AIM:This study aimed to identify the key active components and signaling pathways in the tradi-tional Chinese medicine Fructus Aurantii that contribute to the prevention and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy,along with experimental validation.METHODS:H9C2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with nobiletin(NOB)for 1 h and then ex-posed to 100 nmol/L angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)for 24 h.RT-qPCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of hypertrophy-related genes,including atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and myosin heavy chain 7(MYH7).Immunofluorescence staining was employed to assess the surface area of cardiomyocytes.Additionally,a kit was utilized to measure levels of pyroptosis-related factors such as lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-18 and caspase-1,while Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of gasdermin D and caspase-1.RESULTS:Network pharmacology analyses indicated that NOB is the key active component in Fructus Aurantii that regu-lates cardiac hypertrophy,potentially through the pyroptosis pathway.Further molecular biology experiments confirmed that NOB inhibits Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac hypertrophy and pyroptosis.Furthermore,the involvement of the pyroptosis pathway was highlighted in the protective effects of NOB against cardiac hypertrophy.CONCLUSION:The active compo-nent NOB in the traditional Chinese medicine Fructus Aurantii alleviates cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting pyroptosis.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Jiande City, Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2024, so as to provide the evidence for strengthening the prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods: Data on brucellosis cases and surveillance in Jiande City from 2005 to 2024 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the annual brucellosis surveillance reports from the Jiande Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the annual summaries of brucellosis prevention and control efforts. The epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 1 125 individuals were monitored in Jiande City from 2005 to 2024, with 18 seropositive cases identified and the seropositivity rate of 1.60%. The average annual seropositivity rate from 2015 to 2024 was 3.35%, which was significantly higher than that of 0.57% from 2005 to 2014 (P<0.05). There were 10 confirmed brucellosis cases and 8 asymptomatic infections, with no reported deaths. The peak incidence occurred between March and August. Among the 16 towns (streets) in Jiande City, 8 reported brucellosis cases. Of the brucellosis cases, 14 were male and 4 were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.5∶1. The majority of cases (13 cases) were aged between 40 and 60 years. Occupational exposure was identified in 16 cases, all of whom were infected through direct hand contact with the excreta, secretions, or animal products of infected sheep or cattle. The primary source of infection was sheep, followed by cattle. Five strains of Brucella were isolated and cultured, all identified as Brucella melitensis biovar 3. Conclusions The brucellosis epidemic in Jiande City remained at a sporadic and low prevalence level from 2005 to 2024, with an increasing trend observed from 2015 to 2024. Male occupational groups aged 40 to 60 years were the key population for brucellosis prevention and control, and sheep were the primary source of infection.

AIM:This study aimed to identify the key active components and signaling pathways in the tradi-tional Chinese medicine Fructus Aurantii that contribute to the prevention and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy,along with experimental validation.METHODS:H9C2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with nobiletin(NOB)for 1 h and then ex-posed to 100 nmol/L angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)for 24 h.RT-qPCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of hypertrophy-related genes,including atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and myosin heavy chain 7(MYH7).Immunofluorescence staining was employed to assess the surface area of cardiomyocytes.Additionally,a kit was utilized to measure levels of pyroptosis-related factors such as lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-18 and caspase-1,while Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of gasdermin D and caspase-1.RESULTS:Network pharmacology analyses indicated that NOB is the key active component in Fructus Aurantii that regu-lates cardiac hypertrophy,potentially through the pyroptosis pathway.Further molecular biology experiments confirmed that NOB inhibits Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac hypertrophy and pyroptosis.Furthermore,the involvement of the pyroptosis pathway was highlighted in the protective effects of NOB against cardiac hypertrophy.CONCLUSION:The active compo-nent NOB in the traditional Chinese medicine Fructus Aurantii alleviates cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting pyroptosis.

Metabonomics technology takes small molecular metabolites in organisms as the research object, analyzes the dynamic metabolic changes in organisms as a whole through modern technology, and explains its pathophysiological system in multiple dimensions. Network pharmacology is to systematically explore the correlation between drugs and diseases. The combination of network pharmacology and metabolomics is in line with the systematic and holistic thinking mode of TCM. At present, the integration technology of the two has certain applications in the research of TCM single drug, medicinal pair, material basis and mechanism of compound efficacy, toxic mechanism of Chinese materia medica, quality and composition of Chinese materia medica, and processing mechanism of Chinese materia medica. It can realize the effective components of the complex system of Chinese materia medica from the differential metabolites, and then find the core genes and target proteins of Chinese materia medica, and reveal the biological pathway of Chinese materia medica to prevent and treat diseases. It has the advantages of quickly and effectively identifying the efficacy and material basis of Chinese materia medica and clarifying its mechanism. However, the combination of the two lacks the acquisition of exogenous components and their related targets, and is prone to false positive results. The overall level is single and limited, so it needs to be further considered and improved.

Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between microscopic pattern of blood stasis and renal pathological grade and related physical and chemical indexes in children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis(HSPN).Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 800 HSPN children from the medical records of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine.Laboratory indicators(blood routine test,urine routine test,coagulation test,liver function)and renal pathological indicators of them were collected.According to the severity of renal pathological microscopic lesions,the microscopic pattern of blood stasis was divided into three types,including choroidal discord,dead blood coagulation and intracarenal disease accumulation.The classification of renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis and the correlation between laboratory indexes and renal pathological index were analyzed by Spearman grade correlation and binary Logistic regression analysis.Results(ⅰ)There was no statistical difference of the distribution of the renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis in the different traditional Chinese medicine patterns.(ⅱ)There were significant differences in the contents or the grade of albumin and fibrinogen in the HSPN children with different microscopic pattern of blood stasis(all P＜0.05).(ⅲ)The maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve between fibrinogen and intracarenal disease accumulation was 0.594(95％CI from 0.540 to 0.633,P＜0.001);sensitivity was 0.447,specificity was 0.725;the best threshold on the ROC curve of 0.172 was 3.755 g/L.(ⅳ)There were positive correlations between the content of fibrinogen,ISKDC grade and Bohle A grade respectively with the scores of intracarenal disease accumulation type(r=0.176,r=0.315,r=0.656;all P＜0.001).(ⅴ)There were positive correlations between the content of fibrinogen,ISKDC grade and Bohle A grade respectively with the renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis(r=0.157,r=0.377,r=0.429;all P＜0.001).Conclusion The microscopic renal pattern of blood stasis can not only reflect the severity of renal blood stasis,but also reflect the severity and long-term prognosis of renal diseases.Albumin and urinary protein grade can reflect the early stage of the microscopic renal pattern of the blood stasis(choroidal discord).The content of fibrinogen increases with the aggravation of renal microscopic pattern of blood stasis,reflecting the end-stage of HSPN,which has the correlation with the formation and severity of related indexes.Fibrinogen can be used as a laboratory indicator to assist in the diagnosis of irreversible lesionsin the renal pathology of HSPN children.

Objective To discuss the effect of simultaneous coronary angiography plus percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and selective PCI on the surgical success rate in treating coronary chronic total occlusion(CTO).Methods The clinical data of a total of 147 consecutive patients with coronary CTO,who received PCI treatment at the Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital of China between January 1,2020 and December 31,2022,were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether the patient received PCI immediately after coronary angiography or not,the patients were divided into simultaneous PCI group(n=64)and selective PCI group(n=83).The clinical data and surgical success rate were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting the success of the PCI surgery for coronary CTO.Results The lesion's length of coronary CTO in the simultaneous PCI group was 35 mm,which was obviously shorter than 50 mm in the selective PCI group(P=0.022).No statistically significant differences in the other angiographic findings existed between the two groups(all P＞0.05).The surgical success rate in the simultaneous PCI group was 78.1%,which was remarkably lower than 88.0%in the selective PCI group(P=0.034).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that simultaneous PCI(OR=4.617,95%CI=1.900-11.221,P=0.001),no stump lesion(OR=4.381,95%CI=1.821-10.452,P=0.001),occlusion length≥20 mm(OR=2.462,95%CI=1.030-5.887,P=0.043),and surgical complications(OR=8.688,95%CI=1.573-47.971,P=0.013)were the independent factors influencing the success of PCI surgery for coronary CTO.Conclusion For the treatment of coronary CTO,the simultaneous coronary angiography and PCI treatment may increase the risk of surgical failure.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,32:52-56)

Following the principles of evidence-based medicine,in accordance with the structure and drafting rules of standardized documents,based on literature research,according to the characteristics of chronic cough in children and issues that need to form a consensus,the TCM Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Cough in Children was formulated based on the Delphi method,expert discussion meetings,and public solicitation of opinions.The guideline includes scope of application,terms and definitions,eti-ology and diagnosis,auxiliary examination,treatment,prevention and care.The aim is to clarify the optimal treatment plan of Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease,and to provide guidance for improving the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children with Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the syndrome differentiation characteristics of children with atopic dermatitis(AD)and the immune imbalance status in children with different syndrome types of AD.Methods A total of 159 AD children and 100 normal control children were enrolled.The peripheral blood eosinophil(Eo)count was measured by impedance method,total serum immunoglobulin E(IgE)by immunoturbidimetric assay,and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5)and interleukin-17(IL-17)were measured by multiple microspheres flow immunofluorescence assay.Results Among 159 AD children,syndrome of heart-fire and spleen-deficiency was most commom,accounting for 38.4%,followed by syndrome of blood-deficiency and wind-dryness(22.0%),syndrome of heat accumulation in heart and spleen(20.1%)and syndrome of spleen-deficiency and dampness-accumulation(19.5%).Compared with normal control group,there was no significant difference in serum IFN-γ level among different syndrome types of AD.The levels of peripheral blood Eo,serum total IgE,IL-4 and IL-17 in AD with heart-fire and spleen-deficiency syndrome were significantly increased(P<0.05).The levels of peripheral blood Eo,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-17 in AD with blood-deficiency and wind-dryness syndrome were significantly increased(P<0.05).The levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-17 in AD with heat accumulation in heart and spleen syndrome were significantly increased(P<0.05).The levels of peripheral blood Eo and serum IL-4 in AD with spleen-deficiency and dampness-accumulation syndrome were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Heart-fire and spleen-deficiency syndrome is the most common type in children with AD,however,the main type under 3 years old is heat accumulation in heart and spleen syndrome.Th2/Th17 immune imbalance are the main pathogenesis in heart-fire and spleen-deficiency syndrome,blood-deficiency and wind-dryness syndrome and heat accumulation in heart and spleen syndrome,and Th2 immune imbalance is the main pathogenesis of spleen-deficiency and dampness-accumulation syndrome.

