ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the intervention effect of Renqing Mangjue on the malignant transformation of gastric mucosal epithelial cells induced by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG） and to explore its molecular mechanism in preventing precancerous lesions of gastric cancer based on the cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP）/protein kinase G （PKG）/mitogen-activated protein kinase （MEK）/extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） signaling pathway. MethodsHuman gastric mucosal epithelial cells （GES-1） were initially induced by MNNG to establish a precancerous cell model （MC cells）. The effective concentration of MNNG for inducing malignant transformation in GES-1 cells was screened using the cell proliferation activity decection （CCK-8） assay， and the effective concentration of Renqing Mangjue for inhibiting the proliferation of transformed GES-1 cells was also determined. GES-1 cells were divided into a blank control group， a model group， and treatment groups with Renqing Mangjue at concentrations of 1， 3， 10， and 30 mg·L^-1. Furthermore， the effects of Renqing Mangjue on the migratory ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） characteristics of GES-1 malignant transformed cells were evaluated using Transwell migration assays， wound healing assays， and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Additionally， candidate chemical components and target sites of Renqing Mangjue were obtained from the TCMIP v2.0 database， and disease targets at various stages of gastric cancer precursors were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO） database. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the Metascape database to predict the potential mechanisms of action of Renqing Mangjue. Finally， the protective mechanism of Renqing Mangjue against gastric cancer precursors was validated through Western blot analysis. ResultsAt a concentration of 20 μmol·L^-1， MNNG exhibited an inhibition rate of approximately 50% on GES-1 cells （P<0.01）， and at this concentration， the GES-1 cells displayed biological characteristics indicative of malignant transformation. In contrast， Renqing Mangjue had no significant effect on the proliferation of normal GES-1 cells， but significantly inhibited the proliferation of MC cells （P<0.01） and markedly reduced their migratory capacity （P<0.01）. Moreover， it also increased the mRNA expression level of E-cadherin during the EMT process （P<0.05）， while inhibiting the expression of both N-cadherin and the transcription factor Snail mRNA （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Network predictions suggested that Renqing Mangjue may prevent gastric cancer precursors through modulating the cGMP/PKG and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Furthermore， Western blot results indicated that Renqing Mangjue upregulated the expression of PKG and NPRB （B-type natriuretic peptide receptor） proteins in the cGMP/PKG pathway （P<0.01）， while downregulating the expression of the downstream proteins MEK and ERK （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionIn summary， Renqing Mangjue can prevent gastric cancer precursors by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of malignant transformed GES-1 cells， thereby delaying the EMT process. The underlying mechanisms may be related to the activation of the cGMP/PKG pathway and the inhibition of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of Echinococcus multilocularis infection on levels of memory T (Tm) cells and their subsets in lymph nodes of mice at different stages of infection, so as to provide new insights into immunotherapy for alveolarechinococcosis. MethodsTwenty-four C57BL/6J mice aged 6 to 9 weeks were randomly divided into the infection group and the control group, of 12 mice in each group. Mice in the infection group were administered with 3 000 E. multilocularis protoscoleces via portal venous injection, while animals in the control group were administered with an equal volume of physiological saline. Three mice from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-infection, and lymph nodes were sampled and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to investigate the histopathological changes of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group. The expression and localization of T lymphocyte surface markers CD3, CD4, and CD8 were observed in mouse lymph nodes using immunohistochemical staining. In addition, lymphocyte suspensions were prepared from mouse lymph nodes in both groups at different time points post-infection, and the levels of Tm cell subsets and their secreted cytokines were detected using flow cytometry. Results HE staining showed diffuse structural alterations in the subcapsular cortical and paracortical regions of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group 4 weeks post-infection with E. multilocularis. Immunohistochemical staining detected CD3, CD4 and CD8 expression in mouse lymph nodes in both groups. Flow cytometry revealed higher proportions of CD4⁺ Tm cells [(55.3 ± 4.8)% vs. (38.8 ± 6.1)%; t = -4.259, P < 0.05] and CD4⁺ tissue-resident Tm (Trm) cells [(57.7 ± 3.7)% vs. (34.1 ± 11.2)%; t = -3.990, P < 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks post-infection, and higher proportions of CD4⁺ Tm cells [(34.6 ± 3.2)% vs. (23.3 ± 7.5)%; t = -2.764, P < 0.05] and CD4⁺ Trm cells [(44.0 ± 1.9)% vs. (31.2 ± 1.5)%; t = -4.039, P < 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 24 weeks post-infection. The proportions of CD8⁺ Tm cells were higher in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks [(56.8 ± 2.7)% vs. (43.9 ± 5.2)%; t = -4.416, P < 0.01] and 12 weeks post-infection [(25.4 ± 2.7)% vs. (12.0 ± 2.6)%; t = -2.552, P < 0.05], while the proportions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α⁺ CD4⁺ T cells [(15.7 ± 5.0)% vs. (49.4 ± 6.4)%; t = 7.150, P < 0.01], TNF-α⁺CD8⁺ T cells [(20.7 ± 5.5)% vs. (57.5 ± 8.4)%; t = -6.694, P < 0.01], and TNF-α⁺ CD8⁺ Tm cells [7.0% (1.0%) vs. 31.0% (11.0%); Z = -2.236, P < 0.05] were lower in the infection group than in the control group 24 weeks post-infection. Conclusions Tm cells levels are consistently increased in lymph nodes of mice at different stages of E. multilocularis infection, with Trm cells as the predominantly elevated subset. The impaired capacity of CD8⁺ Tm cells to secrete the effector molecule TNF-α in mouse lymph nodes at the late-stage infection may facilitate chronic parasitism of E. multilocularis.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic changes of serum long non-coding ribonucleic acid antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (LncRNA ANRIL), long non-coding ribonucleic acid maternally expressed gene 3 (LncRNA MEG3) and inflammatory factors [interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)] in patients with acute ischemic stroke and their correlation with neurological impairment.Methods:This prospective study included fifty-two patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology were included, and the neurological impairments of the patients were scored using the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) on the first day of the onset of the disease, and serum LncRNA ANRIL, LncRNA MEG3 and inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-1β) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at the first, second and seventh day of the onset of the disease. The correlation between serum LncRNA ANRIL, LncRNA MEG3 and inflammatory factor levels and neurological impairment at each time point was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Among 52 patients, mild group had 22 cases (NIHSS score <5 scores), and moderate-to-severe group had 30 cases (NIHSS score ≥5 scores). In acute ischemic stroke patients with moderate-to-severe group, the expression level of LncRNA MEG3 was higher than in the mild group, but the intergroup difference did not reach statistical significance ( P>0.05). LncRNA ANRIL, LncRNA MEG3, IFN-γ, IL-18 and IL-1β peaked at the same time point in acute ischemic stroke patients, all within second day of the onset of the disease. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the serum LncRNA MEG3 level on the first day of the onset of the disease was significantly positively correlated with NIHSS score ( P = 0.006), and serum LncRNA ANRIL level on seventh day was significantly positively correlated with NIHSS score ( P = 0.049). Conclusions:Serum LncRNA ANRIL, LncRNA MEG3 and inflammatory factors (IL-18, IL-1β and IFN-γ) are highly expressed in patients with acute ischemic stroke, peaking on the second day of onset. LncRNA MEG3 levels on the first day of onset and LncRNA ANRIL levels on the seventh day of onset are helpful in determining the degree of neurological impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To develop and validate a transgenic mouse model enabling specific and inducible optogenetic activation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs).Methods A conditional allele for the photosensitive opsin chicken opsin 5(cOpn5)(Rosa26-LSL-cOpn5)was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.These mice were subsequently crossed with NG2-CreERT transgenic mice to produce NG2-CreERT;cOpn5 animals.In this model,tamoxifen administration induces Cre-mediated recombination,leading to specific expression of cOpn5 in NG2-positive OPCs.The specificity and efficiency of cOpn5 expression in OPCs were confirmed by immunofluorescent staining.Functional validation of light-induced OPC activation was performed by using calcium imaging in acute brain slices after stimulation with 470 nm blue light.Results Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed robust and specific expression of cOpn5 within NG2-positive OPCs in the brains of tamoxifen-treated NG2-CreERT;cOpn5 mice.Crucially,calcium imaging of acute brain slices from these mice demonstrated a significant increase in intracellular calcium levels in cOpn5-expressing OPCs upon stimulation with 470 nm blue light,indicating successful optogenetic activation.Conclusion We have successfully generated and validated a novel transgenic mouse model(NG2-CreERT;cOpn5)that permits specific and inducible optogenetic activation of OPCs.This model provides a novel tool for subsequent in vivo studies of the role and regulating mechanisms of OPCs in the central nervous system.

