To investigate the effectiveness and safety of diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy (D-POEM) for mid-esophageal diverticulum. Data of consecutive patients in the prospective database with mid-esophageal diverticulum who received D-POEM in West China Hospital, Sichuan University between April 2014 to September 2019 were collected. The modified Eckardt scoring system for mid-esophageal diverticulum was used to evaluate the severity of diverticular symptoms. The effectiveness and safety of D-POEM were evaluated in terms of clinical success, technical success, complications and recurrence. A total of 7 patients with mid-esophageal diverticulum were included. Clinical and technical success was achieved in all patients with operation time of 16-70 minutes. No serious complications (2 cases with minor complications) or recurrence occurred. The follow-up time was 2-16 months. The median modified Eckardt score decreased from 3 points before operation to 0 points after operation. It is preliminarily believed that D-POEM ensures a complete septotomy between normal esophageal lumen and esophageal diverticulum. It is a safe and effective technique for mid-esophageal diverticulum. The modified Eckardt scoring system is suitable for symptom evaluation before and after treatment of mid-esophageal diverticulum.

Inflammatory caspase-11 senses and is activated by intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leading to pyroptosis that has critical role in defensing against bacterial infection, whereas its excess activation under pathogenic circumstances may cause various inflammatory diseases. However, there are few known drugs that can control caspase-11 activation. We report here that scutellarin, a flavonoid from Erigeron breviscapus, acted as an inhibitor for caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Scutellarin dose-dependently inhibited intracellular LPS-induced release of caspase-11p26 (indicative of caspase-11 activation) and generation of N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT), leading to reduced pyroptosis. It also suppressed the activation of non-canonical nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as evidenced by reduced apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation and decreased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and caspase-1p10 secretion, whereas the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 only inhibited IL-1β and caspase-1p10 release and ASC speck formation but not pyroptosis. Scutellarin also suppressed LPS-induced caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 cells lacking ASC expression. Moreover, scutellarin treatment increased Ser/Thr phosphorylation of caspase-11 at protein kinase A (PKA)-specific sites, and its inhibitory action on caspase-11 activation was largely abrogated by PKA inhibitor H89 or by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL12330A. Collectively, our data indicate that scutellarin inhibited caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in macrophages at least partly via regulating the PKA signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of digital technology in the treatment of secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture.Methods:The clinical data of 20 patients with secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from October 2015 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 14 males and 6 females, aged 18-56 years. A computed tomography scan of the skull was performed before the operation. The data was three-dimensional(3D) reconstructed by Mimics software. The digital model was used to determine the surgical plan. Then the 3D head model was printed, osteotomy guide plate and reduction guide plate were used to guide osteotomy and reduction during surgery. Using Mimics software, the angle between orbital horizontal level and bilateral tragus linkage(A-OT value), the absolute value of the distance difference between bilateral zygomatic process point and facial midline (face width difference), and the absolute value of the distance difference between bilateral zygomatic process points and the vertical line passing through the central point of bony external auditory canal(facial process difference) were measured before and 3 days after operation. The exophthalmos of the affected side was measured by Hertel exophthalmos meter before and 6 months after operation. The paired t-test was used for comparison before and after operation. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:All the wounds healed well and the 20 patients were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. Before and after surgery, the A-OT values were (8.41 ± 2.46)° and (2.67 ± 0.55)°, with statistically significant difference ( t=11.242, P<0.001). Face width differences were (9.12 ± 1.02) mm and (1.51 ± 0.40) mm, with statistically significant difference( t=33.946, P<0.001). Facial process differences were (9.22 ± 0.95) mm and (1.53 ± 0.61) mm, with statistically significant difference ( t=33.484, P<0.001). Except for 4 patients with enucleation, the exophthalmos of the other patients was (7.81 ± 1.25) mm before operation and (12.78 ± 0.65) mm 6 months after operation. The difference was statistically significant ( t=-13.183, P<0.001). There was no diplopia and abnormal eye movement after operation. Conclusions:The application of digital technology in the treatment of secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture is helpful to accurately diagnosis and reduction, and to improve the surgical effect.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of digital technology in the treatment of secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture.Methods:The clinical data of 20 patients with secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from October 2015 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 14 males and 6 females, aged 18-56 years. A computed tomography scan of the skull was performed before the operation. The data was three-dimensional(3D) reconstructed by Mimics software. The digital model was used to determine the surgical plan. Then the 3D head model was printed, osteotomy guide plate and reduction guide plate were used to guide osteotomy and reduction during surgery. Using Mimics software, the angle between orbital horizontal level and bilateral tragus linkage(A-OT value), the absolute value of the distance difference between bilateral zygomatic process point and facial midline (face width difference), and the absolute value of the distance difference between bilateral zygomatic process points and the vertical line passing through the central point of bony external auditory canal(facial process difference) were measured before and 3 days after operation. The exophthalmos of the affected side was measured by Hertel exophthalmos meter before and 6 months after operation. The paired t-test was used for comparison before and after operation. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:All the wounds healed well and the 20 patients were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. Before and after surgery, the A-OT values were (8.41 ± 2.46)° and (2.67 ± 0.55)°, with statistically significant difference ( t=11.242, P<0.001). Face width differences were (9.12 ± 1.02) mm and (1.51 ± 0.40) mm, with statistically significant difference( t=33.946, P<0.001). Facial process differences were (9.22 ± 0.95) mm and (1.53 ± 0.61) mm, with statistically significant difference ( t=33.484, P<0.001). Except for 4 patients with enucleation, the exophthalmos of the other patients was (7.81 ± 1.25) mm before operation and (12.78 ± 0.65) mm 6 months after operation. The difference was statistically significant ( t=-13.183, P<0.001). There was no diplopia and abnormal eye movement after operation. Conclusions:The application of digital technology in the treatment of secondary deformity of orbitozygomatic fracture is helpful to accurately diagnosis and reduction, and to improve the surgical effect.

