1.Small bowel video keyframe retrieval based on multi-modal contrastive learning.
Xing WU ; Guoyin YANG ; Jingwen LI ; Jian ZHANG ; Qun SUN ; Xianhua HAN ; Quan QIAN ; Yanwei CHEN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2025;42(2):334-342
Retrieving keyframes most relevant to text from small intestine videos with given labels can efficiently and accurately locate pathological regions. However, training directly on raw video data is extremely slow, while learning visual representations from image-text datasets leads to computational inconsistency. To tackle this challenge, a small bowel video keyframe retrieval based on multi-modal contrastive learning (KRCL) is proposed. This framework fully utilizes textual information from video category labels to learn video features closely related to text, while modeling temporal information within a pretrained image-text model. It transfers knowledge learned from image-text multimodal models to the video domain, enabling interaction among medical videos, images, and text data. Experimental results on the hyper-spectral and Kvasir dataset for gastrointestinal disease detection (Hyper-Kvasir) and the Microsoft Research video-to-text (MSR-VTT) retrieval dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of KRCL, with the proposed method achieving state-of-the-art performance across nearly all evaluation metrics.
Humans
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Video Recording
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Intestine, Small/diagnostic imaging*
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Machine Learning
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Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*
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Algorithms
2.18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer
Peng LI ; Shuang LU ; Weiwei ZHAO ; Yanmei LI ; Xianhua HAN ; Xiaofeng ZHANG ; Jianwei YANG
Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2025;45(11):648-653
Objective:To investigate the value of midtreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for predicting the pathological response in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT). Methods:Twenty-five LAGC patients (19 males, 6 females, age: (64.8±8.6) years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after NICT in Henan Cancer Hospital from August 2019 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesion′s ROI was delineated, then the SUV max and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were measured, and the SUV max was divided by SUV mean of the descending aorta to obtain the tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). Patients underwent surgery after PET/CT imaging. Based on the tumor regression grade (TRG) system by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) criteria on surgical specimen, patients were divided into responders (TRG0+ 1) and non-responders (TRG2+ 3). Independent-sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used to compare the differences of data. The predictive efficacy of PET/CT metabolic parameters was assessed by the ROC curve analysis. Results:Postsurgical pathology showed that 9 patients were responders and 16 were non-responders. The SUV max (3.10±1.95) and TBR (2.44±1.54) of primary lesions in responders were lower than those in non-responders (7.40±4.68, 5.85±3.74; t values: -2.61, -2.59, both P<0.05), while the MTV of primary tumors and short diameter and metabolic parameters of positive lymph nodes were not significantly different between those 2 groups ( t=-1.50, Z values: -1.09 to -0.75, all P>0.05). No significant relation was found between PET/CT parameters and pathological differentiation or Lauren classification, or other pathological features ( t values: -1.55 to 1.38, Z values: -1.84 to 0, F values: 0.12-2.43, H values: 0.13-0.98, all P>0.05). ROC curve showed that the cut-off value of SUV max for predicting postoperative TRG was 5.40, and the AUC reached 0.77 (95% CI: 0.56-0.91), with the sensitivity and specificity of 9/16, 9/9, respectively. With TBR=3.54 as the cut-off value, its AUC reached 0.77 (95% CI: 0.56-0.91), and the sensitivity and specificity were 11/16, 8/9, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT for predicting lymph node positivity of patients were 8/12 and 13/13, respectively. Conclusion:Interim 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters can accurately predict the pathological response of LAGC patients after NICT.
3.Value of cranial CT cisternal grading,D-dimer,and Glasgow Coma Scale score in predicting short-term postoperative prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Liexiang ZHANG ; Yuchao HE ; Chang CAI ; Xianhua FU ; Meng LI ; Jin XU ; Ning JIANG ; Xiefeng WANG ; Honglin CHEN
Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice 2025;29(8):17-21
Objective To investigate the value of cranial CT cisternal grading combined with D-dimer(D-D)and Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score in predicting the short-term postoperative prog-nosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods A total of 165 patients with severe trau-matic brain injury who were treated in the hospital from January 2019 to May 2024 were selected as study subjects,all underwent craniotomy surgery.Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 3 months to analyze the differences in clinical data and preoperative indicators such as cranial CT cisternal grad-ing,D-D levels,and GCS scores between patients with poor and good prognosis.The value of cranial CT cisternal grading,D-D levels,and GCS scores in predicting short-term postoperative poor prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury was also analyzed.Results Compared with patients with good prognosis,patients with poor prognosis had higher proportion of age,cranial CT cisternal grading of Ⅰ to Ⅱ,D-D levels,and GCS scores＜6(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in C-reactive protein,prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time,international normalized ratio,total cholesterol,triglycerides,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between patients with poor and good prognosis(P＞0.05).Cranial CT cisternal grading,D-D levels,and GCS scores were influencing factors for short-term postoperative poor prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury(P＜0.05).The area under the curve for poor prognosis by three indicators in combination was 0.941(95％CI,0.906 to 0.975),which was higher than the area under the curve for the individual predictions of cranial CT cisternal grad-ing,D-D levels,and GCS scores(P＜0.05).Conclusion The influencing factors for short-term postoperative prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury include cranial CT cisternal grading,D-D levels,and GCS scores.The model based on these three indicators has certain appli-cation value in predicting patient prognosis.
