Objective To investigate the effect of tetrandrine tablets on inflammatory cytokines and acute phase response following the first-dose of zoledronic acid in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. Methods 80 postmenopausal osteoporosis patients receiving the first-dose of zoledronic acid admitted in the Affliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June, 2022 to December, 2024 were selected as study objects, and the patients were randomly divided into control group （40 cases, prophylactic treatment with acetaminophen tablets） and study group （40 cases, prophylactic treatment with tetrandrine tablets and acetaminophen tablets）. The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）, interleukin-1β （IL-1β）, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and the occurrence of acute phase reactions （fever, muscle and joint pain, gastrointestinal discomfort） between two groups were compared. Results The levels of serum hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in both groups significantly increased on day 1 and day 3 after infusion of zoledronic acid （all P values <0.05）. The levels of serum hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the control group were higher than those in the study group on day 1 and 3 after infusion of zoledronic acid, with statistical significance （all P values <0.05）. In terms of acute phase reactions, the incidence of fever, muscle and joint pain in the control group after infusion of zoledronic acid were higher than those in the study group, with statistical significance （P<0.05）. No statistically significant difference in the incidence of gastrointestinal discomfort between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Tetrandrine tablets could reduce the expression levels of hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α following the first-dose of zoledronic acid in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients, reduce the incidence of acute phase reactions, and alleviate adverse reactions.

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and influencing factors among Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in high-altitude regions, so as to provide evidence for early prevention and control of malnutrition in this population. Methods: From May to June 2022, a cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 1 019 Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from two primary and secondary schools in Golmud City. Physical examinations, dietary frequency questionnaires, and physical activity assessments were conducted. Nutritional status was classified as obesity, combined overweight/obesity, underweight, or central obesity according to national standards including Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children and Adolescents, Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents, Blue Book on Obesity Prevention and Control in China. Chi-square tests, t-test and Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with different nutritional statuses. Results: The detection rates of obesity, combined overweight/obesity, underweight, and central obesity were 8.0%, 18.1%, 5.2%, and 19.7%, respectively. The height of children and adolescents across all age groups was generally lower than the national standard values. Tibetan participants exhibited significantly lower height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ)(9-10, 13-17 years, Z =2.01, 2.78, 4.16, 3.38, 4.12, 3.63, 3.00) and BMI-for-age Z-scores (BAZ) compared to Mongolian participants ( Z =-2.95, -2.47, -2.31, -2.89, -2.14, -2.17)( P < 0.05 ). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that Mongolian children and adolescents had higher risks of obesity ( OR =2.20) and combined overweight/obesity ( OR = 2.18 ) ( P <0.05). Additionally, insufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with an increased risk of central obesity ( OR =1.48, P <0.05), compared with children and adolescents who meet the standard of MVPA. Conclusions The rates of overweight and obesity among Tibetan and Mongolian children and adolescents in Golmud City are higher, influenced by multiple factors. Nutrition interventions and physical activity strategies tailored to ethnic characteristics should be implemented, with emphasis on promoting MVPA to improve nutritional outcomes in this population.

