Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a transmembrane protein on the Golgi apparatus and can be cut and released into the blood. In recent years, an increasing number of clinical studies have shown that the elevated serum GP73 level is closely related to liver diseases. And thus GP73 is expected to be used as a new serum marker for assessing progress of chronic liver diseases. Herein, the clinical application of serum GP73 in chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma with different etiologies was reviewed based on available literatures; and a research outlook in this field is made.
Biomarkers ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Golgi Apparatus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variation of etiology and complication of liver cirrhosis(LC) by the comparative analysis of etiology,complications, sex and age in LC patients in 2012 and in 2017. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we collected cases of LC admitted in 2012 and 2017 and reviewed the medical records. The demographics, etiology and complications were collected and we compared the composition ratios of etiology and complications as well as the sex composition and age differences between different etiology in the 5-year period. RESULTS: 3065 patients(including 1451 in 2012 and 1614 in 2017) were identified in this study. There was no significant difference in etiology of LC caused by HBV infection(that was 56.31% in 2012 and 53.41% in 2017, respectively.(χ2=2.591, P=0.107). The composition ratio of alcohol and autoimmune diseases increased. That of alcohol diseases was 12.96% in 2012 and 16.36% in 2017(χ2=7.027, P=0.008).That of autoimmune diseases was 9.92% in 2012 and 13.07% in 2017(χ2=7.398, P=0.007). The composition ratio of HCV infection decreased from 14.82% to 11.28% having statistically significant difference(χ2=8.497, P=0.004). The three former complications in 2012 were UGH(15.64%), HCC(15.30%,), SBP(12.68%,), which were HCC(21.07%), UGH(13.38%), SBP(11.03%) in 2017. HCC was more common(that was 15.30% in 2012 and 21.07% in 2017) having significant difference(χ2=16.964, P<0.001).LC caused by HBV and alcohol were mainly males, which slightly decreased having no significant difference. LC caused by autoimmune diseases was mainly female, which slightly increased having no significant difference. The LC patients infected by HBV and HCV were older than before when were hospitalized.That of HBV was(50.08±11.11) years old in 2012 and(52.39±11.56) years old in 2017(t=-4.163, P=0.004). That of HCV was(57.22±10.52)years old in 2012 and(61.13±10.25) years old in 2017(t=-3.732, P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Compared with 5 years ago, HBV infection remained the major cause of liver cirrhosis, whereas alcohol and autoimmune diseases increased and HCV infection decreased. HCC was the most common of LC complications. LC patients caused by different etiology had different prevalence in sex and were hospitalized in different ages. Patients infected by HBV/HCV seemed to be older than before when they were hospitalized.

There are many viruses causing liver injury in clinic, including hepatophilic and non-hepatophilic viruses. With the extensive vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and strict management of blood products in newborns, patients with chronic hepatitis B and C will gradually decrease, while liver damage caused by non-hepatitis virus will gradually increase, which should be paid much attention to highly valued by clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis(DIAIH), in order to help clinicians learn more about DIAIH and improve its clinical diagnosis. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in the patients with DIAIH and DILI treated at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2013 and December 2017. The population characteristic,related drugs,clinical manifestations,liver biochemical parameters, autoimmune antibodies, and liver pathological features were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There were 49 patiens with DIAIH and 436 patiens with DILI. The majority of these patients were female. There was a significant difference in the proportion of female patients, with DIAIH(91.84%, 45/49)higher than DILI(70.41%, 307/436)(χ~2=9.111, P=0.003). The patients with DIAIH had a mean age of(50.0±7.4) years. The top three drugs inducing DIAIH were Chinese herbal medicines(53.06%, 26/49), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(10.20%, 5/49) and fluvastatin(10.20%, 5/49). DIAIH occurred after more than 8 weeks of treatment. There was a significant difference in the proportion of liver failure, with DIAIH(30.61%, 15/49) higher than DILI(14.68%, 64/436)(χ~2=8.20, P=0.004). The risks of DIAIH and DILI with liver failure caused by western medicines were significantly higher than those by Chinese herbal medicines(χ~2=9.77, P=0.002; χ~2=16.09,P<0.001). The positive rate of autoimmune antibody in DIAIH patients was 100%. The positive rate of ANA was 83.67%(41/49), and that of SMA was 16.33%(8/49). The liver pathological features of interface hepatitis, plasma cells and lymphocytes infiltration in DIAIH patients were more obvious than those in DILI patients. CONCLUSION: DIAIH is more common in the female patients and is caused frequently by Chinese herbal medicines. DIAIH caused by western medicines could easily result in liver failure.

