The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) industry is a crucial part of China's pharmaceutical sector and plays a strategic role in ensuring public health and promoting economic and social development. In response to the practical demand for high-quality development of the TCM industry, this paper focused on the bottlenecks encountered during the digital and intelligent transformation of TCM production systems. Specifically, it explored technical strategies and methodologies for constructing the best TCM production mode. An innovative artificial intelligence(AI)-centered technical architecture for TCM production was proposed, focusing on key aspects of production management including process modeling, state evaluation, and decision optimization. Furthermore, a series of critical technologies were developed to realize the best TCM production mode. Finally, a novel AI-driven TCM production mode characterized by a closed-loop system of "measurement-modeling-decision-execution" was presented through engineering case studies. This study is expected to provide a technological pathway for developing new quality productive forces within the TCM industry.
Artificial Intelligence ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among seminal oxidation-reduction potential (nORP), sperm DNA fragmentation (DFI) and semen parameters in patients with varicocele. METHODS: Clinical data of 522 patients treated in the reproductive andrology clinic of the Northern Theater General Hospital from November 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 435 men of childbearing age and 87 men of infertile age. The patients were divided into the varicocele group (n=116) and non-varicocele group (n=406) according to clinical diagnosis. The differences of seminal plasma nORP, DFI, sperm high DNA stain ability (HDS) and semen parameters were analyzed between the two groups. The relationship among general clinical data, seminal plasma nORP, semen parameters, DFI and HDS in patients with varicocele were further analyzed. According to the severity of varicocele, the patients were divided into three groups, including mild, moderate and severe. And the differences of seminal plasma nORP and semen parameters, DFI and HDS among all groups were analyzed. The differences of seminal plasma nORP, semen parameters, DFI and HDS were compared between the varicocele and non-varicocele groups. RESULTS: The total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility sperm percentage (PR%) and normal sperm morphology rate (NSMR) in patients with varicocele were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). And seminal plasma nORP, DFI and HDS in patients with varicocele were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Seminal plasma nORP in patients with varicocele was significantly negatively correlated with total sperm, sperm concentration and NSMR (P<0.05), and significantly positively correlated with DFI and HDS (P<0.05). There were significant differences in nORP, total sperm count, sperm concentration, PR%, DFI and HDS among mild, moderate and severe varicocele groups (P<0.05). Seminal plasma nORP, sperm concentration, PR% and DFI in severe group were significantly lower than those in mild and moderate groups(P<0.05). Sperm count and HDS in severe group were significantly lower than those in mild group (P<0.05). In infertile patients, seminal plasma nORP, DFI and HDS in varicocele group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). And PR% in varicocele group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Seminal plasma nORP in patients with varicocele may be an important marker of oxidative stress affecting DFI and semen parameters.
Humans ; Male ; Varicocele/metabolism* ; Semen/metabolism* ; Spermatozoa ; Sperm Count ; Infertility, Male ; Retrospective Studies ; DNA Fragmentation ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Semen Analysis ; Adult ; Sperm Motility

Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetics(PK)of tenofovir alafenamide Fumarate tablets(25 mg)in healthy Chinese subjects after single oral administration to provide a basis for bioequivalence evaluation.Methods Using a single-dose,randomized,open-lable,two-period,two-way crossover design under fasting condition,while three-way crossover design under fed condition,42 healthy subjects respectively for fasting and fed study were enrolled,and randomized into two groups to receive a single dose of test product(T)or reference product(R)25 mg.Plasma concentration of tenofovir alafenamide and tenofovir were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by WinNonlin software(8.1 version)using non-compartmental model,and bioequivalence evaluation was performed for the two preparations.Relevant safety evaluations were performed during the trial.Results The test product and the reference product under fasting study,the main PK parameters of tenofovir alafenamide were as follows:Cmax were(215.17±94.24)and(199.30±71.11)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(135.44±71.60)and(123.91±53.82)h·ng·mL-1;the main PK parameters of tenofovir were as follows:Cmax were(7.30±2.27)and(7.12±1.74)ng·mL-1,AUC0-t of tenofovir were(237.16±47.09)and(230.06±43.41)h·ng·mL-1,respectively.The test product and the reference product under fed study,the main PK parameters of tenofovir were as follows:Cmax were(197.69±82.19)and(197.10±110.54)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(197.69±82.19)and(197.10±110.54)h·ng·mL-1;the main PK parameters of tenofovir were as follows:CMax were(2.57±1.37)and(2.58±1.31)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(227.08±74.33)and(238.51±128.30)h·ng·mL-1,respectively.The 90％confidence interval for geometric mean ratio of Cmax,AUC0-tof T and R under fed condition were between 80.00％-125.00％,respectively.The incidence of adverse events in fasting and fed tests was 21.43％and 30.95％,respectively,and no serious adverse event was reported.Conclusion The test formulation and reference formulation of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate tablets were equivalent and was safe.