Objective To observe the effect ofGuanxin-Shutongcapsule in the treatment of arterial elasticity on patients with hypertension.Methods The hypertension patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into treatment group (50 cases) and control group (52 cases). The control group was treated with antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure within the normal range. The treatment group was treated withGuanxin-Shutongcapsule on the basis of the control group. All were given 8 weeks treatment. The main artery elastic parameters were meansured by the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (C-FPWV) and cervical-dorsal arterial pulse wave velocity (C-DPWV). The immune turbidimetric method was employed to enhance for the determination of high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP); and radioimmunoassay was used to assess the serum IL-6, TNF-a, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). The blood pressure was monitored during the treatment.Results After the treatment, the level of hs-CRP (2.83 ± 1.35 mg/Lvs. 3.65 ± 1.38 mg/L,t=6.357), TNF-α (0.16 ± 0.08 mg/Lvs. 0.28 ± 0.07 mg/L,t=18.213), C-FPWV (13.85 ± 1.86 m/svs. 15.34 ± 1.78 m/s,t=6.524), C-DPWV (11.98 ± 1.45 m/svs. 12.87 ± 1.48 m/s,t=7.152) in treatment group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionGuanxin-Shutong capsule by inhibiting systemic inflammation, reducing and reversing atherosclerosis, and improving the arterial elasticity and blood pressure.

Objective To explore a better method to repair cervical cicatricle contracture deformity.Methods The cervicai cicatrical contraction deformity was repaird by the cervico-shoulder island skin flap with blood supply crossing and abundant anastomotic branches of the neck-shoulder blood vessels. After removing the cervical scar, the flaps were designed according to the size of the wound to be repaired, and the clinical anatomy of crossing and abundant anastomotic branches of the neck-shoulder blood vessels. The secondary wound of donor site was closed directly if the donor region was small, or closed by skin graft. Results Sixteen patients in this clinic were operated with this method, and venous return dysfunction occurred in 1 case, but blood circulation was improved after treatment. All the flaps survived with good appearance and texture. The extensive flap was created and transferred to the anterior neck by one stage without pre-expansion which met some patients'requirement of repairing cervical cicatricle contracture deformity. Conclusion The cervico-shoulder island skin flap, with abundant blood supply, is a new method to repair cervical cicatricle contracture deformity.

AIM: To investigate the anti-HIV-1 activity of five anthraquinone derivatives (emodin,rhein,chrysophanol,physcion and aloe-emodin) in vitro.METHODS: Viral replication was estimated by observation of cytopathogenesis and measurement of HIV-1 p24 antigen production in HIV-1ⅢB acutely infected C8166 cells. The anti-HIV-1 activity was evaluated by the 50% effective concentrations (EC50) and selective indexes (SI) of these derivatives.RESULTS: These anthraquinone derivatives inhibited HIV-1ⅢB replication on syncytia formation induced by HIV-1ⅢB infection with EC50 mean values of (11.44±0.93)μmol/L (emodin),(51.28±2.86)μmol/L (rhein),(90.58±2.30)μmol/L (chrysophanol),(8.59±0.38)μmol/L (physcion) and (0.89±0.08)μmol/L (aloe-emodin),respectively. The p24 antigen production with EC50 mean values were (11.61±0.56)μmol/L (emodin),(12.35±4.73)μmol/L (rhein),(39.63±2.87)μmol/L (chrysophanol),>250 μmol/L (physcion) and (2.75±0.20)μmol/L (aloe-emodin) respectively. CONCLUSION: These structurally-related chemicals show different anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro. Among them,aloe-emodin is the most potent inhibitor to HIV-1 replication.

