Objective Based on the sampling test of national drugs,the quality of Huatan Pingchuan tablets was systematically evaluated,and the quality problems were analyzed to provide references and suggestions for the quality control of this variety and to improve its quality standard.Methods A total of 157 batches of samples were tested according to the statutory standard,and based on the testing results and prescription characteristics,microscopic identification and comprehensive analysis of its quality using thin-layer chromatography,high-performance liquid chromatography,and other methods were subsequently established or improved for the exploratory research.Results The established thin-layer chromatography identification for Radix Scutellariae,as well as the content determination methods for Radix Scutellariae,Syringae Cortex,and promethazine hydrochloride,are easy to operate and have good durability and specificity and can be applied to the quality control and evaluation of Huatan Pingchuan tablets.Conclusions The overall quality of the tablets is average;some enterprises should strengthen the quality control of raw medicinal materials(decoction pieces);individual enterprises have significant differences in the quality of samples from different batches,so they need to pay attention to the quality of raw materials and the stability of production processes;the inspection items of the current standards cannot fully reflect the key quality attributes of drugs,and standards improvement work needs to be carried out.

AIM:To investigate the role and mechanisms of p21 activated kinase 1(Pak1)in myocardial met-abolic reprogramming(MR)in diabetes mellitus(DM)mice and its protective effects on cardiomyocytes.METHODS:Pak1flox/flox(Pak1f/f)mice and cardiomyocyte-specific Pak1 knockout(Pak1CKO)mice were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 per group):Pak1f/f group,Pak1f/f+DM group,Pak1CKO group,and Pak1CKO+DM group.Diabetes was induced by in-traperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography 6 weeks after successful mod-eling.Ventricular myocardium was harvested after euthanasia.Myocardial pathological changes and lipid accumulation were assessed by HE staining and oil red O staining.Protein expression levels of Pak1,p-Pak1,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα),PPARγ,lipoprotein lipase(LPL),carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1),scavenger receptor B2(SCARB2/CD36),fatty acid binding protein 3(FABP3),pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4(PDK4)and the ratio of phosphorylated pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit(p-PDHA1)to PDHA1 were determined by Western blot.The mRNA expression levels of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1/2(DGAT1/2)were detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Compared with Pak1f/f group,both Pak1f/f+DM and Pak1CKO groups showed significantly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction(EF)and fractional shortening(FS),as well as increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LV Vold)and end-systolic volume(LV Vols)(P<0.01).Significant myocardial pathological damage with excessive lipid accumulation was observed.Myocardial p-Pak1 and Pak1 protein expression decreased(P<0.01),while PPARα,PPARγ,CPT1,LPL,CD36,FABP3,and PDK4 protein expression significantly increased(P<0.01),along with elevated p-PDHA1/PDHA1 ratio(P<0.01).mRNA expression levels of DGAT1 and DGAT2 were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The Pak1CKO+DM group showed the same trend as the Pak1f/f+DM group but with greater severity;compared with the Pak1f/f+DM group,the Pak1CKO+DM group still showed significant differences in all indicators except EF,FS,and LVVold(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Myocardial Pak1 protein expression is suppressed in diabetic mice,which mediates MR through activation of the PPARα/γ signaling pathway,resulting in increased myocardial fatty acid uptake and utiliza-tion while reducing glucose oxidation capacity.This leads to lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes,myocardial damage,and cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction.

Objective Based on the sampling test of national drugs,the quality of Huatan Pingchuan tablets was systematically evaluated,and the quality problems were analyzed to provide references and suggestions for the quality control of this variety and to improve its quality standard.Methods A total of 157 batches of samples were tested according to the statutory standard,and based on the testing results and prescription characteristics,microscopic identification and comprehensive analysis of its quality using thin-layer chromatography,high-performance liquid chromatography,and other methods were subsequently established or improved for the exploratory research.Results The established thin-layer chromatography identification for Radix Scutellariae,as well as the content determination methods for Radix Scutellariae,Syringae Cortex,and promethazine hydrochloride,are easy to operate and have good durability and specificity and can be applied to the quality control and evaluation of Huatan Pingchuan tablets.Conclusions The overall quality of the tablets is average;some enterprises should strengthen the quality control of raw medicinal materials(decoction pieces);individual enterprises have significant differences in the quality of samples from different batches,so they need to pay attention to the quality of raw materials and the stability of production processes;the inspection items of the current standards cannot fully reflect the key quality attributes of drugs,and standards improvement work needs to be carried out.

