Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depression among middle school students in Jiading District, Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide the evidence for developing mental health intervention strategies among middle school students. Methods: Students from 3 junior high schools and 3 senior high schools in Jiading District were selected from June 2022 to June 2023 using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Basic information including gender and educational stage was collected through questionnaire surveys. Depression, mental health literacy, cognitive emotion regulation, family cohesion, school climate, stress, and life satisfaction were assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory, the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale, the Chinese version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, the Perceived School Climate Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale, respectively. Factors affecting depression among middle school students were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: There were 1 117 boys (53.94%) and 954 girls (46.06%), with a mean age of (15.20±1.77) years. There were 1 193 (57.61%) junior high school students and 878 (42.39%) senior high school students. Depression was detected in 577 students, with a prevalence of 27.86%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified gender (boy, OR=0.652, 95%CI: 0.512-0.832), educational stage (senior high school, OR=2.519, 95%CI: 1.584-4.008), mental health literacy (OR=0.958, 95%CI: 0.951-0.966), cognitive emotion regulation (adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, OR=0.970, 95%CI: 0.958-0.982; maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, OR=1.103, 95%CI: 1.084-1.123), family cohesion (OR=0.910, 95%CI: 0.899-0.921), school climate (OR=0.720, 95%CI: 0.694-0.747), stress (OR=1.127, 95%CI: 1.104-1.150), life satisfaction (OR=0.817, 95%CI: 0.799-0.836) as factors affecting depression among middle school students. Conclusions Depression among middle school students in Jiading District is associated with gender, educational stage, mental health literacy, cognitive emotion regulation, family cohesion, school climate, stress, and life satisfaction. It is recommended that targeted measures be taken from the perspectives of individuals, families, schools, and society to promote the mental health of middle school students.

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are prevalent chronic conditions characterized by progressive synaptic loss and pathological protein alterations. Increasing evidence suggested that mitochondrial quality control (MQC) serves as the key cellular process responsible for clearing misfolded proteins and impaired mitochondria. Herein, we provided a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms through which MQC mediates the onset and progression of NDDs, emphasizing mitochondrial dynamic stability, the clearance of damaged mitochondria, and the generation of new mitochondria. In addition, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and their active monomers targeting MQC in NDD treatment have been demonstrated. Consequently, we compiled the TCMs that show great potential in the treatment of NDDs by targeting MQC, aiming to offer novel insights and a scientific foundation for the use of MQC stabilizers in NDD prevention and treatment.

Objective:To explore the influence and mechanism of perceived school climate on life satisfaction of junior high school students.Methods:From June to September 2022, students in sixth, seventh and eighth grade of junior high school were surveyed by the perceived school climate scale, the family cumulative risk-related questionnaire, the cognitive emotion regulation strategy questionnaire and the life satisfaction scale.SPSS 25.0 software was used to process data and the macro program PROCESS 4.1 was used for model testing.Results:(1) The total scores of perceived school climate, negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy, life satisfaction and family cumulative risk were 83.00(19.00), 21.00(8.00), 23.00(9.00) and 1.00(2.00), respectively.(2) Perceived school climate was significantly and negatively correlated with negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy and family cumulative risk( r=-0.30, -0.40, both P<0.01), while significantly and positively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=0.51, P<0.01).Negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy was significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=-0.37, P<0.01), while significantly and positively correlated with family cumulative risk ( r=0.29, P<0.01). Family cumulative risk was significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=-0.45, P<0.01). (3) Negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy played a mediating role between perceived school climate and life satisfaction, and the mediating effect accounted for 13.46%(0.07/0.52) of the total effect. (4) Family cumulative risk played a moderating role in the relationship between perceived school climate and life satisfaction, and between perceived school climate and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy. Specifically, as the level of family cumulative risk decreased, the positive predictive effect of perceived school climate on life satisfaction significantly increased ( βsimple=0.42, P<0.001). Perceived school climate significantly and negatively predicted negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy under the condition of low level family cumulative risk ( βsimple=-0.30, P<0.001). Conclusion:Under the condition of low family cumulative risk in junior high school students, the perceived positive school climate can help reduce negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy, thereby improving life satisfaction.

Neurodegenerative disorders(NDDs)are prevalent chronic conditions characterized by progressive synaptic loss and pathological protein alterations.Increasing evidence suggested that mitochondrial quality control(MQC)serves as the key cellular process responsible for clearing misfolded proteins and impaired mitochondria.Herein,we provided a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms through which MQC mediates the onset and progression of NDDs,emphasizing mitochondrial dynamic stability,the clearance of damaged mitochondria,and the generation of new mitochondria.In addition,traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)and their active monomers targeting MQC in NDD treatment have been demonstrated.Consequently,we compiled the TCMs that show great potential in the treatment of NDDs by targeting MQC,aiming to offer novel insights and a scientific foundation for the use of MQC stabilizers in NDD prevention and treatment.