4.Consistency verification of reverse screening strategy for syphilis in maternal and child populations and assocliation between S/CO value and false positive rate of CLIA
Weiming LU ; Jiewen LI ; Chunming GU ; Junfei GUO ; Kefeng LAI ; Xianhua ZHENG ; Mingyong LUO
The Journal of Practical Medicine 2025;41(20):3249-3255
Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of two syphilis reverse testing protocols recommended by the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(USCDC)and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control(ECDC)within maternal and child populations,and to explore the factors contributing to false-positive results in chemiluminescent immunoassays(CLIA).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on serological test results from 109,003 patients collected between 2021 and 2023.All participants were initially screened for specific syphilis antibodies using CLIA,and those with positive results underwent confirmatory testing with both the toluidine red unheated serum test(TRUST)and the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay(TPPA).The kappa statistic was employed to assess the diagnostic agreement between the USCDC and ECDC protocols,while also analyzing the distribution patterns of CLIA false-positive results across varying S/CO value ranges and demographic groups.Results Both protocols achieved a syphilis positivity rate of 0.34%.The hospital's high-prevalence syphilis screening program identified no cases with CLIA-positive or TRUST-positive but TPPA-negative results,suggesting high specificity in this population.The two protocols demonstrated perfect agreement with a Kappa value of 1.0,indicating no significant difference in diagnostic performance between maternal and child populations.CLIA exhibited a true positive rate of 71.04%,which was positively correlated with S/CO values:21.88%when 1.010.The highest false positive rate for CLIA(38.75%)was observed among young adults,while the largest proportion of false positives-reaching 40.00%—was associated with pregnancy and abortion status.Conclusions The two reverse detection methods for syphilis exhibit comparable diagnostic efficacy in women and children from populations with low syphilis prevalence.CLIA demonstrates high sensitivity;however,when the S/CO ratio is less than 10,particularly in adult women of childbearing age,clinicians should remain vigilant for potential false-positive results to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary medical interventions.
5.Consistency verification of reverse screening strategy for syphilis in maternal and child populations and assocliation between S/CO value and false positive rate of CLIA
Weiming LU ; Jiewen LI ; Chunming GU ; Junfei GUO ; Kefeng LAI ; Xianhua ZHENG ; Mingyong LUO
The Journal of Practical Medicine 2025;41(20):3249-3255
Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of two syphilis reverse testing protocols recommended by the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(USCDC)and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control(ECDC)within maternal and child populations,and to explore the factors contributing to false-positive results in chemiluminescent immunoassays(CLIA).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on serological test results from 109,003 patients collected between 2021 and 2023.All participants were initially screened for specific syphilis antibodies using CLIA,and those with positive results underwent confirmatory testing with both the toluidine red unheated serum test(TRUST)and the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay(TPPA).The kappa statistic was employed to assess the diagnostic agreement between the USCDC and ECDC protocols,while also analyzing the distribution patterns of CLIA false-positive results across varying S/CO value ranges and demographic groups.Results Both protocols achieved a syphilis positivity rate of 0.34%.The hospital's high-prevalence syphilis screening program identified no cases with CLIA-positive or TRUST-positive but TPPA-negative results,suggesting high specificity in this population.The two protocols demonstrated perfect agreement with a Kappa value of 1.0,indicating no significant difference in diagnostic performance between maternal and child populations.CLIA exhibited a true positive rate of 71.04%,which was positively correlated with S/CO values:21.88%when 1.010.The highest false positive rate for CLIA(38.75%)was observed among young adults,while the largest proportion of false positives-reaching 40.00%—was associated with pregnancy and abortion status.Conclusions The two reverse detection methods for syphilis exhibit comparable diagnostic efficacy in women and children from populations with low syphilis prevalence.CLIA demonstrates high sensitivity;however,when the S/CO ratio is less than 10,particularly in adult women of childbearing age,clinicians should remain vigilant for potential false-positive results to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary medical interventions.
