Objective: To investigate the prevalence levels and trends of overweight and obesity among adult residents in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for developing regional weight management strategies. Methods: Permanent residents aged ≥18 years from Zhejiang Province who participated in the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Project in 2015, 2018, and 2023 were selected as survey subjects. Data on sociodemographic information, height, weight and waist circumference were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were calculated and standardized using data from the Seventh National Population Census of Zhejiang Province in 2020. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was employed to analyze the trends in prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity across different genders, ages and regions. Results: A total of 23 902 individuals were surveyed, comprising 10 985 males (45.96%) and 12 917 females (54.04%). Participants were aged ≥60 years, with 13 088 individuals accounting for 54.76%. There were 9 388 urban residents (39.28%) and 14 514 rural residents (60.72%). The standardized prevalence of overweight among residents increased from 30.05% in 2015 to 33.98% in 2023, the standardized prevalence of obesity increased from 7.67% to 15.22%, and the standardized prevalence of central obesity increased from 22.81% to 33.82%, all showed upward trends (all P<0.05). In 2015, 2018, and 2023, the standardized prevalence of overweight was higher in males than in females. In 2018 and 2023, the standardized prevalence of obesity and central obesity were higher in males than in females (all P<0.05). From 2015 to 2023, the standardized prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among both males and females showed upward trends (all P<0.05). In 2015, 2018 and 2023, the prevalence of central obesity showed an increasing trend with age (all P<0.05). From 2015 to 2023, upward trends were observed in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among residents aged 18-<45 years and aged ≥60 years, as well as in the prevalence of obesity and central obesity among residents aged 45-<60 years (all P<0.05). In 2015, 2018 and 2023, the standardized prevalence of overweight obesity were higher in urban areas than in rural areas, while the standardized prevalence of central obesity was lower in urban areas (all P<0.05). From 2015 to 2023, the standardized prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among both urban and rural areas showed upward trends (all P<0.05). Conclusion From 2015 to 2023, the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adult residents in Zhejiang Province showed increasing trends, with variations in prevalence levels and trends observed across genders, ages, and urban / rural areas.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a specific form of post-translational modification (PTM) predominantly triggered by the activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). However, the role and mechanism of PARylation in the advancement of acute kidney injury (AKI) remain undetermined. Here, we demonstrated the significant upregulation of PARP1 and its associated PARylation in murine models of AKI, consistent with renal biopsy findings in patients with AKI. This elevation in PARP1 expression might be attributed to trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3). Furthermore, a reduction in PARylation levels mitigated renal dysfunction in the AKI mouse models. Mechanistically, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated that PARylation mainly occurred in receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), thereby facilitating its subsequent phosphorylation. Moreover, the phosphorylation of RACK1 enhanced its dimerization and accelerated the ubiquitination-mediated hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) degradation, thereby exacerbating kidney injury. Additionally, we identified a PARP1 proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), A19, as a PARP1 degrader that demonstrated superior protective effects against renal injury compared with PJ34, a previously identified PARP1 inhibitor. Collectively, both genetic and drug-based inhibition of PARylation mitigated kidney injury, indicating that the PARylated RACK1/HIF-1α axis could be a promising therapeutic target for AKI treatment.

Objective:To establish a determination method of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)for serum hydrogen sulfide(H2S),so as to determine serum H2S.Methods:This study collected serum samples of 30 patients who admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from April 2023 to May 2023,and they were divided into osteoporosis group and control group according to whether existed osteoporosis,with 15 cases in each group.HPLC-MS/MS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used respectively to determine serum H2S.And then,the precision,accuracy and correlation between the two methods were evaluated.Results:HPLC-MS/MS can fast detect the content of serum H2S through detecting methylene blue in the serum,which analysis time was only 1.5 minutes,and its specificity was higher.The relative standard deviation(RSD)value of quality control plasma was 8.77%,and that of quality control plasma with the standard and pure water with standard were respectively 4.58% and 8.23%.The precisions of them met the requirement of detection(less than 20%).The recovery was 103.5% through used the above data,and the accuracy accorded with the requirements of quantitative detection(recovery was 103.5%).Conclusion:HPLC-MS/MS method is rapid and accurate in detecting H2S,which can accurately detect the content of serum H2S.This method has a series of advantages include fast,high throughput,high sensitivity and favorable stability,which contributes to conduct basic research of the content of serum H2S in the cellular pathways of human.