Objective:To explor staging of the general course of occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (OMDT) to better understand the characteristics of OMDT course, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment and related studies.Methods:We collected main clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination data during hospitalization to May 2019 from 35 OMDT patients with complete course record who were hospitalized from January 2014 to December 2018. Continuous monitoring indicators with changing trends including main clinical manifestation indicators, peripheral white blood cell counts, liver function indicators such as serum alanine aminotransferase activity, myocardial enzyme indicators such as serum lactate dehydrogenase activity were selected and used with their standardized values to do cluster analysis on time point (week as unit) of the course of each patient. The clustering results combined with changing trends of the indicators were used to determine the stages of course of each patient, and therefore the staging of general course of OMDT was calculated. Positive rates or average levels of the indicators were compared between different stages, and the correlation of duration of each stage was analyzed with physical characteristics, disease characteristics and treatment measures of the patients.Results:General course of OMDT could be divided into acute phase (3.0±1.5) weeks and chronic phase (11.0±4.4) weeks, while chronic phase could be further divided into early period (5.0±3.0) weeks and later period (6.5±3.7) weeks. Compared with chronic phase, clinical manifestation indicators, white blood cell counts (except eosinophil count) , liver function indicators (except total protein and albumin concentration) , and myocardial enzyme indicators were all increased (all P<0.01) , while total protein and albumin concentration decreased ( P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) in acute phase. Compared with later period of the chronic phase, clinical manifestation indicators (except fever) , white blood cell counts (except lymphocyte count) , liver function indicators (except total protein and albumin concentration) , and creatine kinase isoenzyme activity were all increased (all P<0.01) , while total protein, albumin concentration and creatine kinase activity decreased (all P<0.01) . Duration of acute phase were positively correlated with the time before glucocorticoid treatment ( rspearman =0.62, Padjust<0.01) , and early and later periods of chronic phase were both positively correlated with corresponding duration of glucocorticoid treatment ( rspearman =0.96, Padjust<0.01, rspearman =0.91, Padjust<0.01, respectively) . Conclusion:For the first time, the study objectively determined stages of general course of OMDT based on combination of multiple indicators, and analyzed characteristics of main indicators in each phase and potential factors related to the duration of each phase.

Objective:To explor staging of the general course of occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (OMDT) to better understand the characteristics of OMDT course, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment and related studies.Methods:We collected main clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination data during hospitalization to May 2019 from 35 OMDT patients with complete course record who were hospitalized from January 2014 to December 2018. Continuous monitoring indicators with changing trends including main clinical manifestation indicators, peripheral white blood cell counts, liver function indicators such as serum alanine aminotransferase activity, myocardial enzyme indicators such as serum lactate dehydrogenase activity were selected and used with their standardized values to do cluster analysis on time point (week as unit) of the course of each patient. The clustering results combined with changing trends of the indicators were used to determine the stages of course of each patient, and therefore the staging of general course of OMDT was calculated. Positive rates or average levels of the indicators were compared between different stages, and the correlation of duration of each stage was analyzed with physical characteristics, disease characteristics and treatment measures of the patients.Results:General course of OMDT could be divided into acute phase (3.0±1.5) weeks and chronic phase (11.0±4.4) weeks, while chronic phase could be further divided into early period (5.0±3.0) weeks and later period (6.5±3.7) weeks. Compared with chronic phase, clinical manifestation indicators, white blood cell counts (except eosinophil count) , liver function indicators (except total protein and albumin concentration) , and myocardial enzyme indicators were all increased (all P<0.01) , while total protein and albumin concentration decreased ( P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) in acute phase. Compared with later period of the chronic phase, clinical manifestation indicators (except fever) , white blood cell counts (except lymphocyte count) , liver function indicators (except total protein and albumin concentration) , and creatine kinase isoenzyme activity were all increased (all P<0.01) , while total protein, albumin concentration and creatine kinase activity decreased (all P<0.01) . Duration of acute phase were positively correlated with the time before glucocorticoid treatment ( rspearman =0.62, Padjust<0.01) , and early and later periods of chronic phase were both positively correlated with corresponding duration of glucocorticoid treatment ( rspearman =0.96, Padjust<0.01, rspearman =0.91, Padjust<0.01, respectively) . Conclusion:For the first time, the study objectively determined stages of general course of OMDT based on combination of multiple indicators, and analyzed characteristics of main indicators in each phase and potential factors related to the duration of each phase.