BACKGROUND: Without timely and effective rehabilitation, hearing loss may profoundly affect human life quality. China has a large population of hearing-impaired individuals, which imposes a heavy health burden on society. Moreover, this population is projected to increase rapidly owing to China's aging society. METHODS: We used data from a population-representative epidemiological investigation of hearing loss and ear diseases in four Chinese provinces. We estimated the national prevalence using multiple linear regression of the age-group proportions and prevalence in 31 provinces with clustering analysis. We used years lived with disability (YLDs) to analyze the disease burden and forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss by 2060 in China. RESULTS: An estimated 115 million people had moderate-to-complete hearing loss in 2015 across the 31 provinces of China (8.4% of 1.37 billion people). Of these, 85.7% were older than age 50 years (99 million people) and 2.4% were younger than 20 years old (2.8 million people). Of all YLDs attributable to hearing loss, 68.9% were attributable to moderate-to-complete cases. By 2060, a projected 242 million people in China will have moderate-to-complete hearing loss, a 110.0% increase from 2015. CONCLUSIONS The hearing loss prevalence in China is high. Population aging and socioeconomic factors substantially affect the prevalence and severity of hearing loss and the disease burden. The prevalence and severity of hearing loss are unevenly distributed across different provinces. Future public health policies should take these trends and regional variations into account.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Hearing Loss/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cost of Illness

Objective Wearable devices refer to a class of monitoring devices that can be tightly integrated with the human body and are designed to continuously monitor individual's activity without impeding or restricting the user's normal activities in the process. With the rapid advancement of chips, sensors, and artificial intelligence technologies, such devices have been widely used for patients with cardiovascular diseases who require continuous health monitoring. These patients require continuous monitoring of a number of physiological indicators to assess disease progression, treatment efficacy, and recovery in the early stages of the disease, during the treatment, and in the recovery period. Traditional monitoring methods require patients to see a doctor on a regular basis with the help of fixed devices and analysis by doctors, which not only increases the financial burden of patients, but also consumes medical resources and time. However, wearable devices can collect data in real time and transmit it directly to doctors via the network, thus providing an efficient and cost-effective monitoring solution for patients. In this paper, we will review the applications, advantages and challenges of wearable devices in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as well as the outlook for their future applications.

Objective To study the antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging kinetics of Chrysanthemi flos stems and leaves,and online screen the active components related to free radical scavenging.Methods Using DPPH method and ABTS method the antioxidant activity of extracts from Chrysanthemi flos stems and leaves was observed,and the effects of different influencing factors,such as drug concentration,reaction temperature and reaction time on free radical scavenging rate were compared,the half scavenging rate(IC50)was determined.The flavonoids,such as luteolin glucuronic acid,luteolin,and caffeic acid,phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,B,and C in the samples before and after the reaction were chosen as indexes,and their contents were determined by HPLC.Results The drug concentration,reaction temperature and reaction time could affect the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical and ABTS.The IC50 of DPPH and ABTS were 0.395 mg·mL-1 and 2.039 mg·mL-1 respectively.After reaction with DPPH and ABTS,the contents of the analytes above all decreased significantly,which suggested that,the components above might be the antioxidant components in Chrysanthemi flos stems and leaves.Conclusions Chrysanthemi flos Stems and leaves have good free radical scavenging activity.In this study,the kinetic characteristics of scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals in Chrysanthemi flos stems and leaves were preliminarily clarified,and the active components were found out.It provides an experimental basis for the future comprehensive development of Chrysanthemi flos stems and leaves.

Objective To explore the predictive value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) on autonomic nerve excitation in patients with valvular disease, so as to provide reference for the formulation of clinical intervention plans. Methods The clinical data of patients with valvular disease who received surgical treatment in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from August 28, 2020 to February 3, 2021 were prospectively collected. According to the standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) of the heart rate variability (HRV) of the long-range dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) 7 days before the operation, the patients were divided into three groups: a sympathetic dominant (SE) group (SDNN≤50 ms), a balance group (50 ms