AIM:To investigate the role and mechanisms of p21 activated kinase 1(Pak1)in myocardial met-abolic reprogramming(MR)in diabetes mellitus(DM)mice and its protective effects on cardiomyocytes.METHODS:Pak1flox/flox(Pak1f/f)mice and cardiomyocyte-specific Pak1 knockout(Pak1CKO)mice were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 per group):Pak1f/f group,Pak1f/f+DM group,Pak1CKO group,and Pak1CKO+DM group.Diabetes was induced by in-traperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography 6 weeks after successful mod-eling.Ventricular myocardium was harvested after euthanasia.Myocardial pathological changes and lipid accumulation were assessed by HE staining and oil red O staining.Protein expression levels of Pak1,p-Pak1,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα),PPARγ,lipoprotein lipase(LPL),carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1),scavenger receptor B2(SCARB2/CD36),fatty acid binding protein 3(FABP3),pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4(PDK4)and the ratio of phosphorylated pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit(p-PDHA1)to PDHA1 were determined by Western blot.The mRNA expression levels of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1/2(DGAT1/2)were detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Compared with Pak1f/f group,both Pak1f/f+DM and Pak1CKO groups showed significantly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction(EF)and fractional shortening(FS),as well as increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LV Vold)and end-systolic volume(LV Vols)(P<0.01).Significant myocardial pathological damage with excessive lipid accumulation was observed.Myocardial p-Pak1 and Pak1 protein expression decreased(P<0.01),while PPARα,PPARγ,CPT1,LPL,CD36,FABP3,and PDK4 protein expression significantly increased(P<0.01),along with elevated p-PDHA1/PDHA1 ratio(P<0.01).mRNA expression levels of DGAT1 and DGAT2 were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The Pak1CKO+DM group showed the same trend as the Pak1f/f+DM group but with greater severity;compared with the Pak1f/f+DM group,the Pak1CKO+DM group still showed significant differences in all indicators except EF,FS,and LVVold(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Myocardial Pak1 protein expression is suppressed in diabetic mice,which mediates MR through activation of the PPARα/γ signaling pathway,resulting in increased myocardial fatty acid uptake and utiliza-tion while reducing glucose oxidation capacity.This leads to lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes,myocardial damage,and cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction.

To review the research status, assessment tools, influencing factors and intervention measures of social grooming in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the social alienation of patients with gynecological malignant tumors and better integrating into society.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a standardized perioperative care plan aimed at optimizing perioperative management through a series of evidence-based interventions. In recent years, guidelines related to ERAS in gynecologic oncology have been successively updated. The International ERAS Society published guidelines on the application of ERAS in gynecologic oncology in 2016 and 2019. With the advancement of evidence-based research, these guidelines were further updated in 2023. This paper interprets the key points of the 2023 updated guidelines for the use of ERAS in gynecologic oncology patients, aiming to enhance perioperative management.

