Exploring the variability of the intestinal flora of patients with hepatic blastocysticercosis and searching for members of the intestinal microflora that may play a role in the disease process by means of macro-genome sequencing technology. A case-control study was used to include fecal samples from patients with hepatic vesicular schistosomiasis admitted to Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital between October 2023 and January 2024 and individuals attending health checkups. The experimental group (AE group) consisted of 10 patients with liver vesicular schistosomiasis and the control group (NC group) consisted of 9 individuals attending health checkups. Macrogenomic sequencing was performed on these two groups of samples using the Illumina Novaseq 6000 sequencing platform, using fastp (v0.20.1) to remove junctions, and bbmap (v38.93-0) to remove the hosted sequences, followed by sequence splicing using MEGAHIT (v1.2.9), and then using prodigal (v2.6.3) to The spliced scaffold was subjected to ORF prediction and translated into amino acid sequences, followed by the construction of a non-redundant gene set using MMSeqs2 (v13.45111), and finally compared with the non-redundant gene set using salmon (v1.8.0). Species were annotated by the non-redundant database, species abundance was calculated in each sample, and the two sets were tested using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Finally, the differences in intestinal flora between the two groups were statistically analyzed using linear discriminant analysis, and the correlation between the differential intestinal flora and clinical indicators was analyzed using redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that the effective data volume of each sample was distributed from 10.41 to 12.46 G. The number of ORFs in the de-redundantly constructed gene catalogue (non-redundant gene set) was 4 951 408, and the annotation rate of the non-redundant genes was 97.97% when compared with the NR database. The ages of the study subjects in the two groups were (44.78±4.58) years in the NC group and (42.90±10.44) years in the AE group, and the difference was not statistically significant ( t=0.530, P=0.476). The two groups were matched for body mass index (BMI) ( t=2.368, P=0.142), gender ( χ2=0.200, P=0.655), and dietary habits. There was no statistically significant difference in alpha diversity in the AE group (ACE index, t=0.942; chao1 index, t=0.947; shannon index, t=0.813, the simpson′s index, t=0.613, P>0.05), while beta diversity analysis showed significant differences in the overall structure of the two communities (Stress=0.054 5). A total of 120 species were annotated at the phylum level, of which two differed. While 1 736 species were annotated at the genus level, 69 were different, and 309 were different at the species level. The AE group ranked the top 6 in terms of abundance of Anaplasma, Escherichiaceae, Clostridium, Alternaria, Ruminalia, and Treponema spp. at the genus level; whereas, Segatella, Prevotella, E. faecalis, Rossella, and beneficial rod-shaped bacteria were more abundant in the NC group. There were differences in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora between the two groups, and the structure of community composition was significantly different. Statistical results by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed that LDA scores >2 in the NC group included beneficial bacillus spp. and E. faecalis spp. in young infants, etc. LDA scores >2 in the AE group at the mid-species level included Clostridium polterococcus, unknown microorganisms in the genus Clostridium intestinalis, Hathaway′s Henkett′s bacillus, and Clostridium oryzae in the genus Clostridium refractory to culture and small Clostridium spp. in the AE group. Clostridium intestinalis. The RDA results showed a negative correlation between beneficial rod genera and liver function indices, and a positive correlation between Clostridium intestinalis genera and liver function indices. In conclusion, patients with hepatic blastomycosis have altered intestinal flora abundance and diversity, with significant structural changes in community composition and differences in several genera, including Mycobacterium anisopliae and Clostridium intestinalis, and imbalances in the intestinal flora may affect hepatic function by influencing intestinal metabolites and may have an impact on the development of hepatic blastomycosis, a finding that warrants further in-depth study.

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic erosive joint inflammation as the main clinical manifestation of autoimmune disease.Currently,commonly used laboratory diagnostic indicators include rheumatoid factor(RF),anti-citrullinated protein antibody(ACPA),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP),etc.Among them,ACPA can be found in patients'serum at an early stage and has a higher diagnostic value.However,nearly one-third of RA patients are still ACPA-negative,and there is a lack of effective diagnostic markers.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore new biomarkers for the diagnosis of serum ACPA-negative RA patients and their clinical application value for early diagnosis and treatment.In recent years,there has been an increasing number of studies on diagnostic markers for ACPA-negative RA,mainly in the areas of proteomics,immune mechanisms,genetic inheritance and autoantibody production,and a number of new autoantibodies and proteins with relative specificity have been identified.This article reviews the value of the clinical application of these new autoantibodies and proteins in the diagnosis of ACPA-negative RA and their outlook,thus providing some reference value for the early diagnosis of the disease.

