Objective To establish the fingerprints of Buyang Huanwu Decoction;To find the quality markers of Buyang Huanwu Decoction by integrating the total statistical moment method,factor analysis and chemical pattern recognition;To provide a reference for its quality control and evaluation methods.Methods Under the conditions of an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),the fingerprint chromatogram was developed.The fingerprints of 15 batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were established under the conditions of acetonitrile-0.4%phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase;the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min;column temperature was 40℃;detection wavelength was 235 nm.Information entropy,information quantity,total statistical moment and similarity parameters were calculated.The quality stability of different batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was evaluated from a macroscopic perspective;the samples were comprehensively ranked by combining factor analysis,and further screened for the components of quality difference by using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).Results Fingerprint patterns for 15 Buyang Huanwu Decoction batches were established.The information quantity,total zero-order moment and number of peaks varied greatly among the samples of each batch(RSD values of 32.788%,24.976%and 22.882%),whereas the information entropy,total first-order moment and second-order moment did not vary much(RSD values of 20.697%,18.544%and 9.413%),which indicated that the chemical constituents of each batch content was significantly different,and the composition ratio of components did not differ much.The overall statistical moments exhibited a similarity exceeding 0.727,in which the similarity of the two batches of samples,S2 and S7,was lower;the results of the composite scores from the factor analysis method showed that the top 5 samples of each batch of the quality ranking were S2>S7>S1>S15>S10;HCA and PCA could classify the 15 batches of samples into 2 categories;PLS-DA showed that paeoniflorin,ferulic acid and hydroxy saffron yellow pigment A were the three constituents that contributed more to the batch variation of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.Conclusion The multidimensional quality evaluation method integrated in this study is accurate,efficient and comprehensive,which can provide an objective basis for the overall quality control of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid after mutual substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle using total quantum statistical moment(TQSM)and molecular connectivity index(MCI).Methods UPLC fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid(wild honeysuckle)were established,the TQSM parameters and similarity of the fingerprint were calculated;by reviewing relevant literature,as well as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),chemical composition databases for Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was established,all components were divided into different component groups,and MCI and its similarity were calculated.Results The number of chromatographic peaks and total zero order moment(AUCT)of 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)were higher than those of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle),but there was no significant difference in total first order moment(MRTT)and total second order moment(VRTT);the total quantum statistical moment similarity(TQSMS)between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.824 6,the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.659 0,and the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.619 8.The MCI similarity of various components between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.984 9,with an overall MCI similarity of 0.995 8.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the various components and overall"imprinting template"between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle).It is speculated that the substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle will not affect the pharmacological properties of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid,but there may be differences in the intensity of pharmacological effects,with Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)being the most effective.

Objective To evaluate the quality of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid after mutual substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle using total quantum statistical moment(TQSM)and molecular connectivity index(MCI).Methods UPLC fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian oral liquid(wild honeysuckle)were established,the TQSM parameters and similarity of the fingerprint were calculated;by reviewing relevant literature,as well as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),chemical composition databases for Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was established,all components were divided into different component groups,and MCI and its similarity were calculated.Results The number of chromatographic peaks and total zero order moment(AUCT)of 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)were higher than those of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle),but there was no significant difference in total first order moment(MRTT)and total second order moment(VRTT);the total quantum statistical moment similarity(TQSMS)between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.824 6,the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.659 0,and the TQSMS between 15 batches of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.619 8.The MCI similarity of various components between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle)was 1.000 0-0.984 9,with an overall MCI similarity of 0.995 8.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the various components and overall"imprinting template"between Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)and Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(wild honeysuckle).It is speculated that the substitution of honeysuckle and wild honeysuckle will not affect the pharmacological properties of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid,but there may be differences in the intensity of pharmacological effects,with Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid(honeysuckle)being the most effective.