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of Hexue Mingmu Tablets(HXMMT)in improving diabetic retinopathy(DR)based on transcriptomics.METHODS: Zebrafish DR models were established by 3-day glucose induction(130 mmol/L)starting at 3 days post-fertilization(dpf). Larvae were randomized into four groups: control group(CG; aquaculture water), model group(MG; 130 mmol/L glucose), low-dose HXMMT treatment group(L-HX; 130 mmol/L glucose +7.5 mg/L HXMMT), and high-dose HXMMT treatment group(H-HX; 130 mmol/L glucose +75 mg/L HXMMT), with a 3-day intervention period until 6 dpf. The area and length of eyes, and body length of zebrafish were observed by stereomicroscopy, retinal morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE), and retinal vessel diameter was observed under fluorescence microscope. Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified by RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq)technology to further elucidate the molecular mechanism of HXMMT in improving DR in zebrafish, and the sequencing accuracy was validated through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).RESULTS: HE staining demonstrated that the intervention with HXMMT significantly improved the disordered cell arrangement, widened gaps, and thickened inner nuclear layer(INL)in ganglion cell layer GCL); retinal vascular diameter quantification revealed that the retinal vessel diameter of the MG significantly increased compared with the CG, and it was significantly changed after the intervention of HXMMT, with significant efficacy in the H-HX(P<0.05); transcriptomics profiling identified 1 470 reversed DEGs, predominantly enriched in the AMPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, retinal developmental processes, and tight junction regulation. Technical validation confirmed strong correlation between qRT-PCR and RNA-seq data(R2=0.8571, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: HXMMT may improve retinal vascular microcirculation disorders in DR by regulating core targets including vsx1, pde6c, arr3a, plk1, fbp1b, foxo1a, pcna, and cdk1, as well as synergistically modulating processes such as retinal development in camera-type eyes, visual perception, microtubule cytoskeletal organization, tight junctions, and the AMPK signaling pathway, Foxo signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze the timeliness of antir-etroviral therapy (ART) and its influencing factors among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a reference for improving the ART effect of HIV/AIDS cases. Methods: Newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Wenzhou City from 2016 to 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Demographic information, the situation of the first CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4 cell) test, baseline CD4 cell count, and ART situation were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The timely rate of ART was analyzed, and the influencing factors for timely ART among HIV/AIDS cases were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 4 500 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Wenzhou City from 2016 to 2023 were included, among which 3 679 were males, accounting for 81.76%, and 821 were females, accounting for 18.24%. The median age was 46.24 (interquartile range, 26.23) years. Among these cases, 3 606 received timely ART, with a timely rate of 80.13%. The timely rate of ART increased from 57.54% in 2016 to 91.97% in 2023 (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried/divorced/widowed (OR=0.769, 95%CI: 0.641-0.922), detainees (OR=0.492, 95%CI: 0.269-0.900), untimely first CD4 cell test (OR=0.278, 95%CI: 0.234-0.330), baseline CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/µL (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.595-0.843) or undetected (OR=0.131, 95%CI: 0.080-0.213) were associated with a lower timeliness for ART among HIV/AIDS cases. Conclusion From 2016 to 2023, the timely rate of ART among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Wenzhou City showed an upward trend, which was mainly affected by marital status, case source, timeliness of the first CD4 cell test, and baseline CD4 cell count.

BACKGROUND: Without timely and effective rehabilitation, hearing loss may profoundly affect human life quality. China has a large population of hearing-impaired individuals, which imposes a heavy health burden on society. Moreover, this population is projected to increase rapidly owing to China's aging society. METHODS: We used data from a population-representative epidemiological investigation of hearing loss and ear diseases in four Chinese provinces. We estimated the national prevalence using multiple linear regression of the age-group proportions and prevalence in 31 provinces with clustering analysis. We used years lived with disability (YLDs) to analyze the disease burden and forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss by 2060 in China. RESULTS: An estimated 115 million people had moderate-to-complete hearing loss in 2015 across the 31 provinces of China (8.4% of 1.37 billion people). Of these, 85.7% were older than age 50 years (99 million people) and 2.4% were younger than 20 years old (2.8 million people). Of all YLDs attributable to hearing loss, 68.9% were attributable to moderate-to-complete cases. By 2060, a projected 242 million people in China will have moderate-to-complete hearing loss, a 110.0% increase from 2015. CONCLUSIONS The hearing loss prevalence in China is high. Population aging and socioeconomic factors substantially affect the prevalence and severity of hearing loss and the disease burden. The prevalence and severity of hearing loss are unevenly distributed across different provinces. Future public health policies should take these trends and regional variations into account.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Hearing Loss/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cost of Illness