Objective: To investigate the expression of ribosomal protein L26 ( RPL26) in gastric cancer cells (GC) and its effect on cell apoptosis and proliferation . Methods: The expression of RPL26 in GES-1 and GC cell lines was detected by Western blot. GC cell line HGC-27 was used to construct RPL26 overexpression cell line , and GC cell lines HGC-27 and AGS cells were used to construct RPL26 knockdown cell line . The overexpression and knockdown efficiency of RPL26 were detected by Western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) , colony formation assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of the overexpression and knockdown of RPL26 on the pro- liferation and migration of GC cells . Western blot was used to detect the expression of Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway related factors PI3K , AKT , phosphorylated phosphatidylinosi- tol-3-kinase (p-PI3K) , phosphorylated protein kinase B ( p-AKT) and downstream factors B-Cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) , Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and Cyclin A , G1 /S-specific Cyclin D1(Cyclin D1) , Cyclin-depend- ent kinases (CDK)4 and CDK2 in overexpression and knockdown of RPL26 stably transfected cell lines . Results: Compared with GES-1 , RPL26 was highly expressed in HGC-27 cells ( tHGC-27 = 4. 97 ; P < 0. 01) and elevated in AGS , but the difference was not statistically significant. In HGC-27 and AGS cells , CCK-8 and colony formation assays showed that the proliferation ability of cells decreased after the knockdown of RPL26. Transwell assay showed that the migration ability of cells decreased after the knockdown of RPL26. Western blot showed that Bcl-2 expression was decreased in HGC-27 , AGS cells after the knockdown of RPL26 ( tHGC-27 = 11 . 50 , tAGS = 4. 77 ; P < 0. 001 , P < 0. 01) , and Bax expression increased ( tHGC-27 = 9. 63 , tAGS = 4. 05 ; P < 0. 001 , P < 0. 05) . In HGC-27 cells , the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT significantly decreased after the knockdown of RPL26 ( tp-PI3K/PI3K = 3 . 86 , tp-AKT/AKT = 8. 29 ; P < 0. 05 , P < 0. 01) . Cyclin A , Cyclin D1 , CDK4 , CDK2 protein expressions de- creased ( t = 9. 61 , 5 . 10 , 11 . 64 , 7. 81 ; P < 0. 01 or P < 0. 001) , while the overexpression of RPL26 in HGC-27 cells showed the opposite trend . Conclusion The knockdown of RPL26 may arrest the cell cycle in G1 /S phase by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway , thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis .

Point-of-care testing(POCT)has the characteristics of simple operation,low price,rapid detec-tion,no need for a fixed testing site,can be carried out next to the patient,and high applicability to operators and testing conditions.In recent years,POCT technology has been widely used in the medical field and has demonstrated certain clinical value,such as its application in disease screening,diagnosis,treatment monito-ring,and prognosis evaluation.The occurrence,spread and prevalence of infectious diseases in high-altitude ar-eas often have its particularity due to the special geographical,climatic and humanistic environment.Rapid and accurate detection of infectious diseases is not only an important part of the public health security system,but also crucial to the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks.This article discusses the characteris-tics of infectious diseases in high-altitude areas and the application of POCT technology in detection.

This review summarizes recent advances in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.Through literature search in PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI databases from 2020 to 2023,we systematically analyzed the mechanisms,clinical applications,and bio-marker research.Programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitors combined with chemotherapy significantly improve patient outcomes,while mi-crosatellite instability(MSI),programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression,and tumor mutational burden(TMB)have been identified as important predictive biomarkers.Multi-omics analysis shows great potential in identifying optimal responders,with pyroptosis-related gene scoring system(PRS)positively correlating with anti-tumor immune infiltration.Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment play key roles in immune evasion,while emerging targets such as Claudin 18.2 and combination targeting strategies further enhance therapeutic efficacy.Despite significant progress,precise patient selection and overcoming resistance mechan-isms remain major challenges.Future research should focus on biomarker validation,personalized treatment strategy development,tumor microenvironment dynamic analysis,and novel combination therapy exploration to improve clinical outcomes.