Objective To establish the fingerprints of Buyang Huanwu Decoction;To find the quality markers of Buyang Huanwu Decoction by integrating the total statistical moment method,factor analysis and chemical pattern recognition;To provide a reference for its quality control and evaluation methods.Methods Under the conditions of an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),the fingerprint chromatogram was developed.The fingerprints of 15 batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were established under the conditions of acetonitrile-0.4%phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase;the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min;column temperature was 40℃;detection wavelength was 235 nm.Information entropy,information quantity,total statistical moment and similarity parameters were calculated.The quality stability of different batches of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was evaluated from a macroscopic perspective;the samples were comprehensively ranked by combining factor analysis,and further screened for the components of quality difference by using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).Results Fingerprint patterns for 15 Buyang Huanwu Decoction batches were established.The information quantity,total zero-order moment and number of peaks varied greatly among the samples of each batch(RSD values of 32.788%,24.976%and 22.882%),whereas the information entropy,total first-order moment and second-order moment did not vary much(RSD values of 20.697%,18.544%and 9.413%),which indicated that the chemical constituents of each batch content was significantly different,and the composition ratio of components did not differ much.The overall statistical moments exhibited a similarity exceeding 0.727,in which the similarity of the two batches of samples,S2 and S7,was lower;the results of the composite scores from the factor analysis method showed that the top 5 samples of each batch of the quality ranking were S2>S7>S1>S15>S10;HCA and PCA could classify the 15 batches of samples into 2 categories;PLS-DA showed that paeoniflorin,ferulic acid and hydroxy saffron yellow pigment A were the three constituents that contributed more to the batch variation of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.Conclusion The multidimensional quality evaluation method integrated in this study is accurate,efficient and comprehensive,which can provide an objective basis for the overall quality control of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.

Poststroke recrudescence (PSR) is a reappear phenomenon in the neurological symptoms of chronic stroke in the setting of toxic metabolic factors. Infection, hyponatremia, and use of benzodiazepine are important precipitants. In this paper, the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment methods of PSR are reviewed to enhance the understanding of the disease among clinicians.

Objective:To summarize the methods and effects of utilizing the ilioinguinal flap in repairing the defect after the extended resection of the middle and lower abdominal wall or the groin region’s dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.Methods:From November 2011 to October 2018, nine patients (including five males) with the middle and lower abdominal wall or groin region’s dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans received extended resection procedures in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. The age distribution of patients was 27-60 years old with a mean age of 44.3 years old. The defect area following the extended resection of the tumor ranged from 9.5 cm × 10.5 cm to 15.0 cm × 18.0 cm, and the size of the ilioinguinal flap ranged from 6.0 cm × 11.0 cm to 8.0 cm × 15.0 cm. Either an axial flap or a V-Y advancement flap was used to repair the defect. Five patients were treated with the unilateral ilioinguinal flap, two with the bilateral ilioinguinal flap combination flap, one with the ilioinguinal flap combined with the tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap, and one with the ilioinguinal flap combined with the anterolateral thigh flap.Results:All defects were covered by flaps completely, and all donor sites were closed directly. Eight flaps survived completely without necrosis, while one case of ilioinguinal flap faced the distal necrosis, which was debrided and repaired with full-thickness skin grafting in the second stage. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1.0 to 8.5 years. No local recurrence or other distant metastases occurred. All reconstructed regions had a good outline and ordinary sense function.Conclusions:Almost all defects after the extended resection of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in the middle and lower abdominal wall or the groin region could be repaired with a unilateral or bilateral ilioinguinal flap, whose blood supply is stable and reliable. Moreover, the operation presented is simple, less time-consuming, safe, reliable, and with a satisfactory postoperative appearance.