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the malignant biological behavior of uveal melanoma (UM) and its possible mechanism.Methods:M23 cells were cultured in curcumin medium with different concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 80 μmol/L) for 48 hours, respectively.The morphological changes of cells were observed under an inverted microscope.The cell survival rate was detected by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method.The apoptosis, colony formation, migration and invasion of cells were detected by flow cytometry, plate clone formation experiment, cell scratch experiment and Transwell assay, respectively.The relative expressions of genes related to Wnt/β-catenin pathway, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Survivin and matrix metallo proteinase 9 ( MMP-9) mRNA in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The relative expressions of proteins related to Wnt/β-catenin pathway, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Survivin, MMP-9 and β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) and axis inhibition protein 2 (Axin2) proteins were detected by Western blot.Another 20 female BALB/c mice were selected and injected with M23 cell suspension under the subcutaneous fat pad in the left posterior abdomen to establish the in vivo M23 transplanted tumor model.The mice successfully modeled were randomly divided into model group, low-dose curcumin group, medium-dose curcumin group and high-dose curcumin group according to the random number table method, which was intraperitoneally injected with 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg curcumin physiological saline solution respectively.After a continuous injection for 30 days, the subcutaneous tumor was stripped and weighed.The animal experiment process followed the 3Rs principle of animal research and was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Hospital (No.2021MER-023). Results:The cell survival rate, the number of colony formation, the apoptosis rate, the cell invasion rate and the cell migration rate were (100.00±0.00)%, 128.67±9.18, (1.33±0.29)%, (89.76±4.57)% and 148.33±8.18 in 0 μmol/L curcumin group, (83.78±4.59)%, 100.33±8.73, (14.53±2.04)%, (65.43±3.70)% and 125.33±7.41 in 20 μmol/L curcumin group, (66.09±3.92)%, 58.67±6.55, (27.23±3.56)%, (34.83±2.19)% and 73.67±6.34 in 40 μmol/L curcumin group, and (47.16±3.63)%, 31.67±4.92, (44.73±4.36)%, (18.82±1.99)% and 45.67±5.31 in 80 μmol/L curcumin group.There were statistically significant differences in the survival rate, colony formation number, cell apoptosis rate, migration rate and invasion rate of M23 cells among the four groups ( F=125.321, 97.941, 72.516, 277.097, 139.006; all at P<0.001). With the increase of curcumin concentration, the cell survival rate, colony formation number, cell migration rate and cell invasion number decreased obviously, and the cell apoptosis rate increased obviously, and the pairwise comparisons showed significant differences (all at P<0.05). With the increase of curcumin concentration, the relative expression levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Survivin, MMP-9 mRNA and proteins, β-catenin and p-GSK-3β proteins decreased significantly, while the relative expression level of Axin2 protein increased significantly, showing significant differences in pairwise comparisons (all at P<0.05). The tumor tissue weight of mice decreased with the increase of curcumin dosage, and the pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and other malignant biological behaviors of UM M23 cells, inhibit tumor growth and promote cell apoptosis.Its mechanism may be related to blocking the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective : To study the preparation method of silane and bone morphogenetic protein⁃2 (BMP⁃2) on the nano⁃porous titanium surface and evaluate the osteogenic ability of the prepared surface. Methods : Silane and BMP⁃2 modified nano⁃porous titanium surfaces were constructed by alkali⁃heat treatment , silanization modification and BMP⁃2 grafting. Scanning electron microscopy , X ⁃ray photoelectron spectroscopy , infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle tests were used to characterize the changes of surface morphology , elements , functional groups and hydrophilicity during the preparation process. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the BMP⁃2 grafted on the surface. Cell activity test and cell fluorescence staining were used to analyze the ability to promote osteoblast adhesion and proliferation , and alkaline phosphatase activity was used to evaluate the ability to promote cell osteogenesis. Results : Material characterization results confirmed that silane and BMP⁃2 were successfully immobilized on the nano⁃porous titanium surface. Cell evaluation confirmed that the prepared surface not only significantly enhanced the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts , but also greatly enhanced the osteogenic ability of osteoblasts. Conclusion The constructed surface has better compatibility with osteoblasts and is expected to improve the osseointegration ability of titanium⁃based implants.

Accumulating epidemiological evidence shows that handgrip strength provides predictive potential in physical, mental, and reproductive health status. However, the associations between handgrip strength and semen characteristics have not been explored. We recruited 1382 eligible men at the Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank (Wuhan, China) who had their handgrip strength measured at recruitment and provided 6458 repeated semen specimens within a 6-month period. Semen characteristics, including semen volume, sperm motility parameters (immotility, nonprogressive motility, and progressive motility), and sperm concentration, were assessed. Mixed-effect models and restricted cubic spline functions were applied to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength with repeated measurements of semen characteristics. After adjusting for confounding factors, the mixed-effect models revealed that handgrip strength was positively associated with semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility, and total count (all P for trend < 0.05). Compared to men in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of handgrip strength had higher semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility, and total count, with measurements of 14.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.9%-23.2%), 19.5% (95% CI: 7.3%‒33.1%), 9.5% (95% CI: 3.4%‒15.9%), 8.8% (95% CI: 3.2%‒14.6%), and 36.4% (95% CI: 18.9%‒56.5%), respectively. These positive dose-response relationships were further confirmed in restricted cubic splines, where handgrip strength was modeled as a continuous variable. Handgrip strength, as an indicator of muscular function and strength, was positively associated with semen characteristics in a dose-dependent manner.
Male ; Humans ; Semen ; Sperm Motility ; Hand Strength ; Sperm Count ; Semen Analysis ; Spermatozoa ; China/epidemiology*