Objective To investigate the current status of hypertension in the old adults living in urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau and analyze the related influencing factors in order to provide data and evidence for targeted formulation of preventive and control measures for the pop-ulation.Methods Cluster-random sampling was used to subject 1372 elderly people(aged ≥60 years)from 8 urban areas and 25 natural villages in Xining City,Qinghai Province.Questionnaires were used to collect their demographic data,body mass index(BMI),history of chronic diseases,and lipid-related indicators.According to complicated with hypertension or not,they were divided into a hypertension group(615 cases)and a non-hypertension group(757 cases).SPSS 26.0 soft-ware was employed to perform statistical analyses with descriptive analysis and multivarlate un-conditional logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 1372 elderly persons,615 participants had hypertension,and the overall prevalence was 44.8％,and that in urban area and rural area was 50.1％and 38.5％,respectively,with significant difference(P＜0.01).Statistical differences were observed between those with and without hypertension in terms of age,BMI,and proportions of coronary heart disease(CHD),diabetes and stroke(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In the urban populations,there were obvious differences in marital status,BMI,and proportions of CHD and diabetes be-tween those with and without hypertension(P＜0.01).For the rural populations,notable differ-ences were observed in age and proportions of CHD and diabetes between those with and without hypertension(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that urban areas,obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in the elderly living in the urban and rural areas(OR=1.622,95％CI:1.299-2.026,P=0.000;OR=0.564,95％CI:0.315-1.006,P=0.042;OR=0.604,95％CI:0.417-0.874,P=0.008;OR=0.472,95％CI:0.328-0.678,P=0.000;OR=0.474,95％CI:0.334-0.673,P=0.000).Obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in those in the urban areas(OR=0.553,95％CI:0.317-0.963,P=0.036;OR=0.506,95％CI:0.320-0.800,P=0.004;OR=0.458,95％CI:0.303-0.692,P=0.000),and CHD and diabetes were risk factors in those in the rural areas(OR=0.382,95％CI:0.219-0.666,P=0.001;OR=0.452,95％CI:0.253-0.807,P=0.007).Conclusion There is sig-nificant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the elderly living in the urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau.The old adults with overweight,obesity,and complication of CHD and diabetes are prone to developing hypertension.