Objective:To summarize the methods and effects of utilizing the ilioinguinal flap in repairing the defect after the extended resection of the middle and lower abdominal wall or the groin region’s dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.Methods:From November 2011 to October 2018, nine patients (including five males) with the middle and lower abdominal wall or groin region’s dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans received extended resection procedures in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. The age distribution of patients was 27-60 years old with a mean age of 44.3 years old. The defect area following the extended resection of the tumor ranged from 9.5 cm × 10.5 cm to 15.0 cm × 18.0 cm, and the size of the ilioinguinal flap ranged from 6.0 cm × 11.0 cm to 8.0 cm × 15.0 cm. Either an axial flap or a V-Y advancement flap was used to repair the defect. Five patients were treated with the unilateral ilioinguinal flap, two with the bilateral ilioinguinal flap combination flap, one with the ilioinguinal flap combined with the tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap, and one with the ilioinguinal flap combined with the anterolateral thigh flap.Results:All defects were covered by flaps completely, and all donor sites were closed directly. Eight flaps survived completely without necrosis, while one case of ilioinguinal flap faced the distal necrosis, which was debrided and repaired with full-thickness skin grafting in the second stage. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1.0 to 8.5 years. No local recurrence or other distant metastases occurred. All reconstructed regions had a good outline and ordinary sense function.Conclusions:Almost all defects after the extended resection of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in the middle and lower abdominal wall or the groin region could be repaired with a unilateral or bilateral ilioinguinal flap, whose blood supply is stable and reliable. Moreover, the operation presented is simple, less time-consuming, safe, reliable, and with a satisfactory postoperative appearance.

Objective:To study the effect of lifestyle intervention and Irbesartan intervention on vascular endothelial function in elderly people with prehypertension.Methods:Seventy elderly people with prehypertension were randomly divided into the lifestyle intervention group and the Irbesartan intervention group.After one year of intervention, the level of cyclic endothelial microparticles(EMPs)and brachial-ankle pulse wave conduction velocity(baPWV)before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:There were significant differences in levels of circulating EMPs[(1 946±234)/μl vs.(1 745±416)/μl, t=2.530, P=0.011]and baPWV[(1 653±172)cm/s vs.(1 511±230)cm/s, t=2.448, P=0.017]before and after one year of lifestyle intervention.There were also significant differences in levels of circulating EMPs[(19 507±146)/μl vs.(1 446±286)/μl, t=3.340, P=0.002]and baPWV[(1 639±165)cm/s vs.(1 361±211)cm/s, t=3.156, P=0.005]before and after one year of Irbesartan intervention and between the lifestyle intervention group and the Irbesartan intervention group after one year( t=2.238 and 2.475, P<0.05). Conclusions:Lifestyle intervention and Irbesartan intervention have protective effects on vascular endothelial function and delay the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in elderly people with prehypertension, and irbesartan intervention is more effective than lifestyle intervention.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common causes of visual impairment and blindness in diabetic patients.It is particularly important to set up simpler,safer,non-invasive and highly effective methods for diagnosis as well as monitoring DR.A variety of new fundus imaging techniques show great advantages in early diagnosis,treatment and monitoring of DR in recent years,The main characteristics of wide-field scanning laser imaging system is achieving a large range of retinal image in a single photograph and without mydriasis.It provides several options for color images,FFA and FAF,which satisfy to detect the retina,choroid and vascular structure.Multi spectral fundus imaging system is suitable for DR screening,because it is able to recognize the typical characteristics of DR,such as microaneurysms,hemorrhage and exudation,and is non-invasive and convenient.OCT angiography is a quantitative examination that provides foveal avascular zone area,macular blood flow density,which provides strong evidence for DR diagnosis.The improvement of these new techniques will help us to build up a personalized evaluation system of DR.

Objective To explore the apphcation of the integrated teaching method of PBL and TBL based on cases in pharmacology teaching.Method Ninety-two students majored in Pharmaceutical Preparations were selected into the control group,and 184 students majored in pharmacy were enrolled into the experimental group.The teaching effect was comprehensively evaluated by using the combination of theoretical examination and student feedback.Results In the experimental group,the average score of students in Pharmacology (73.68 ± 9.40) was significantly higher than that of the control group (67.34 ± 7.18),and the feedback of the students in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group.Conclusion Compared with the traditional teaching method,the integrated teaching method can significantly improve the students' theoretical examination results and students' learning interest.