk prediction models for FI in patients receiving EN. The search time was limited from the database establishment to February 28, 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature, extracted relevant information, and evaluated the bias and applicability of the included studies. Results:A total of 10 studies were included, involving 14 models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the included models ranged from 0.70 to 0.889. The top three predictors in the included models were age, mechanical ventilation, and albumin level, with albumin level being a protective factor. Conclusion:The occurrence of FI in patients receiving EN is related to advanced age, mechanical ventilation, and low albumin level. The existing risk prediction models have a high risk of bias. In the future, appropriate machine learning algorithms should be selected, and large-sample, multicenter studies should be conducted to construct FI risk prediction models with universal applicability. Targeted preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of FI.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of linarin(LIN)against microglia activation-mediated inflammation and neuronal apoptosis following spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods Fifty C57BL/6J mice(8-10 weeks old)were randomized to receive sham operation,SCI and linarin treatment at 12.5,25,and 50 mg/kg following SCI(n=10).Locomotor function recovery of the SCI mice was assessed using the Basso Mouse Scale,inclined plane test,and footprint analysis,and spinal cord tissue damage and myelination were evaluated using HE and LFB staining.Nissl staining,immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were used to observe surviving anterior horn motor neurons in injured spinal cord tissue.In cultured BV2 cells,the effects of linarin against lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced microglia activation,inflammatory factor release and signaling pathway changes were assessed with immunofluorescence staining,Western blotting,RT-qPCR,and ELISA.In a BV2 and HT22 cell co-culture system,Western blotting was performed to examine the effect of linarin against HT22 cell apoptosis mediated by LPS-induced microglia activation.Results Linarin treatment significantly improved locomotor function(P<0.05),reduced spinal cord damage area,increased spinal cord myelination,and increased the number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the SCI mice(P<0.05).In both SCI mice and cultured BV2 cells,linarin effectively inhibited glial cell activation and suppressed the release of iNOS,COX-2,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β,resulting also in reduced neuronal apoptosis in SCI mice(P<0.05).Western blotting suggested that linarin-induced microglial activation inhibition was mediated by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.In the cell co-culture experiments,linarin treatment significantly decreased inflammation-mediated apoptosis of HT22 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of linarin is medicated by inhibition of microglia activation via suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,which mitigates neural inflammation and reduce neuronal apoptosis to enhance motor function of the SCI mice.

The current situation of artificial intelligence(AI)was introduced when applied in the key links of cardiovascular health management such as risk prediction,early screening,clinical decision support and health consultation and education.The deficiencies of AI during the application were analyzed,and the prospects and development directions of AI in cardiovascular health management were pointed out.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(2):92-96]

Based on the UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS metabonomics technology, the effect of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster was studied, and the change rule of endogenous metabolites in the aging process of Drosophila melanogaster after the intervention of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker japonicus was explored to clarify the anti-aging mechanism of Hippocampus. The natural aging model of Drosophila melanogaster was used. Different doses of raw Hippocampus and fried Hippocampus were given to observe the effects on the life span, climbing ability, sexual activity, and antioxidant enzyme activity of Drosophila melanogaster. Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS metabolomics technology, the metabolic profile of the aging Drosophila melanogaster was analyzed using metabonomics technology to explore the mechanism of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker delaying the aging of Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that raw Hippocampus and crispy Hippocampus (1, 4 mg·mL^-1) could significantly prolong the average life span, median life span and maximum life span of male fruit flies, and significantly improve the climbing ability and sexual vitality of fruit flies. Catalase (CAT) and aldehyde content were increased, while malonaldehyde (MDA) content was decreased. Through metabonomics technology, it was identified that the Hippocampus can significantly recall 16 metabolites and participate in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, starch and sucrose metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and histidine metabolism. The anti-aging mechanism is related to amino acid metabolism and sugar metabolism, which provides a substantial scientific basis for the development and utilization of Hippocampus and clarifying its role in senile diseases. The animal experiment of this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanxi University (approval number: SXULL2021028).

We wished to establish an expert consensus on late stage of critical care (CC) management. The panel comprised 13 experts in CC medicine. Each statement was assessed based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) principle. Then, the Delphi method was adopted by 17 experts to reassess the following 28 statements. (1) ESCAPE has evolved from a strategy of delirium management to a strategy of late stage of CC management. (2) The new version of ESCAPE is a strategy for optimizing treatment and comprehensive care of critically ill patients (CIPs) after the rescue period, including early mobilization, early rehabilitation, nutritional support, sleep management, mental assessment, cognitive-function training, emotional support, and optimizing sedation and analgesia. (3) Disease assessment to determine the starting point of early mobilization, early rehabilitation, and early enteral nutrition. (4) Early mobilization has synergistic effects upon the recovery of organ function. (5) Early functional exercise and rehabilitation are important means to promote CIP recovery, and gives them a sense of future prospects. (6) Timely start of enteral nutrition is conducive to early mobilization and early rehabilitation. (7) The spontaneous breathing test should be started as soon as possible, and a weaning plan should be selected step-by-step. (8) The waking process of CIPs should be realized in a planned and purposeful way. (9) Establishment of a sleep-wake rhythm is the key to sleep management in post-CC management. (10) The spontaneous awakening trial, spontaneous breathing trial, and sleep management should be carried out together. (11) The depth of sedation should be adjusted dynamically in the late stage of CC period. (12) Standardized sedation assessment is the premise of rational sedation. (13) Appropriate sedative drugs should be selected according to the objectives of sedation and drug characteristics. (14) A goal-directed minimization strategy for sedation should be implemented. (15) The principle of analgesia must be mastered first. (16) Subjective assessment is preferred for analgesia assessment. (17) Opioid-based analgesic strategies should be selected step-by-step according to the characteristics of different drugs. (18) There must be rational use of non-opioid analgesics and non-drug-based analgesic measures. (19) Pay attention to evaluation of the psychological status of CIPs. (20) Cognitive function in CIPs cannot be ignored. (21) Delirium management should be based on non-drug-based measures and rational use of drugs. (22) Reset treatment can be considered for severe delirium. (23) Psychological assessment should be conducted as early as possible to screen-out high-risk groups with post-traumatic stress disorder. (24) Emotional support, flexible visiting, and environment management are important components of humanistic management in the intensive care unit (ICU). (25) Emotional support from medical teams and families should be promoted through"ICU diaries"and other forms. (26) Environmental management should be carried out by enriching environmental content, limiting environmental interference, and optimizing the environmental atmosphere. (27) Reasonable promotion of flexible visitation should be done on the basis of prevention of nosocomial infection. (28) ESCAPE is an excellent project for late stage of CC management.
Humans ; Consensus ; Critical Care/methods* ; Intensive Care Units ; Pain/drug therapy* ; Analgesics/therapeutic use* ; Delirium/therapy* ; Critical Illness