Purpose To quantitatively compare the diffusion parameters of mono-and biexponential diffusion-weighted imaging models,and to obtain optimal sets of b-values in diffusion-weighted MRI for obtaining monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)close to perfusion-insensitive intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)model ADC(ADCIVIM)in identifying of pulmonary solid benign and malignant lesions.Materials and Methods IVIM was performed in 40 patients with solid nodule and masse in Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital from July 2021 to August 2022 using a 3.0T MR imager.Two experienced diagnostic radiologists subjectively evaluated the IVIM images.A single index model was used to calculate ADC values(ADC0-1 000,ADC20-1 000,ADC50-1 000,ADC80-1 000,ADC150-1 000,ADC300-1 000,ADC500-1 000,ADC300,500,1 000,ADC300,800,1 000,ADC300,500,ADC300,800 and ADC300,1 000).The reference standard ADCIVIM value were calculated using a double-exponential model.The physician's measurements between two physicians were measured.The malignant and benign groups were compared and receiver operator characteristic curve for all parameters were analyzed.Results The measurement consistency of ADC values under b value sets and ADCIVIM was very good,and the intraclass correlation coefficient was more significant than 0.75.The differences between ADCIVIM and ADC values in each b group were statistically significant(t=-6.016--2.500,all P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of ADCIVIM was the largest(0.906),with an optimal threshold of 1.271×10-3 mm2/s,a sensitivity of 80.0%and a specificity of 93.0%.The diagnostic efficacy close to ADCIVIM were ADC300,800(AUC=0.891),ADC50-1 000(AUC=0.827)and ADC300,800,1 000(AUC=0.795),respectively.The optimal threshold of ADC300,800 was 1.140×10-3 mm2/s,the sensitivity and specificity were 80.0%and 93.7%,respectively.Conclusion Combining b-values 300 s/mm2 and 800 s/mm2 is recommended as routine scanning parameters for identifying the insensitive monoexponential ADC between benign and malignant solid pulmonary lesions.

Purpose To explore the value of quantitative parameters(T2* value,R2* value)of three-dimensional multi-echo ultrashort echo time technique for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses(PNMs).Materials and Methods The MRI data of 68 patients with PNMs in Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital from July 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,and PNMs were grouped into benign(34 cases)and malignant(34 cases)categories using histopathology or clinical follow-up as the reference standard.Two observers respectively outlined the regions of interest on three-dimensional multi-echo ultrashort echo time-T2* and R2* maps,and quantitatively measured the T2* and R2* values.The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was used to evaluate the consistency of the measured values.Differences in the above indicators between the two groups of PNMs were analyzed,and their diagnostic efficacy was assessed.The predictive probability of the combined two indicators was computed,the receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Results The measurement results of each parameter of PNMs in the benign and malignant groups by the two observers were consistent(ICC>0.75).The T2* value of the malignant group was higher than that of the benign group(Z=-5.158,P<0.001),and the R2* value was lower than that of the benign group(Z=-4.845,P<0.001),and the differences were statistically significant.The AUC of the T2* value was 0.864(95%CI 0.775-0.953,P<0.001),with a maximum Youden index of 0.677,a threshold of 9.675 ms,a sensitivity of 76.5%,and a specificity of 91.2%.The AUC of the R2* value was 0.842(95%CI 0.746-0.937,P<0.001),with a maximum Youden index of 0.647,and a threshold of 109.15/s,with a sensitivity of 73.5%and a specificity of 91.2%.The AUC of the combined diagnosis of T2* and R2* values was 0.867(95%CI 0.779-0.955,P<0.001),with a maximum Youden index of 0.677,a sensitivity of 82.4%,and a specificity of 85.3%.There was no statistically significant difference in the pairwise comparison of T2* values,R2* values,and their combined AUC(all P>0.05).Conclusion The T2* value and R2* value of the three-dimensional multi-echo ultrashort echo time technique,as well as the combination of the two indicators,are all helpful in differentiating benign and malignant PNMs,providing imaging support for the preoperative non-invasive and precise differentiation of PNMs and optimizing clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill neonates.Methods:It was a retrospective study. The baseline characteristic data, PD protocols, PD catheter placement methods and clinical outcomes of AKI neonates who underwent PD in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between July 2015 and December 2024 were collected and analyzed.Results:(1) Among the 8 neonates with AKI, gestational age was (30.38±6.02) weeks, and birth weight was 1 397.5 (839.0, 2 312.5) g, with 6 premature infants. The time from birth to AKI onset was 144 (48, 294) hours. The leading cause of AKI was sepsis (6/8). The treatment time of PD was (93.12±37.20) hours. (2) Renal function recovery: After PD treatment, urine output was significantly increased ( Z=-3.29, P<0.001), and serum creatinine was significantly decreased ( t=2.66, P=0.032). (3) Hyperkalemia: Six out of 8 patients presented with hyperkalemia, which significantly decreased after PD treatment ( t=3.37, P=0.008). (4) Acid-base balance:Five out of 8 neonates had metabolic acidosis, and 3 of 5 neonates achieved basically complete correction (including lactic acidosis). There was no statistically significant difference in acid-base balance indicators before and after PD treatment (all P>0.05). (5) PD-related complications: Two out of 8 patients experienced peritoneal dialysate leakage, and no other PD-related complications occurred. (6) Outcomes: The hospital stay was 27.0 (8.0, 57.5) days. Four out of 8 neonates survived, while the other 4 neonates died after withdrawal of treatment. The primary cause was multiple organ failure. Conclusions:PD is a safe and effective treatment for neonatal AKI, facilitating early renal recovery and correction of electrolyte and acid-base imbalances.