6.Dynamic analysis of immune responses in heterotopic heart transplantation model of genetically modified pig-to-macaque
Le BAI ; Ziqiang DAI ; Zhipeng REN ; Chenghong LAI ; Xianhua LI ; Xiaoyang XIE ; Dengke PAN ; Enwu LONG ; Dianyuan LI
Organ Transplantation 2025;16(5):747-755
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a combined immunosuppression regimen in modulating rejection in genetically modified pig-to-macaque xenogeneic heart transplantation.Methods Two xenogeneic heart transplantation models were constructed using genetically modified pigs and macaques.Dynamic monitoring of recipient peripheral blood immune parameters and observation of graft pathological changes were performed.Results Regimen 1,featuring B-cell depletion,T-cell inhibition,and C3 complement suppression,reduced lymphocyte levels but failed to control acute humoral rejection and macrophage infiltration.Regimen 2,adding C5 complement inhibition and interleukin-6 inhibition to Regimen 1,more effectively lowered lymphocyte levels,inhibited acute humoral rejection and complement activation,and decreased antibody deposition.However,a late-phase cytokine storm and residual T cells emerged.Conclusions Regimen 2 reduces the hyperacute and acute rejection risks through multi-target intervention.Yet,it requires balancing medication complexity and safety.This indicates the need to optimize cellular immune regulation and adjust the plan through dynamic multidimensional monitoring.
7.Dynamic analysis of immune responses in heterotopic heart transplantation model of genetically modified pig-to-macaque
Le BAI ; Ziqiang DAI ; Zhipeng REN ; Chenghong LAI ; Xianhua LI ; Xiaoyang XIE ; Dengke PAN ; Enwu LONG ; Dianyuan LI
Organ Transplantation 2025;16(5):747-755
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a combined immunosuppression regimen in modulating rejection in genetically modified pig-to-macaque xenogeneic heart transplantation.Methods Two xenogeneic heart transplantation models were constructed using genetically modified pigs and macaques.Dynamic monitoring of recipient peripheral blood immune parameters and observation of graft pathological changes were performed.Results Regimen 1,featuring B-cell depletion,T-cell inhibition,and C3 complement suppression,reduced lymphocyte levels but failed to control acute humoral rejection and macrophage infiltration.Regimen 2,adding C5 complement inhibition and interleukin-6 inhibition to Regimen 1,more effectively lowered lymphocyte levels,inhibited acute humoral rejection and complement activation,and decreased antibody deposition.However,a late-phase cytokine storm and residual T cells emerged.Conclusions Regimen 2 reduces the hyperacute and acute rejection risks through multi-target intervention.Yet,it requires balancing medication complexity and safety.This indicates the need to optimize cellular immune regulation and adjust the plan through dynamic multidimensional monitoring.
8.18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer
Peng LI ; Shuang LU ; Weiwei ZHAO ; Yanmei LI ; Xianhua HAN ; Xiaofeng ZHANG ; Jianwei YANG
Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2025;45(11):648-653
Objective:To investigate the value of midtreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters for predicting the pathological response in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT). Methods:Twenty-five LAGC patients (19 males, 6 females, age: (64.8±8.6) years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after NICT in Henan Cancer Hospital from August 2019 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesion′s ROI was delineated, then the SUV max and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were measured, and the SUV max was divided by SUV mean of the descending aorta to obtain the tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). Patients underwent surgery after PET/CT imaging. Based on the tumor regression grade (TRG) system by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) criteria on surgical specimen, patients were divided into responders (TRG0+ 1) and non-responders (TRG2+ 3). Independent-sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used to compare the differences of data. The predictive efficacy of PET/CT metabolic parameters was assessed by the ROC curve analysis. Results:Postsurgical pathology showed that 9 patients were responders and 16 were non-responders. The SUV max (3.10±1.95) and TBR (2.44±1.54) of primary lesions in responders were lower than those in non-responders (7.40±4.68, 5.85±3.74; t values: -2.61, -2.59, both P<0.05), while the MTV of primary tumors and short diameter and metabolic parameters of positive lymph nodes were not significantly different between those 2 groups ( t=-1.50, Z values: -1.09 to -0.75, all P>0.05). No significant relation was found between PET/CT parameters and pathological differentiation or Lauren classification, or other pathological features ( t values: -1.55 to 1.38, Z values: -1.84 to 0, F values: 0.12-2.43, H values: 0.13-0.98, all P>0.05). ROC curve showed that the cut-off value of SUV max for predicting postoperative TRG was 5.40, and the AUC reached 0.77 (95% CI: 0.56-0.91), with the sensitivity and specificity of 9/16, 9/9, respectively. With TBR=3.54 as the cut-off value, its AUC reached 0.77 (95% CI: 0.56-0.91), and the sensitivity and specificity were 11/16, 8/9, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT for predicting lymph node positivity of patients were 8/12 and 13/13, respectively. Conclusion:Interim 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters can accurately predict the pathological response of LAGC patients after NICT.