In recent years,significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.In line with global advancements,two anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies have been approved and successfully launched in China for clinical use.Lecanemab and Donanemab were officially used in June 2024 and April 2025 in China,respectively.In order to standardize the rational and safe application of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer's disease in China,this article integrates recom-mendations from the clinical trials and real-world experience from the author's team and domestic peers to further update the recom-mendations for the clinical use of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody based on the 2024 version.It includes indications for therapy,pre-treatment evaluation and preparation,administration protocols and safety measures during treatment,and post-treatment monitor-ing strategies.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression level of absent in melanoma 2(AIM2)in serum and the severity of acute cerebral infarction(ACI),and to evaluate the value of AIM2 in predicting early neurological deterioration(END)after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase in ACI patients.Methods A total of 150 ACI patients were enrolled in ACI group,and an-other 30 healthy individuals physical examination were selected as control group.ACI patients were further divided into mild,moderate and severe groups according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score at admission,and they were also divided into END and non-END groups based on the occurrence of END after intravenous thrombolysis.Clinical materials of ACI patients were collected;the expression level of serum AIM2 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing END after intravenous thrombolysis in ACI patients;the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plot-ted to analyze the clinical performance of serum AIM2 expression level in predicting END after intravenous thrombolysis in ACI patients.Results The serum AIM2 expression level in the ACI group and the control group was(58.29±5.97)and(36.81±3.03)ng/mL respectively,with a significant be-tween-group difference(t=43.23,P＜0.05).The serum AIM2 expression level gradually in-creased in the mild,moderate and severe groups,with significant differences between each pair of groups(P＜0.01).The serum AIM2 expression level in ACI patients was positively correlated with the NIHSS score(r=0.941,P＜0.01).The NIHSS score,time from admission to thrombolysis,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),C-reactive protein,and AIM2 level in the END group were significantly higher or longer than those in the non-END group(P＜0.05).The results of mul-tivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score(OR=3.871,P＜0.001),time from admission to thrombolysis(OR=2.885,P=0.002),LDL-C(OR=3.118,P＜0.001)and AIM2(OR=3.761,P＜0.001)were influencing factors for END after intravenous thrombolysis in ACI patients.ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for predicting END after in-travenous thrombolysis based on the serum AIM2 expression level at admission in ACI patients was 0.911;when the cut-off value of AIM2 was 66.56 ng/mL,the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 91.23％and 90.15％,respectively.Conclusion The expression level of serum AIM2 is sig-nificantly increased in ACI patients,and AIM2 expression level has certain advantages in predicting END after intravenous thrombolysis in ACI patients.

Objective To investigate the positive nucleic acid detection of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Hangzhou.Methods The information of RSV nucleic acid positive cases detected in Hangzhou Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022 was collected and analyzed retrospectively by age,gender,detection time and other factors.Results A total of 22 755 samples were sent for examination,among which 4079 cases of RSV were reported,with a total positive detection rate of 17.93%,showing constant fluctuation of infection over the years.In terms of gender,the positive detection rate of RSV was 10.36%in boys and 7.57%in girls,and the ratio of male to female was 1.36:1,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of age,there were 2378 positive cases in infants<1 year old,accounting for 58.30%of all positive cases,and 94.93%in infants<3 years old.The positive detection rate of RSV in children of different age groups showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age.In terms of seasons,RSV occurred frequently in autumn and winter,and the detection rate in two seasons was 83.82%,while the detection rate in spring and summer was only 16.18%.The positive detection rate of RSV in autumn and winter was significantly higher than that in spring and summer(P<0.05).Conclusion RSV infection fluctuates in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Hangzhou over the years,and the incidence is high in autumn and winter.The positive detection rate is high in infants and boys.Attention should be paid to the protection of key populations in corresponding seasons.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of calcineurin(CDH)6 and CDH11 and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with early-onset severe preeclampsia(EOSP).Methods A total of 100 patients with EOSP admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 were se-lected as the EOSP group and 88 healthy pregnant women who underwent pregnancy test at the hospital dur-ing the same period were selected as the control group.The patients with EOSP were divided into the poor outcome group(61 patients)and the good outcome group(39 patients)according to the pregnancy outcome.Serum CDH6 and CDH11 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with EOSP,and receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum CDH6 and CDH11 levels for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with EOSP.Results Serum CDH6[223.78(172.58,664.76)ng/mL]and CDH11[3.36(3.09,4.55)ng/mL]levels were higher in the EOSP group than those in the control group[90.93(74.24,362.81)ng/mL]and[1.33(1.06,3.74)ng/mL],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in 100 EOSP patients was 61.00％(61/100).Serum CDH6[239.93(214.38,797.17)ng/mL]and CDH11[4.12(3.37,12.96)ng/mL]levels were higher in the poor outcome group than in the good outcome group[184.14(139.82,223.64)ng/mL]and[3.23(2.52,3.75)ng/mL],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Elevated urinary protein(OR=1.019,95％CI:1.000-1.037),CDH6(OR=1.003,95％CI:1.001-1.005),and CDH11(OR=3.477,95％CI:1.432-8.441)were independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pa-tients with EOSP(P＜0.05).The area under the curve of combined detection of serum CDH6 and CDH11 levels for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in EOSP patients was 0.864(95％CI:0.810-0.943),which was greater than 0.786(95％CI:0.692-0.861)and 0.790(95％CI:0.697-0.865)of serum CDH6 and CDH11 alone,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Elevated serum CDH6 and CDH11 levels in patients with EOSP are independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in pa-tients with EOSP,and the combined detection of serum CDH6 and CDH11 levels have a high predictive value for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with EOSP.