Objective:To investigate the concern about pollen broadcasting in Chinese population from multiple dimensions and to understand the information about allergic rhinitis (AR) in China by analyzing related factors.Methods:From March 1 to September 30, 2022, a large-scale multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the Questionnaire Star platform in 21 Chinese hospitals. A total of 7 056 subjects from 7 regions in China: Northeast, North, East, Central, South, Southwest, and Northwest China were included. Basic characteristics (including social demographic characteristics and disease characteristics of AR patients), concern about pollen broadcasting, the willingness of pollen-induced AR (PiAR) patients to receive pollen broadcasting, and the treatment satisfaction rate of AR patients were collected. The chi-square test, multivariate linear regression model, and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the concern about pollen broadcasting in the Chinese population and related factors from multiple dimensions.Results:Among 7 056 subjects, 23.02% were concerned about pollen broadcasting. Among 3 176 self-reported AR and 1 019 PiAR patients, 25.60% and 39.16% were concerned about pollen broadcasting, respectively, which was higher than that of non-AR or non-PiAR subjects ( χ2 value was 21.74 and 175.11, respectively, both P<0.001). Among AR patients, the proportion of spring and autumn allergen-positive patients concerned about pollen broadcasting was higher than that in perennial allergen-positive patients ( χ2 value was 20.90 and 19.51, respectively, both P<0.001). The proportion of AR patients with asthma, sinusitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was higher than those without complications ( χ2 value was 50.83, 21.97, 56.78, 7.62, respectively, all P<0.05). The proportion of AR patients in North China who could find pollen broadcasting locally was 31.01%, significantly higher than those in other regions (all P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression model analysis showed that among PiAR patients, those with higher per capita household income and higher AR disease cognition levels had been concerned about pollen broadcasting in the past, and those complicated with allergic conjunctivitis had stronger intention to receive pollen broadcasting (B value was 0.24, 0.13, 0.66, 0.47, respectively, all P<0.05). The higher the disease cognition level of PiAR patients, the stronger their willingness to actively participate in treatment ( R2=0.72, P<0.001). Only 18.89% of AR patients felt satisfied with the treatment effect. Logistic regression analysis showed that in AR patients, the treatment satisfaction rate was significantly higher among those concerned about pollen broadcasting compared to those who were not ( OR=1.83, P<0.001). Conclusions:Currently, the dissemination of pollen broadcasting in China is hindered by various factors such as disease cognition level. The treatment satisfaction among AR patients remains unsatisfactory.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the methanol fraction of Premna fulva Craib leaves and their anti-inflammatory activities.METHODS The methanol fraction from P.fluva were isolated and purified by TLC,column chromatography,and HSCCC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro were evaluated by RAW264.7 model.RESULTS Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as vitexin(1),balanophonin(2),inotodisaccharide(3),4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),dehydrovomifoliol(5),loliolide(6),(E)-4-((1S,3R,4R)-1-hydroxy-4,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl)but-1-en-3-o-ne(7),(E)-4-hydroxyphenylprop-7-ene 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),4-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoic acid(9),vicenin(10),oleanicacid(11),sesamin(12),respectively.Compounds 1,2,5,7,10,and 12 showed good inhibitory activities against NO,and the IC50 values were(26.42±2.5)、(21.24±2.2)、(25.88±1.9)、(29.72±2.1)、(8.90±1.1)、(9.73±0.7)μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 2,4-8 are isolated from Premna genus plants for the first time.Compounds 1,2,5,7,10,12 have anti-inflammatory activities.