The chemical structures of mequindox related metabolites in chicken plasma had been investigated using high performance liquid chromatography combined with linear ion trap quadrupole(LC-ESI/LTQ) and high performance liquid chromatography combined with ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/IT-TOF).Samples were separated by Hypersil BDS C_(18) and symmetry Shield columns, respectively, and 0.01% formic acid aqueous(A) and methanol(B) were used as mobile phase with gradient elution.Electros pray ionization mass spectrometric(ESI) source was used and operated in positive ion mode.When chickens were orally administered with mequindox at dosage of 20 mg/kg, blood samples were collected from the brachi al vein.Mequindox and its metabolites were extracted by the mixture of acetonitrile and acetoacetate (3:2, V/V).After solvent evaporated, the residue was dissolved in 30% methanol aqueous and the solution was detected by LC/IT-TOF MS and LC-ESI/LTQ.The molecule weight from LC-ESI/IT-TOF was analyzed by software Shimadzu's Composition and the mass chromatogram from LC-ESI/LTQ was analyzed by software Xcalibur 2.0.7.According to the molecular weight and MS~n data, referring the metabolic reaction rules, five chemical structures of mequindox related metabolites in chicken plasma were identified.Metabolites (M1-M4) were synthesized to verify the structure of metabolites.The metabolites are 3-methyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-qui-noxaline-N~1,N~4-dioxide(Ml), 3-methyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-quinoxaline-N~4-oxide(M2), 3-methyl-2-acetyl-quinoxaline-N~4-oxide, 3-methyl-2-acetyl-quinoxaline (M4), 3-hydroxymethyl-2-(1-hydroxy) ethyl-quinoxa-line-N~1,N~4-dioxide (M5).

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tetramer technology offers a powerful means to study specific T cell populations of interest. To investigate the immune response of H-2Db-restricted CD8+ T cells in immunotherapy, we prepared the H-2Db tetramer and verified its effectiveness in enumerating the CD8+ T cells specific for the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). First, the cDNA encoding H-2Db heavy chain was cloned by RT-PCR from the spleen of a C57BL/6 mouse. The expression vector for H-2Db-BSP, i.e. the ectodomain of H-2Db fused to a BirA substrate peptide (BSP), was constructed and overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). Then, the denatured H-2Db-BSP was refolded in the presence of human beta2-microglobulin as well as the GP33-41 peptide (KAVYNFATC, KAV) of LCMV. The biotinylated H-2Db/KAV molecules were purified, then bound to streptavidin-PE and tetramerized. Finally, the prepared H-2Db KAV tetramer reagent was verified by detecting the CD8+ T cells specific for HCMV in KAV peptide vaccinated C57BL/6 mouse, with a mouse receiving subcutaneous injection of only adjuvant as negative control. The results showed that the tetramer positive rates were 0.27%, 0.11%, and 0.24% within the CD8+ T cell populations in the peripheral blood, draining lymph nodes, and spleen of vaccinated mouse, respectively. There was only very low background staining (< or = 0.01%) of those samples from the control mouse. Beside, the best results were achieved in the staining of the peripheral blood sample. In conclusion, the established procedure of preparing H-2Db tetramer will facilitate the study of the immune responses of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in the experimental immunotherapy on the mice with H-2Db allele background.
Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; H-2 Antigens ; genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; Immunologic Techniques ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity ; immunology

AIM To investigate the effect of recipient kidney function by CsA coadministration Ber used to induce immune tolerance in rats of allogenic cardiac transplantation. METHODS The authors established the SD to Wistar rats heterotopic cardiac transplantation model by Onos methods.Observe the cardiac allograft survival and levels of BUN and Cr in the recipients plasma. The recipients were classified into 5 groups randomly after heterotopic cardiac transplantation were performed. Group A (Wistar to Wistar)): Received placebo intraperitoneal injected for 21 days; Group B (SD to Wistar): Saline intraperitoneal injected for 21 days; Group C (SD to Wistar):CsA 2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 intraperitoneal injected for 21 days; Group D(SD to Wistar):Ber 16 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 gastrointubation for 21 days; Group E(SD to Wistar): Ber 16 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 gastrointubation coadministration CsA 2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ip for 21 days. RESULTS The levels of BUN and Cr in recipint plasma is lower evidently compare with the group with CsA ip simply. CONCLUSION Ber can reduce the renal toxicity in recipients by CsA which was intraperitoneal injected (ip) over a long period time.