Objective:To explore the influence and mechanism of perceived school climate on life satisfaction of junior high school students.Methods:From June to September 2022, students in sixth, seventh and eighth grade of junior high school were surveyed by the perceived school climate scale, the family cumulative risk-related questionnaire, the cognitive emotion regulation strategy questionnaire and the life satisfaction scale.SPSS 25.0 software was used to process data and the macro program PROCESS 4.1 was used for model testing.Results:(1) The total scores of perceived school climate, negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy, life satisfaction and family cumulative risk were 83.00(19.00), 21.00(8.00), 23.00(9.00) and 1.00(2.00), respectively.(2) Perceived school climate was significantly and negatively correlated with negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy and family cumulative risk( r=-0.30, -0.40, both P<0.01), while significantly and positively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=0.51, P<0.01).Negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy was significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=-0.37, P<0.01), while significantly and positively correlated with family cumulative risk ( r=0.29, P<0.01). Family cumulative risk was significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction ( r=-0.45, P<0.01). (3) Negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy played a mediating role between perceived school climate and life satisfaction, and the mediating effect accounted for 13.46%(0.07/0.52) of the total effect. (4) Family cumulative risk played a moderating role in the relationship between perceived school climate and life satisfaction, and between perceived school climate and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy. Specifically, as the level of family cumulative risk decreased, the positive predictive effect of perceived school climate on life satisfaction significantly increased ( βsimple=0.42, P<0.001). Perceived school climate significantly and negatively predicted negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy under the condition of low level family cumulative risk ( βsimple=-0.30, P<0.001). Conclusion:Under the condition of low family cumulative risk in junior high school students, the perceived positive school climate can help reduce negative cognitive emotion regulation strategy, thereby improving life satisfaction.

ObjectiveTo understand the utilization of preconception healthcare services and the influencing factors among the women expecting additional childbirth in Jiading District， Shanghai， and to provide references for promoting the utilization of preconception healthcare services under the new population policy. MethodsA questionnaire survey on the utilization of preconception healthcare services and related influencing factors was carried out among 682 women expecting additional childbirth across six subdistricts in Jiading District， Shanghai. The results were statistically analyzed. ResultsThe average age of the women was （31.7±4.5） years， 30.2% of whom were ≥35 years old. The proportion of women having their third or subsequent children was low， at 16.4%. A significant majority， 92.4%， were found to have various risk factors during initial pregnancy screening. The utilization rate of preconception healthcare services among women seeking additional childbirth was relatively low at 26.7%. Awareness of the free preconception check-up program in Jiading District was also low at 28.6%， and the utilization rate for these services was even lower at 7.69%. Unplanned pregnancies were the primary reason for not utilizing preconception healthcare services， accounting for 63.6%. The results of multifactorial binary logistic regression analysis showed that the utilization rate of preconception healthcare services before the current pregnancy was higher for women aged between 35 and 39 compared to women aged ≤29 years old （OR=1.789， 95%CI： 1.033‒3.099）. Women with planned pregnancies had a higher utilization of preconception healthcare services prior to this pregnancy （OR=4.164， 95%CI： 2.627‒6.602）. Women who had received preconception care prior to their first birth had a higher utilization rate of preconception care prior to the current pregnancy （OR=7.534， 95%CI： 4.954‒11.456）. Women without a family history of chronic diseases had a higher utilization rate of preconception healthcare services （OR=1.903， 95%CI： 1.083‒3.345）. ConclusionUnder the context of three-child policy， the proportion of women seeking three or more children in Jiading District is low. Most of these women have risk factors identified during initial pregnancy screenings. The utilization rate of preconception healthcare services and the awareness of the free preconception screening program in Jiading District are both low. Unplanned pregnancies remain the primary reason for failing to receive timely preconception healthcare services. Age， whether the pregnancy was planned， whether the women had received preconception healthcare services before their first baby and family history of chronic diseases are the main factors affecting the utilization of preconception healthcare services. Relevant departments should enhance the promotion of preconception healthcare service programs， especially for women of childbearing age who have not yet given birth， so as to improve the utilization rate of preconception health care services.

Objective:To explore the locations of the lumbosacral nerve roots by use of the magnetic stimulation.Methods:Thirty healthy subjects were studied. The projections of the right L 2 to S 1 intervertebral foramina on their body surfaces were determined manually with ultrasound assistance. Magnetic stimulation was applied to different nerve root segments to induce compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) in the vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius muscles of the lower limbs. The changes in latency, amplitude, and motor threshold were observed. Results:Magnetic stimulation on the L 2-L 3 segment resulted in a significant direct excitation of the vastus medialis. That on the L 5-S 1 segment evoked a significant direct excitatory effect on the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius, with a motor threshold below 40%, an amplitude exceeding 1mV, and many effective responses. However, during the magnetic stimulation on the L 4 segment, the amplitude of the vastus medialis was above 1mV, with no significant differences in the number of effective responses among the muscle groups. Moreover, there was a stepwise change in the latency of effective muscle responses to magnetic stimulation at different segments. The CMAP latencies of 12+ ms for the tibialis anterior and 13+ ms for the gastrocnemius indicated activation of the L 5 and L 4 nerve roots, respectively, while those of 6+ ms, 7+ ms, and 8+ ms for the vastus medialis suggested activation of the L 4, L 3, and L 2 nerve roots, respectively. Conclusions:Based on the responses (CMAP latency, amplitude and motor threshold) of the vastus medialis, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius to magnetic stimulation at different L 2 to S 1 segments, the spinal nerve root segments responsible for innervation can be inferred.