Objective:To discover the relationship between the RNF213 gene and acute myeloid leukemia(AML),and explore the effect of RNF213 on the proliferation and apoptosis of THP-1 cells.Methods:Analyze the expression of RNF213 gene in AML and its relationship with prognosis through the GEPIA database.Collecting 30 AML patients and non-tumor hematological patients who went to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2017 to January 2022.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of RNF213 mRNA and protein.Perform survival of patients was analysed by Kaplan-Meier.Meanwhile,the expression levels of RNF213 mRNA and protein were detected in AML cell lines(THP-1,OCI-AML2).CRISPR-Cas9 was used to knockdown the RNF213 gene in THP-1 cells;flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis rate of cell.CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation.Western blot was used to detect the expression level of Cleaved-Caspase 3 protein.Results:Compared with the control group,the expression level of RNF213 in AML patients was significantly increased,and patients with high expression of RNF213 have a worse prgnosis.Higher expression level of RNF213 protein in THP-1 cells.After knocking down the RNF213 gene of THP-1 cells,cell proliferation was significantly reduced,and the apoptosis rate and expression of apoptosis related protein Cleared-Caspase3 were significantly increased.Conclusion:AML patients have high expression of RNF213,and the prognosis of high expression patients is poor.The RNF213 gene affects AML cell proliferation and apoptosis,and may be a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for AML.

Aim To explore the effects of Huannao Yicong decoction(HYD)on the learning and memory ability and brain iron metabolism in APP/PS1 mice and the correlation of HAMP knockout mice and APP/PS1 double transgenic model mice.Methods The ex-periment was divided into five groups,namely,HAMP-/-group(6-month HAMP gene knockout mice),APP/PS1 group(6-month APP/PS1-double-transgenic mice),HAMP-/-+HYD,APP/PS1+HYD,and negative control group(6-month C57BL/6J mice),with six mice in each group.The dose was ad-ministered(13.68 g·kg-1 weight),and the other groups received distilled water for gavage once a day for two months.After the administration of the drug,the mice in each group were tested for learning and memory in the Morris water maze;Biochemical detec-tion was performed to detect iron ion content in each mouse brain;Western blot and RT-qPCR were carried out to analyze hippocampal transferrin(TF),transfer-rin receptor1(TFR1),membrane iron transporter1(FPN1)divalent metal ion transporter 1(DMT1)and β-amyloid protein(Aβ)protein and mRNA expression levels in each group.Results Compared with the normal group,both HAMP-/-mice and APP/PS1 mice had reduced the learning and memory capacity,in-creased iron content in brain tissue,Aβ protein ex-pression increased in hippocampus of HAMP-/-group and APP/PS1 group mice(P＜0.01),the protein and mRNA expression of TF,TFR1 and DMT1 increased in hippocampal tissues of HAMP-/-and APP/PS1 groups(P＜0.01),and the FPN1 protein and mRNA expres-sion decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with the HAMP-and APP/PS1 groups,respectively,HAMP-/-+HYD group and APP/PS1+HYD group had improved learning and memory ability,decreased iron content,decreased Aβ protein expression(P＜0.01),decreased TF,TFR1,DMT1 protein and mR-NA expression(P＜0.01),and increased expression of FPN1 protein and mRNA(P＜0.01).Conclusions There is some association between HAMP-/-mice and APP/PS1 mice,HYD can improve the learning and memory ability of HAMP-/-and APP/PS1 mice and reduce the Aβ deposition.The mechanism may be related to the regulation of TF,TFR1,DMT1,FPN1 expression and improving brain iron overload.