9.Report of 5 gene-edited pig-rhesus monkey heterotopic heart xenotransplantation experiment
Gen ZHANG ; Huan WANG ; Yulong GUAN ; Jie YAN ; Ji LI ; Xiaoliang LI ; Xianhua LI ; Rong ZHOU ; Xianzhi WANG ; Zhipeng REN ; Dongsheng HE ; Xin LI ; Dengke PAN ; Dianyuan LI
Chinese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2024;40(6):379-384
Objective:To investigate the changing trends in cardiac function following xenogeneic heterotopic heart transplantation of multi-gene edited pig hearts and assess the impact of recipient immune responses on donor heart, laying experimental groundwork for the clinical application of gene editing technology.Methods:On December 16, 2023, xenogeneic heterotopic heart transplantation was performed between pigs and rhesus monkeys. Functional status of the graft under post-transplantation load conditions and recipient immune indicators were observed.Results:The recipient monkeys survived for 40 days with satisfactory functionality of both donor and recipient hearts, and no hyperacute or acute immune rejection reactions were observed.Conclusion:Multi-gene editing technology provides potential for xenotransplantation, yet further exploration is needed for its clinical application.
10.Prognostic Value of ABAT mRNA Expression and ABAT Methylation Level in Bone Marrow of Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Yanmin YANG ; Xiujun HAO ; Zhifang ZHAO ; Pei WANG ; Weige XU ; Yingxin LI ; Xianhua YUAN
Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine 2024;39(6):84-89
Objective To detect the expression level of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase(ABAT)in bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),and analyze its influence on clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients.Methods From January 2016 to March 2020,92 patients with MDS and 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College were retrospectively collected.Meanwhile,30 patients with immunothrombocytopenia who did not develop MDS or other clonal diseases of the blood system during a 3-year follow-up were collected as control group.Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the relative expression level and methylation level of ABAT mRNA of all patients,and the relative expression level and methylation level of ABAT mRNA among different clinical characteristics of MDS patients were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the adverse prognosis of MDS.The clinical value of detecting ABAT methylation level in predicting poor prognosis of MDS patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the 3-year survival rate between groups with different ABAT mRNA relative expression levels and methylation levels,and log-rank test was used for their comparison.Results The expression level of ABAT mRNA in MDS group(0.42±0.08)was lower than that in control group(0.56±0.15)and AML group(0.52±0.10),while the methylation level of ABAT(32.51±5.32)was higher than that of AML group(26.21±4.58)and control group(10.25±4.31),and the differences were significant(t=4.251,4.562;10.415,8.326,all P<0.001).The methylation level of ABAT in high-risk patients(42.65±5.32)was higher than that in low-risk patients(25.63±4.16),intermediate-risk-1 patients(30.59±2.51)and intermediate-risk-2 patients(33.25±3.69)by IPSS risk grade,and the differences were significant(t=8.329,7.077,15.874,all P<0.001).Poor Karyotype analysis result[OR(95%CI):4.973(1.524～8.581),P=0.004],high IPSS risk grade[OR(95%CI):8.542(2.365～14.521),P<0.001]and ABAT hypermethylation level[OR(95%CI):6.178(1.589～13.021),P<0.001]were the risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of MDS.The cut-offvalue of ABAT methylation level to predict the poor prognosis of MDS were 30.54,and the area under the curve(AUC),the sensitivity and specificity were 0.92,0.874 and 0.851,respectively.The 3-year survival rate of the high ABAT methylation group(>30.54)was 66.67%,which was lower than that of the low ABAT methylation group(≤30.54)was 93.18%,with significant difference(Log-rank x2=9.814,P=0.002).Conclusion The ABAT methylation levels in MDS bone marrow increase,which is a risk factor affecting the poor prognosis of patients.ABAT basal level>30.54 is expected to become a factors predicting the poor prognosis of patients.
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