Objective: To investigate the incidence and treatment of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in Hubei Province. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 7 474 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in 62 hospitals in 15 cities (state) of Hubei Province in 2019 were collected in the form of network database. There were 4 749 males and 2 725 females. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 17 to 96 years). The hemoglobin value of the first time in hospital and the first day after operation was used as the criterion of preoperative anemia and postoperative anemia. Anemia was defined as male hemoglobin <120 g/L and female hemoglobin <110.0 g/L, mild anemia as 90 to normal, moderate anemia as 60 to <90 g/L, severe anemia as <60 g/L. The t test and χ² test were used for inter-group comparison. Results: The overall incidence of preoperative anemia was 38.60%(2 885/7 474), and the incidences of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 25.09%(1 875/7 474), 11.37%(850/7 474) and 2.14%(160/7 474), respectively. The overall incidence of postoperative anemia was 61.40%(4 589/7 474). The incidence of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 48.73%(3 642/7 474), 12.20%(912/7 474) and 0.47%(35/7 474), respectively. The proportion of preoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 26.86% (775/2 885), and the proportion of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 14.93% (685/4 589). The proportions of preoperative anemia patients in grade ⅢA, grade ⅢB, and grade ⅡA hospitals receiving treatment were 26.12% (649/2 485), 32.32% (85/263), and 29.93% (41/137), and the proportions of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment were 14.61% (592/4 052), 22.05% (73/331), and 9.71% (20/206). The proportion of intraoperative blood transfusion (16.74% (483/2 885) vs. 3.05% (140/4 589), χ²=434.555, P<0.01) and the incidence of postoperative complications (17.78% (513/2 885) vs. 14.08% (646/4 589), χ²=18.553, P<0.01) in the preoperative anemia group were higher than those in the non-anemia group, and the postoperative hospital stay in the preoperative anemia group was longer than that in the non-anemia group ((14.1±7.3) days vs. (13.3±6.2) days, t=5.202, P<0.01). Conclusions: The incidence of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms is high. Preoperative anemia can increase the demand for intraoperative blood transfusion and affect the short-term prognosis of patients. At present, the concept of standardized treatment of perioperative anemia among gastrointestinal surgeons in Hubei Province needs to be improved.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anemia/epidemiology* ; Blood Transfusion ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the value of combined detection of serum neurogranin (NG) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods:Ninety-seven patients with severe craniocerebral trauma from June 2018 to March 2020 in Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital were selected. According to the Glasgow outcome score (GOS), 97 patients were divided into good prognosis group (GOS>3 scores, 46 cases) and poor prognosis group (GOS ≤ 3 scores, 51 cases). The NG, HIF-1α, Glasgow coma score (GCS), acute physiology and chronic health status score Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) were compared between 2 groups. The independent risk factors of prognosis in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic efficacy of NG and HIF-1α on poor prognosis in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The correlation between serum NG, HIF-1α and APACHE Ⅱ in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma was analyzed by Pearson analysis.Results:The GCS in good prognosis group was significantly higher than that in poor prognosis group: (6.50 ± 1.74) scores vs. (4.76 ± 0.78) scores, the NG, HIF-1α and APACHE Ⅱwere significantly lower than those in poor prognosis group: (696.98 ± 158.96) ng/L vs. (875.92 ± 188.52) ng/L, (34.72 ± 13.98) μg/L vs. (51.29 ± 14.17) μg/L and (15.69 ± 3.45) scores vs. (22.58 ± 6.45) scores, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that the NG, HIF-1α, APACHEⅡ, GCS and type of craniocerebral trauma were independent risk factors on the prognosis in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma ( P<0.05 or<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the AUC of NG and HIF-1αNG and HIF-1α combined detection to assess the poor prognosis in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma was significantly higher than NG and HIF-1α alone detection (0.873 vs. 0.772 and 0.821, Z = 2.276 and 1.949, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that APACHE Ⅱ was positive correlation with serum NG and HIF-1α in severe craniocerebral trauma patients with poor or good prognosis ( r = 0.852 and 0.889, P<0.01; r = 0.717 and 0.851, P<0.01). Conclusions:The combined detection of serum NG and HIF-1α can be used as an evaluation index for the prognosis in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma, which helps to determine the severity of craniocerebral trauma and has great value for clinical diagnosis and treatment.