Objective This essay excavates the contents of urinary diagnosis in the Four Tantras and visualize the invisible experience knowledge of urinary diagnosis of Jenesake disease(type II diabetes)based on clinical medical records.It also explores the digitization and visualization of original thinking of Tibetan medicine,clinical diagnosis and treatment and modern science and technology,and clinical invisible experience and knowledge.Methods The contents of urinary diagnosis in the Four Tantras were deeply explored by literature method.And 355 cases of Jenesake disease c were analyzed by Gephi,Spsspro,traditional Chinese medicine inheritance computing platform and other software.Results Urology in Tibetan medicine has a long history,with a development period of one thousand years and has a systematic and complete theoretical system.The three-times and nine-diagnosis method of urinary in Tibetan medicine recorded in the Four Tantras is unique and plays an important role in the diagnosis of clinical diseases.According to the analysis of 355 clinical cases of Jenesake disease,urine diagnosis was slightly different according to different syndrome types,the overall color was light yellow,cyan,yellow,relatively bright,close to normal urine color.Steam and smell are big;The foam is bluish and large or dissipates quickly;Few or hairy suspensions;The float is thin;Change time for the hot gas is not finished began to change;The pattern of change from the thin middle to the edge;Cyclotron condition from thin to thick and other characteristics.The frequency analysis of urinary diagnosis syndromes showed that 139 cases of Chiba type,91 cases of lung type,88 cases of bacon type and 34 cases of Pechi type.Conclusion Urology in Tibetan medicine has a complete theoretical system and rich experience in clinical practice.Through the method of combining literature mining and clinical medical cases,this paper expands the contents of the three-time and nine-time urine diagnosis of Jenesake disease in Tibetan medicine and combines the original thinking of Tibetan medicine with modern information technology to realize the visualization of the invisible experience knowledge of Jenesake disease urine diagnosis in Tibetan medicine.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment methods, and efficacy of hemorrhagic supratentorial deep brain arteriovenous malformation(BAVM) in children.Methods:Clinical data of 12 pediatric patients with hemorrhagic supratentorial deep BAVM diagnosed and treated in the Department of Neurosurgery, Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, there were 7 males and 5 females, aged range from 4.8 to 14.1(9.6±3.2) years old.On the day of onset, the children underwent lateral external ventricular drainage, combined surgery, evacuation of intracranial hematoma, or medication to reduce intracranial pressure, based on the location of intracranial hemorrhage, degree of neurological dysfunction, and angioarchitecture of BAVM.Afterwards, the patients were given embolization with stable physical signs.The data of 12 patients were analyzed retrospectively, including clinical manifestations, imaging features, and treatment outcomes.Results:All 12 children started with intracranial hemorrhage.Digital subtraction angiography confirmed the diagnosis of deep BAVM, with 6 cases having the niduses in the splenium of the corpus callosum, 3 cases in the body of the corpus callosum, 2 cases in the basal ganglia area, and 1 case in the thalamus.Ten children had an intracranial hemorrhage in the lateral ventricle.Among them, 6 children underwent lateral external ventricular drainage on the day of onset and then were given BAVM embolization 7-14 days after onset; 1 patient experienced intraoperative bleeding, but showed no neurological dysfunction after surgery; 1 patient experienced temporary facial numbness; 1 patient with massive hemorrhages in the occipital lobe and lateral ventricle underwent combined surgery to embolize the BAVM and remove intracranial hematoma on the first day of onset; 1 patient suffered from basal ganglia hemorrhage with lateral intraventricular hemorrhage, and evacuation of intracranial hematoma was performed on the day of onset, and BAVM embolization was performed 7 days after surgery.Three months after combined surgery and embolization and 3 years after gamma knife treatment, the digital subtraction angiography was re-performed, and results showed that 5 cases, including 1 child undergoing combined surgery, was cured through a single interventional embolization, and 1 case was cured by a single embolization combined with gamma knife treatment.Conclusions:Intracranial hemorrhage caused by deep BAVM in children is mainly located in the lateral ventricle.In the acute phase, the main focus is on treating intracranial hypertension caused by obstructive hydrocephalus and intracranial parenchymal hematoma.Interventional embolization is safe and effective in the treatment of deep BAVM in children.

Heart failure(HF)is a highly morbid syndrome that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients and generates an enormous socio-economic burden.In addition to cardiac myocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis,which are considered mechanisms for the development of HF,alterations in cardiac energy metabolism and pathological autophagy also contribute to cardiac abnormalities and ultimately HF.Silent information regulator 1(Sirt1)and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and phosphorylated kinases,respectively.They play similar roles in regulating some pathological processes of the heart through regulating targets such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α(PGC-1α),protein 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR).We summarized the synergistic effects of Sirt1 and AMPK in the heart,and listed the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)that exhibit cardioprotective properties by modulating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway,to provide a basis for the development of Sirt1/AMPK activators or inhibitors for the treatment of HF and other cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).