OBJECTIVES: Peripheral whole blood cell counts have been used as prognostic indicators for various cancers, but their predictive value in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic significance of the pretreatment hemoglobin×lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (HLMR) in non-recurrent, non-metastatic NPC patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy. METHODS: Clinical and follow-up data from 805 NPC patients who completed definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Pretreatment hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, and monocyte count were collected to calculate HLMR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off value of HLMR. Patients were then classified into high and low HLMR groups. The association between HLMR and clinicopathological characteristic was assessed using chi-square tests. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were identified using Cox proportional hazards models. A nomogram was constructed based on the independent predictors to estimate patient survival rates, and internal validation was performed using a validation cohort. RESULTS: The ROC curve identified 605.5 as the optimal HLMR cut-off value for predicting 5-year survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that T stage (HR=1.886, 95% CI 1.331 to 2.673, P<0.001), N stage (HR=2.021, 95% CI 1.267 to 3.225, P=0.003), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score (HR=3.991, 95% CI 1.257 to 12.677, P=0.019), concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen (HR=0.338, 95% CI 0.156 to 0.731, P=0.006), and HLMR (HR=0.648, 95% CI 0.460 to 0.912, P=0.013) were independent prognostic factors for OS. A nomogram including T stage, N stage, and HLMR in the training cohort was constructed to predict 3-, 5-, and 7-year OS, with a C-index of 0.713. The area under the curves for predicting 3-, 5-, and 7-year OS were 0.744, 0.665, and 0.682, respectively. Calibration curves showed good agreement between predicted and observed survival rates. The above results were further confirmed in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment HLMR may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/mortality* ; Prognosis ; Hemoglobins/analysis* ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Monocytes/cytology* ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged ; Nomograms ; Chemoradiotherapy ; ROC Curve

Nowadays potential preclinical drugs for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have failed to achieve expected therapeutic efficacy because the pathogenic mechanisms are underestimated. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (IRHOM2), a promising target for treatment of inflammation-related diseases, contributes to deregulated hepatocyte metabolism-associated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Irhom2 regulation is still not completely understood. In this work, we identify the ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) as a critical and novel endogenous blocker of IRHOM2, and we also indicate that USP13 is an IRHOM2-interacting protein that catalyzes deubiquitination of Irhom2 in hepatocytes. Hepatocyte-specific loss of the Usp13 disrupts liver metabolic homeostasis, followed by glycometabolic disorder, lipid deposition, increased inflammation, and markedly promotes NASH development. Conversely, transgenic mice with Usp13 overexpression, lentivirus (LV)- or adeno-associated virus (AAV)-driven Usp13 gene therapeutics mitigates NASH in 3 models of rodent. Mechanistically, in response to metabolic stresses, USP13 directly interacts with IRHOM2 and removes its K63-linked ubiquitination induced by ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2N (UBC13), a ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzyme, and thus prevents its activation of downstream cascade pathway. USP13 is a potential treatment target for NASH therapy by targeting the Irhom2 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To establish HPLC method for the determination of the contents of atenolol, hydrochlorothiazide and nifedipine in xueyaan sustained release tablets. METHODS: The determination was performed on ZORBAX SB C18 column with column temperature at 35℃ . The mobile phase consisted of 0. 01mol? L- 1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution- methanol- acetonitrile ( 6∶ 3∶ 1) . The UV detection wavelength was set at 272nm and the sample size was 20? L. RESULTS: The liner ranges of atenolol, hydrochlorothiazide and nifedipine were 10～ 250? g? mL- 1 ( r=0. 999 4) , 6～ 150? g? mL- 1( r=0. 999 6) , and 5～ 125? g? mL- 1( r=0. 999 2) respectively. The average recovery rates of the three constituents were ( 98. 51? 0. 98) % ～ ( 99. 12? 0. 98) % , ( 98. 87? 1. 10) % ～ ( 99. 69? 1. 43) % , and( 98. 80? 1. 27) % ～ ( 99. 38? 1. 13) % , respectively, with RSD at 1. 00% , 1. 17% , and 1. 25% , respectively. CONCLUSION: The established method is simple, sensitive and reproducible, and suitable for the quality control of xueyaan sustained release tablets.

OBJECTIVE:To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic sparfloxacin for acute bacterial infections.METHODS:Domestic literatures about sparfloxacin for acute bacterial infections were retrieved by computer and their quality was evaluated to extract data(1993～2009).RevMan 4.2.2 software was used for Meta-analysis.RESULTS:A total of 10 RCT were enrolled.The comparisons of 2 groups were homogeneous in terms of clinical cure rate,clinical response rate,bacterial clearance rate and safety.There was statistical significance in comparison of combined effect variable between 2 groups in respect of cure rate,response rate and bacterial clearance rate(P0.05).CONCLUSION:The currently available evidence shows that clinical efficacy of domestic sparfloxacin for acute bacterial infections is better and incidence of ADR was lower.