Objective Exploring the mechanisms of Sanwu Huangqin Decoction in the treatment of liver tumors based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technologies and experimental observations.Methods TCMSP database was used to screen the effective compounds contained in Sanwu Huangqin decoction,Drug bank,Pharm mapper,Uniport,PubMed and other databases were used to obtain the action targets of Sanwu Huangqin decoction,gene cards and TCGA databases were used to obtain the related targets of hepatocellular carcinoma,and the"drug-disease"target genes were obtained after the intersection with the action targets of Sanwu Huangqin decoction,and the protein interaction network was constructed using string database,David and KEGG databases were used for go and KEGG enrichment analysis,Cytoscape software was used to build the corresponding network,and discovery studios software was used for molecular docking to verify the above network pharmacology related results.The effects of Sanwu Huangqin decoction on the proliferation,the metastasis and the expression of IL-6 of cancer cells were observed.Results 81 effective components and 10 key components of Sanwu Huangqin decoction,249 targets,1420 differential targets between tumor samples and normal samples were obtained,and 59 overlapping targets were obtained.Frequency analysis of protein interaction network:the potential mechanism of Sanwu Huangqin Decoction in treating hepatocellular carcinoma is related to ESR1,Myc,Jun,IL-6,MMP9,EGF,etc.Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,IL-17 signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,Toll like receptor signaling pathway may play important roles.The results of molecular docking showed that acacetin,wogonin,baicalein,oroxylin a,beta sitosterol,8-isoopenenyl-kaempferol,formononetin,luteolin,quercetin,and stigmastrol bound to IL-6 protein,which further confirmed the above results.Animal experiments showed that Sanwu Huangqin decoction could inhibit the tumor size and the pulmonary metastasis,and the content of IL-6 in cancer cells was decreased,which preliminarily verified the anti-tumor effects and mechanism of Sanwu Huangqin decoction.Conclusion In this study,we found that IL-6 was the key target of Sanwu Huangqin decoction by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Sanwu Huangqin decoction could reduce the content of IL-6 in tumor tissues to inhibit liver cancer in vivo.These results provided a theoretical basis for the application of Sanwu Huangqin decoction in the treatment of liver cancer.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of platelet changes and their influencing factors during postoperative hospitalization in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods The patients who underwent TAVI at Beijing Anzhen Hospital Valve Surgery Center between March 2017 and October 2021 were retrospectively selected. The patients were divided into a self-limiting group and a non-self-limiting group according to the characteristics of postoperative platelet decline. In addition, the general preoperative data, preoperative and postoperative ultrasound data, intraoperative data, and the use of anticoagulant drugs during the postoperative stay in the hospital were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 249 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 175 (70.3%) patients in the self-limiting group, including 100 males and 75 females, and there were 74 (29.7%) patients in the non-self-limiting group, including 43 males and 31 females, with no statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.863). The mean age of patients was 73.11±8.88 years in the self-limiting group and 71.54±10.39 years in the non-self-limiting group (P=0.231). The decline of platelets in the self-limiting group generally occurred on the postoperative day 2 and reached the lowest count on the postoperative day 4, and returned to the baseline level on the postoperative day 5-7, while the platelets in the non-self-limiting group changed by simple rise, fall or irregular fluctuation. Patients in the self-limiting group had severer preoperative aortic stenosis (P<0.001) and used more extracorporeal circulation assistance during surgery (P<0.001). Postoperatively, patients in the self-limiting group were more likely to have periaortic valve leakage than those in the non-self-limiting group (P=0.013). Conclusion Platelet changes in most patients after TAVI show a self-limiting decline, which may be related to the severity of patients’ preoperative aortic stenosis, intraoperative extracorporeal circulation device use, and postoperative perivalvular leakage.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on excess mortality among residents. Methods: The data of residential mortality in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The average daily mass concentration of PM2.5 and meteorology data were collected from the Yangzhou Environmental Monitoring Station and Yangzhou Meteorological Bureau, respectively. The effects of PM2.5 on non-accidental mortality, morality of respiratory diseases and mortality of circulatory diseases were evaluated using a generalized additive model. The risk of excess mortality was evaluated using excess risk (ER) and the number of excess mortality. Results: The median average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 was 38.00 (interquartile range, 31.95) µg/m3 in Yangzhou City from 2015 to 2021, decreasing from 51.75 (interquartile range, 32.82) µg/m3 in 2015 to 28.00 (interquartile range, 23.42) µg/m3 in 2021. The median average annual number of non-accidental mortality, mortality of respiratory diseases and mortality of circulatory diseases were 96 (interquartile range, 22), 9 (interquartile range, 5) and 38 (interquartile range, 13) cases, respectively. The greatest effects of per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 mass concentration on non-accidental mortality, mortality of respiratory diseases, and mortality of circulatory diseases were seen at a cumulative lag of 1 day (ER=0.528%, 95%CI: 0.293%-0.763%), a cumulative lag of 2 days (ER=0.917%, 95%CI: 0.125%-1.714%) and a cumulative lag of 1 day (ER=0.595%, 95%CI: 0.232%-0.961%), respectively. The number of excess mortality caused by PM2.5 on non-accidental mortality, mortality of respiratory diseases, and mortality of circulatory diseases in Yangzhou City from 2015 to 2021 were 2 125, 412 and 977 cases, respectively; compared with 2015, the number of excess mortality in 2021 decreased by 66.95%, 75.53% and 64.42%, respectively. Conclusions An increase in the mass concentration of atmospheric PM2.5 may elevate the risk of excess mortality among residents. Compared to 2015, the number of excess deaths attributed to exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 declined in 2021.