Objective:To investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic effect of ethyl alcohol extract of Moutan Cortex (EAEMC) on Candida tropicalis and its effect on virulence factors, including aspartic protease, hemolysin, phospholipase, esterase, lipase activities and biofilm. Methods:EAEMC powder was obtained by ultrasonic extraction, decompression concentration and lyophilization; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EAEMC on 21 clinical strains and one standard strain of Candida tropicalis were determined by microdilution. Five extracellular enzyme activities of Candida tropicalis and the effect of EAEMC on them were detected by the plate assay, and the results were analyzed by ANOVA. The biofilm model of Candida tropicalis was constructed in vitro, and the inhibition rate of EAEMC on Candida tropicalis biofilm was evaluated using the thiazolyl blue (MTT) method. Results:The MIC of EAEMC against Candida tropicalis BNCC335988 was 12.5 g/L and the MBC value was 25 g/L, while for the clinical strains, the MIC was 12.5-25 g/L and the MBC was 25-50 g/L. Aspartic protease, esterase and hemolytic activities of Candida tropicalis were positive, but phospholipase and lipase showed negative activities. At a concentration of 1/2 MIC of EAEMC, the aspartic protease and hemolytic activities of Candida tropicalis were completely inhibited the aspartic protease and hemolytic activities of Candida tropicalis were completely inhibited and the esterase activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of MIC of EAEMC. The inhibition of Candida tropicalis BNCC335988 biofilm by EAEMC reached more than 70% at a concentration of 2MIC, more than 80% at a concentration of 4MIC, and more than 90% at a concentration of 8MIC. Conclusion:EAEMC can achieve bacteriostatic effects by reducing the aspartic protease, esterase and hemolysin activities of Candida tropicalis, as well as inhibiting biofilm formation.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the subjective well-being of elderly individuals and improve the accuracy of well-being predictions.Methods:A multi-stage stratified sampling method was conducted in Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from August 2019 to October 2020. The health status and subjective well-being of older adults were assessed using a self-administered multidimensional health questionnaire, while overall well-being was evaluated with a single-item 5-point scale. The statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 4.3.2), with analytical methods including χ2 tests, univariate analysis, quantile regression and random forest model. Results:A total of 2 620 participants were recruited, and 70.9% of whom reported feeling happy.The depression symptom score of the elderly was 3.00(1.00, 6.00), emotional status score was (28.26±4.14), activities of daily living (ADL) score was 69.00(52.00, 81.00), and the body mass index(BMI) was (22.68±3.81)kg/m 2.The quantile regression results indicated that marital status (married)(Q 10: β=0.049; Q 50: β=0.014; Q 90: β=0.005) and depressive symptoms (no depression, depressive tendency)(Q 10: β=1.000; Q 50: β=1.000; Q 90: β=0.025) had varying effects on older adults' subjective well-being across three quantiles (Q 10, Q 50, Q 90)(all P<0.05). In contrast, social activity (no social activity)(Q 10: β=-0.072; Q 50: β=-0.011; Q 90: β=-0.006), ADL (severe disability, moderate disability, mild disability)(Q 10: β=-0.103, Q 50: β=-0.006, Q 90: β=-0.048; Q 10: β=-0.063, Q 50: β=-0.012, Q 90: β=-0.005; Q 10: β=-0.078, Q 50: β=-0.016, Q 90: β=-0.009), and emotional status (poor emotion, fair emotion)(Q 10: β=-0.261, Q 50: β=-0.009, Q 90: β=-0.025; Q 10: β=-0.140, Q 50: β=-0.017, Q 90: β=-0.029) had a negative impact on elderly subjective well-being at the three quantile points(all P<0.05). Random forest results indicated that depressive symptoms, ADL, emotional status, household monthly income per capita, BMI, social activity, multimorbidity status, and marital status were the most important determinants of subjective well-being. Conclusion:Depressive symptoms and emotional status have a significant impact on the subjective well-being of older adults. Additionally, ADL, household income per capita, BMI, and social engagement also play important roles in influencing well-being, while the emotional support provided by marriage should not be overlooked.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the subjective well-being of elderly individuals and improve the accuracy of well-being predictions.Methods:A multi-stage stratified sampling method was conducted in Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from August 2019 to October 2020. The health status and subjective well-being of older adults were assessed using a self-administered multidimensional health questionnaire, while overall well-being was evaluated with a single-item 5-point scale. The statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 4.3.2), with analytical methods including χ2 tests, univariate analysis, quantile regression and random forest model. Results:A total of 2 620 participants were recruited, and 70.9% of whom reported feeling happy.The depression symptom score of the elderly was 3.00(1.00, 6.00), emotional status score was (28.26±4.14), activities of daily living (ADL) score was 69.00(52.00, 81.00), and the body mass index(BMI) was (22.68±3.81)kg/m 2.The quantile regression results indicated that marital status (married)(Q 10: β=0.049; Q 50: β=0.014; Q 90: β=0.005) and depressive symptoms (no depression, depressive tendency)(Q 10: β=1.000; Q 50: β=1.000; Q 90: β=0.025) had varying effects on older adults' subjective well-being across three quantiles (Q 10, Q 50, Q 90)(all P<0.05). In contrast, social activity (no social activity)(Q 10: β=-0.072; Q 50: β=-0.011; Q 90: β=-0.006), ADL (severe disability, moderate disability, mild disability)(Q 10: β=-0.103, Q 50: β=-0.006, Q 90: β=-0.048; Q 10: β=-0.063, Q 50: β=-0.012, Q 90: β=-0.005; Q 10: β=-0.078, Q 50: β=-0.016, Q 90: β=-0.009), and emotional status (poor emotion, fair emotion)(Q 10: β=-0.261, Q 50: β=-0.009, Q 90: β=-0.025; Q 10: β=-0.140, Q 50: β=-0.017, Q 90: β=-0.029) had a negative impact on elderly subjective well-being at the three quantile points(all P<0.05). Random forest results indicated that depressive symptoms, ADL, emotional status, household monthly income per capita, BMI, social activity, multimorbidity status, and marital status were the most important determinants of subjective well-being. Conclusion:Depressive symptoms and emotional status have a significant impact on the subjective well-being of older adults. Additionally, ADL, household income per capita, BMI, and social engagement also play important roles in influencing well-being, while the emotional support provided by marriage should not be overlooked.

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic erosive joint inflammation as the main clinical manifestation of autoimmune disease.Currently,commonly used laboratory diagnostic indicators include rheumatoid factor(RF),anti-citrullinated protein antibody(ACPA),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP),etc.Among them,ACPA can be found in patients'serum at an early stage and has a higher diagnostic value.However,nearly one-third of RA patients are still ACPA-negative,and there is a lack of effective diagnostic markers.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore new biomarkers for the diagnosis of serum ACPA-negative RA patients and their clinical application value for early diagnosis and treatment.In recent years,there has been an increasing number of studies on diagnostic markers for ACPA-negative RA,mainly in the areas of proteomics,immune mechanisms,genetic inheritance and autoantibody production,and a number of new autoantibodies and proteins with relative specificity have been identified.This article reviews the value of the clinical application of these new autoantibodies and proteins in the diagnosis of ACPA-negative RA and their outlook,thus providing some reference value for the early diagnosis of the disease.