Objective:To explore diagnostic value of echocardiography indexes for moderate-severe stenosis in CHD patients and their correlation with cardiac function class.Methods:A total of 90 CHD patients admitted to our hos-pital from Dec 2020 to Dec 2022 were selected as CHD group.According to NYHA classification,CHD group was divided into class Ⅰ～Ⅱ group(n=38)and class Ⅲ～Ⅳ group(n=52).The patients were divided into mild group(n=35)and moderate-severe group(n=55)according to Gensini score.In addition,90 healthy people who sim-ultaneously received physical examination in our hospital were enrolled as control group.LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd were measured in two groups by color ultrasound diagnostic instrument.Cardiac function indexes were com-pared between control group and CHD group,mild group and moderate-severe group,class Ⅰ～Ⅱ group and classⅢ～Ⅳ group.ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of above cardiac function indexes for moderate-severe stenosis in CHD patients.The correlation among LVEF,LVEDd,LVESd,different stenosis degree and NYHA class in CHD patients was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Compared with the control group,there was significant reduction in LVEF,and significant rise in LVEDd and LVESd in CHD group,P=0.001 all;compared with the mild group,there was significant reduction in LVEF[(45.31±5.08)％vs.(40.34±3.01)％],and significant rise in LVEDd[(53.92±5.09)mm vs.(61.68±4.79)mm]and LVESd[(52.72±4.72)mm vs.(58.06±3.50)mm]in moderate-severe group,P=0.001 all;compared with the class Ⅰ～Ⅱgroup,there was significant reduction in LVEF[(45.07±4.95)％vs.(40.23±3.06)％],and significant rise in LVEDd[(54.50±5.30)mm vs.(61.71±4.91)mm]and LVESd[(52.92±4.63)mm vs.(58.22±3.43)mm]in class Ⅲ～Ⅳ group,P=0.001 all.AUC of combined detection of LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd diagnosing moder-ate-severe stenosis in CHD was 0.909,which was significantly higher than those of single detections(0.733,0.787,0.789)(Z=2.925,2.125,2.043,P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between LVEF and NYHA class(r=-0.514),LVEDd and LVESd showed a significant posi-tive correlation with NYHA class(r=0.538,0.546,P=0.001 both),and it showed a significant positive correla-tion between different degrees of coronary stenosis and NYHA class in CHD patients(r=0.875,P=0.001).Con-clusion:The combined detection of LVEF,LVEDd and LVESd possesses high diagnostic value for moderate-se-vere stenosis in CHD patients,and it is significantly correlated with NYHA cardiac function class,which can be used as one of assessing methods for coronary stenosis severity in CHD patients.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Fructus lycii in improving exercise fatigue.Methods A network pharmacological approach was used to explore potential mechanisms of action of Fructus lycii. Skeletal muscle C2C12 cells and immunofluorescence were employed to verify the effect and mechanism of the representative components in Fructus lycii predicted by network pharmacological analysis.Results Six potential active components, namely quercetin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, 7-O-methylluteolin-6-C-beta-glucoside_qt, atropine, and glycitein, were identified to have potency in improving exercise fatigue via multiple pathways, such as the PI3K-Akt, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, IL-17, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways. The immunofluorescence results indicated that quercetin, a significant active component in Fructus lycii, increased the mean staining area of 2-NBDG, TMRM, and MitoTracker, and decreased the area of CellRox compared to the control. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of p-38 MAPK, p-MAPK, p-JNK, p-PI3K, and p-AKT markedly increased after quercetin treatment.Conclusion Fructus lycii might alleviate exercise fatigue through multiple components and pathways. Among these, quercetin appears to improve exercise fatigue by enhancing energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. The PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways also appear to play a role in this process.