Objectives:To compare the efficacies of operations under unilateral biportal endoscopy(UBE)and uniportal endoscopy(UE)in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis(LSS)with meta analysis.Methods:The clinical controlled studies of UBE and UE in the treatment of LSS were searched in PubMed,Cochrane Li-brary,Web of science,Embase,Medline,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP database from their establishments to May 2024.Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS)was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies.Outcome data including visual analogue scale(VAS)score of lower back and leg pain,Oswestry disability index(ODI),opera-tive time,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,complications,and dural sac area were extracted and analyzed with Review Manager 5.3 software for meta analysis.Results:A total of 15 articles were in-cluded,including 1 prospective cohort study and 14 retrospective studies,which were of medium and high quality according to the NOS.The total sample size was 1277,including 650 patients in the UBE group and 627 patients in the UE group.Meta analysis showed that there was a statistical difference in the operative time between the two groups,and the UBE group was shorter[MD=-12.30,95％CI(-20.90,-3.71),P=0.005].There was a no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss[MD=7.41,95％CI(-0.55,15.31),P=0.07],length of hospital stay[MD=0.02,95％CI(-0.09,0.14),P=0.71],postoperative back pain VAS score[MD=-0.22,95％CI(-0.45,0.02),P=0.07],postoperative leg pain VAS score[MD=-0.18,95％CI(0.39,0.02),P=0.08],ODI[MD=-0.91,95％CI(-2.22,0.39),P=0.17],complication rate[OR=0.75,95％CI(0.46,1.24),P=0.27],or preoperative dural sac cross-sectional area[MD=0.37,95％CI(-3.18,2.44),P=0.80]between the two groups.However,the dural sac area expansion after operation was statistically larger in UBE group than that in UE group[MD=-12.51,95％CI(7.44,17.59),P＜0.00001].Conclusions:Both operations under UBE and UE can achieve significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of LSS,and UBE is superior to UE in operative time and the degree of spinal canal decompression.

Objective To explore the efficacy of semaglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)com-bined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors.Methods Totally 80 patients with T2DM accompanied by NAFLD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected and randomly assigned to the observation group and the control group,with 40 patients in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with pioglitazone metformin and dapagliflozin,while patients in the observation group were treated with pioglitazone metformin,dapagliflozin,and semaglutide.The levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),body mass,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT),controlled attenuation parameter(CAP),liver stiffness measurement(LSM),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),lipid peroxide(LPO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-10(IL-10)before and after the treatment were compared.Results After 24 weeks of treatment,the overall response rate(ORR)in the observation group and control group was 92.5％(37/40)and 72.5％(29/40),respectively;and the ORR in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(x2=5.541,P＜0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the body mass,BMI,waist circumference,HbA1c,FBG,2hPG,ALT,AST,GGT,CAP,LSM,MDA,GSH-PX,LPO,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 of patients between the 2 groups(P＞0.05);after 24 weeks of treatment,the body mass,BMI,waist circumference,HbA1c,FBG,2hPG,ALT,AST,GGT,CAP,LSM,MDA,LPO,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 were significantly lower than before treatment,while GSH-PX was significantly higher than before treatment(P＜0.05);after 24 weeks of treatment,the body mass,BMI,waist circumference,HbA1c,FBG,2hPG,ALT,AST,GGT,CAP,LSM,MDA,LPO,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and GSH-PX was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group during the treatment period was 17.5％(7/40)and 12.5％(5/40),respectively;and the difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Semaglutide significantly downregulates the levels of FBG,2hPG and HbA1c in patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD and reduces the body mass,waist circumference,liver enzyme level,hepatic fat content,hepatic fibrosis,oxidative stress,and inflammatory indicators.