AIM To investigate the ameliorative effects of Compound Fufangteng Mixture(CFM)on cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppression in mice.METHODS Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the blank control group,the model group,the levamisole hydrochloride group(40 mg/kg)and the low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose CFM groups(3.75,7.5,10 g/kg),with 8 mice in each group,and given respective intervention orally once daily for 14 days.On the 5th to 7th day of administration,with the blank control group given normal saline intraperitoneally,the other groups underwent intraperitoneal CTX injections(80 mg/kg).24 hours after the last administration,organ indices of thymus and spleen were calculated;splenic histopathological alterations were assessed by HE staining;serum levels of IL-2,IL-6 and IgG were quantified using ELISA;splenic CD4+,CD8+T lymphocytes,alongside CD86+and CD206+macrophages populations were analyzed by flow cytometry;and splenic expression of CD4,CD8 and F4/80 was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS In CTX-treated mice,CFM administration mitigated body weight loss;enhanced thymus weight and thymic index;ameliorated splenic immune cell populations,elevated serum levels of cytokines IL-2,IL-6 and IgG in serum;and upregulated splenic levels of CD45+CD3+T lymphocytes and F4/80+CD11b+macrophages,alongside increasing the expression of CD4,CD8 and F4/80 surface markers.CONCLUSION CFM alleviates CTX-induced immunosuppression state in mice by modulating immune cells,restoring immune function and enhancing anti-inflammatory and tissue repair capabilities.

Objective To design a new type of elastic gloves for burn scar rehabilitation to solve the problems of conventional elastic gloves in pressure distribution,elasticity maintenance and absorption of sweat stains.Methods The new elastic gloves was made of non-woven fabric by spandex material,which was composed of external and internal parts.The main body of the external part was used as the primary structure of the gloves,which was provided with a sealing strip,a storage bag,a drawstring,etc.The internal part consisted of a bonding sheet,an elastic band,a fiber sheet,an absorbent sponge,some breathable holes,etc.Results The new elastic gloves designed could be used for the pressure therapy for the scars on the opisthenar,palm side,finger web and purlicue with scar proliferation inhibitted effectively,and the breathable hole and absorbent sponge contributed to the absorption of the sweat of the patient.Conclusion The new type of elastic gloves gains advantages in elasticity,wearing comfort and effectiveness of the pressure therapy for purlicue and finger web,and can be used for the pressure therapy to inhibit proliferative scarring after burns.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):118-120]

This study assessed the role and mechanism of the recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Gue?rin vaccine(rBCG)with c-di-AMP adjuvant in regulating metabolism and immunity in epididymal white adipose(eWAT)in mice.Male C57BL/6 mice were intravenously immunized with BCG and rBCG,and their body weights were monitored.eWAT was isolated from the mice,and the stromal vascular fractions(SVFs)cell number was counted with a hemocytometer.Sections of mouse adipose tissue were prepared,and the size,number,and morphology of eWAT adipocytes and crown-like structure(CLS)formation were compared under a microscope after HE staining.The transcription levels of lipid metabolism-associated factors,cytokines and aging-associated genes in each group were determined with qRT-PCR.The body weights of mice gradually increased after immunization with BCG and rBCG.The proportions of eWAT increased,and the SVFs cell number decreased,in rBCG immunized mice.HE staining indicated that BCG immunization promoted hyperplasia,whereas rBCG immunization promoted hypertrophy of eWAT adipocytes;moreover,both BCG and rBCG immunization induced CLS formation in eWAT.The qRT-PCR results indicated that rBCG immunization inhibited the expression of genes associated with lipolysis and energy expenditure in eWAT.BCG immunization had little effect on cytokine transcription,whereas rBCG significantly induced the transcription of IFN-γ and IL-1Ra,and inhibited that of IL-15 and IL-2,but did not induce the expression of aging-associated genes.Thus,rBCG immunization induced eWAT adipocyte hypertrophy,which was associated with the inhibition of eWAT lipolysis and the regulation of cytokine expression.