Hepatitis B vaccination and blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV are of great significance in the prevention and control of HBV infection. Hepatitis B vaccination is the most effective way to prevent HBV infection. Mother-tochild transmission of HBV can be greatly reduced by these measures, which include strengthening the screening of HBV in women of childbearing age, antiviral treatment in pregnant women with high viral load, and combined immunization of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin for newborns of HBsAg positive mothers. In the recent 30 years, remarkable achievements have been made in the prevention and control of HBV infection in China.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of the serum inhibin B (INHB) level in evaluating the testicular function of the prepubertal patient with varicocele (VC) after high ligation of the spermatic vein (HLSV).

METHODSThis study included 31 prepubertal male patients with left VC, averaging 12.55 years of age and 9 complicated by right VC. We collected peripheral blood samples before and at 4, 12 and 26 weeks after HLSV as well as spermatic venous blood samples intraoperatively for determination of the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), anti-sperm antibody (AsAb) and serum INHB by ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, statistically significant differences were observed in the INHB level in the peripheral blood at 12 and 26 weeks after operation (［255.18 ± 69.97］ vs ［141.78 ± 59.82］ pg/ml, P < 0.05) and that in the spermatic venous blood intraoperatively (［255.18 ± 69.97］ vs ［412.44 ± 259.42］ pg/ml, P < 0.01). Spearman's analysis showed a negative correlation between the level of INHB and that of FSH (r = －0.224, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe level of serum INHB in the peripheral blood of the prepubertal VC patient is decreased within 6 months after HLSV and negatively correlated with that of FSH. The levels of INHB and FSH may well reflect the testicular function of the prepubertal VC patient.

Adolescent ; Antibodies ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Inhibins ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Spermatozoa ; immunology ; Testosterone ; blood ; Varicocele ; blood

Objective To propose the policy recommendations to optimize the construction of human resources in centers for disease control and prevention , thus promoting the healthy development of China’s disease control and prevention undertaking . Methods The data between 2011 and 2015 from China Health Yearbook and China Yearbook of Health and Family Planning Statistics together with the monitoring, evaluation and investigation data from the long-term plan for health talents were utilized for making quantitative analyses;3 representative provinces were selected for making qualitative interviews . Results Between 2010 and 2014 , the average annual growth rate for the number of personnel in disease control and prevention centers was -0.40%.The average annual growth rate for the number of health technical personnel was -0 .87%, and that for the number of practicing/assistant physicians was-2.36%. Conclusion The loss of professional cores does occur in the human resources for disease prevention and control in China .The construction of the human resources for disease prevention and control shall be effectively strengthened and relevant measures shall be taken to attract and retain related technical specialists and talents .

Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), one of the endogenous phase II metabolizing enzymes, expressed by chromosome 22. COMT catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from common methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet or SAM) to one of the catechol hydroxyls. COMT participates in the metabolism of many catechols in vivo, e.g. dopamine, epinephrine, noradrenaline, estradiol. Furthermore COMT also plays important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotic catechols from food and drug. COMT play a critical role in the management of catechols. Metabolism disorders of COMT can cause many diseases or an increased risk of diseases, e.g. Pakinson diseases, schizophrenia, and breast cancer. In this review, we explains the relationship of COMT and related-diseases through expounding disease caused by the COMT metabolic disorders. Finally, we hope that there will be more effective treatments for the COMT metabolism related diseases.

OBJECTIVETo study the difference in prognosis for children with acute viral myocarditis induced ventricular premature beats (VPB) originating from different positions, and to study the role of 99Mtc-MIBI myocardial perfusion ECT in the prognostic evaluation of VPB.

METHODSThe clinical data of 83 children with viral myocarditis induced VPB were retrospectively studied. They were divided into four groups according to the original site of VPB, as shown by the ECG: right ventricular (RV) outflow tract, RV anterior wall and apex, left ventricular (LV) outflow tract, LV anterior wall and apex. All patients were treated with anti-viral drugs and myocardial nutritional medicine. Short-term and long term outcomes in the four groups were compared. The relationship between the results of 99Mtc-MIBI myocardial perfusion ECT and prognosis in 40 patients was observed.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in short-term and long-term effective rates among the four groups (P>0.05). There were no differences in the ECT positive rates between the patients with VPB originating from RV and those with VPB originating from LV (P>0.05). The treatment effective rates of ECT-positive patients were higher than the treatment effective rates of ECT-negative ones (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe short-term and long-term prognosis of children with VPB originating from different positions are not significantly different. In children with viral myocarditis induced VPB, positive ECT results suggest a better prognosis.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; methods ; Myocarditis ; complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Virus Diseases ; complications