Objective:To investigate the multilocus sequence typing feature of the virulence-associated genes of Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) separated from the clinical specimens of a multi-center cohort children in Guangzhou area. Methods:A total number of 412 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 2 059 non-repeated fecal specimens of children by three groups′ researchers in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from August 2018 to November 2018. While collecting specimens, patient clinical information is also properly collected and preserved. After extracting the DNA of the strain, the virulence-associated genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including the staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes ( sea, seb, sec, sed, see) and the Panton-Valentine leucocidin-encoding gene ( pvl).The multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) method was performed to reveal the MLST feature of these genes and the statistical difference were examined by the the χ 2 test. Results:Among the 412 isolates of S. aureus, 256 strains (256/412, 62.1%) contains at least one SE gene. Among the enterotoxin gens, the sec (125/412, 30.3%), seb(98/412, 23.8%)and sea (66/412, 16.0%)genes were the three most prevalent members of SEs. The frequency of pvl gene in Staphylococcus aureus was 18.7%(77/412).Among them, the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus sea gene isolated from patients with gastroenteritis (58/319, 18.2%) was significantly higher than that from the non-gastroenteritis group (8/93, 8.6%)(χ2=4.912, P=0.027). The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus pvl gene isolated from the patients with pneumonia (8/21, 38.1%) was greater than that from the non-pneumonia group (6/47, 12.8%)(χ2=4.252, P=0.039). In addition, the virulence-associated gene of S. aureus was closely related to the specific ST type, 82.4% (28/34) of ST6 carried sea gene, all ST338 and ST59 carried seb gene, 96% (48/50) ST45 carried sec gene, and the pvl gene carrying rate of ST338 was 5/5. Conclusions:The SEA toxin produced by ST6 Staphylococcus aureus may be closely related to the diagnosis of gastroenteritis in children. The frequency of pvl virulence gene in Staphylococcus aureus in children with community-acquired pneumonia was higher than that in the non-pneumonia group, and closely related to the CC59.

Objective To explore the effects of psychological counseling coupled with health education on the alleviation of pain during dressing change after surgery in the patients with high and complex anal fistula incision .Methods Seventy-seven patients with high and complex anorectal surgery were divided into two groups in accordance with different nursing methods after surgery : the control group (n=38) and the observation group (n=39).The control group received routine nursing care , while the observation group was given psychological counseling coupled with health education in addition to routine nursing care .Then, comparisons were made in visual analogue scores ( VAS) at the time of dressing change and 10 min after dressing change , the rate of reaching the set health education standards/the rate of satisfaction with nursing care , the SF-36 scores at the time of dressing change and 10 min after dressing change , as well as the ability of self-care after dressing change .Results ( 1 ) Ten minutes after dressing change , the VAS scores of the 2 groups were all significantly lower than those at the time of dressing change (P<0.01).Furthermore, from the second day after surgery , the VAS scores of the observation group 10 min after dressing change were significantly lower than those of the control group at the same time point of dressing change (P<0.01).Statistical significance could be noted , when comparisons were made be-tween them(P<0.05).(2) The rate of reaching the set health education standards /the rate of satisfaction with nursing care for the ob-
servation group were as high as 94.84%and 100%, which were obviously higher than those of the control group (86.84%, 89.47%), with statistical significance(P<0.05).(3)The excellent rate of self-care after dressing change for the observation group was as high as 89.74%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (81.58%), also with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Psychological counseling coupled with health education could effectively alleviate pain during dressing change after surgery in the patients with high and complex anal fistula incision , improve their life quality and increase the rate of satisfaction with nursing care and the ability of self-care.

Objective To investigate prospectively effects of different drainage methods on preventing anastomotie leakage after Dixon operation in rectal carcinomas.Methods During the period of January 2002 to January 2007,450 patients with rectal carcinomas received Dixon operation.They were divided into three groups ( group A,B,and C) in order of admission.Presacral drainage was done in Group A,presaeral drainage + drainage through anus with one tubes in Group B,and presacral drainage + drainage through anus with two tubes in Group C.The postoperative complications of three groups were observed.Results There was 7.33% (11/150) ,8.00% (12/150) and 6.67% (10/150) wound infection in group A,B and C respectively.8.67% (13/150),6.67% (10/150) and 1.33% (2/150) anastomotic leakage occurred in group A,B and C respectively.Three groups had a similar wound infection ineidence(P ＞0.05).The occurrence of anastomotic leakage in group C was statistically lower than that in group A and B ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Presacral drainage + drainage through anus with two tubes can effectively prevent anastomotic leakage after Dixon operation in rectal carcinomas.

The oxidation-reduction properties,relative to the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) conversion,of horseradish peroxidase(HRP)in surfactant films at edge-plane pyrolytic graphite(EPG)electrode have been investigated by using direct electrochemical methods.Cyclic voltammograms for DDAB/HRP/CME(chemically modified eelctrode),DMPC/HRP/CME,DHP/HRP/CME at 2V/s in phosnhate buffer solution (pH 7.O) show one pair of reversible,reproducible redox peaks. The redox potentials (E1/2) in DDAB/HRP/CME,DMPC/HRP/CME and DHP/HRP/CME are-0.212V,-0.330V,-0.381V respectively. Experimental result indicated that the membranes,especially the positively charged one,providing special film environment,might interfere in the protein-electrode electron transfer process. The electron transfer processes of HRP were described in the absence and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.There are good linear relationships between the currents and the H2 O2 concentration using all the three CMEs.The results obtained are of potential value for basic and applied bioelectrochemistry and represent an opportunity to build the third generation of biosensors.