Objective:To observe the effects of shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)on neurological function and cerebral hemodynamics in patients with poststroke depression(PSD).Methods:A total of 90 PSD patients were divided into a Western medication group and a shallow needling group using the random number table,with 45 cases in each group.The Western medication group was treated with oral paroxetine tablets.The shallow needling group was treated with shallow needling at Baihui(GV20).The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks.After treatment,the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.The scores of Hamilton depression scale-24(HAMD-24)and National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS),the cerebral hemodynamic changes,and the adverse reactions were observed.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 88.9%in the Western medication group and 84.4%in the shallow needling group;the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,the scores of HAMD-24 and NIHSS in both groups decreased(P<0.05).The difference in the HAMD-24 score between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The NIHSS score in the shallow needling group was lower than that in the Western medication group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the blood flow resistance index of the left middle cerebral artery(LMCA),right middle cerebral artery(RMCA),and basilar artery(BA)in the Western medication group compared to those before treatment.The blood flow resistance index of LMCA,RMCA,and BA in the shallow needling group was lower than that before treatment(P<0.05),and was significantly lower compared to the Western medication group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the shallow needling group was significantly lower than that in the Western medication group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The curative effect of shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)in the treatment of PSD is equivalent to that of oral paroxetine tablets.However,shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)is more effective in improving neurological function and cerebral perfusion,and the incidence of adverse reactions is lower.

Objective:To observe the effects of shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)on neurological function and cerebral hemodynamics in patients with poststroke depression(PSD).Methods:A total of 90 PSD patients were divided into a Western medication group and a shallow needling group using the random number table,with 45 cases in each group.The Western medication group was treated with oral paroxetine tablets.The shallow needling group was treated with shallow needling at Baihui(GV20).The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks.After treatment,the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.The scores of Hamilton depression scale-24(HAMD-24)and National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS),the cerebral hemodynamic changes,and the adverse reactions were observed.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 88.9%in the Western medication group and 84.4%in the shallow needling group;the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,the scores of HAMD-24 and NIHSS in both groups decreased(P<0.05).The difference in the HAMD-24 score between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The NIHSS score in the shallow needling group was lower than that in the Western medication group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,there were no significant differences in the blood flow resistance index of the left middle cerebral artery(LMCA),right middle cerebral artery(RMCA),and basilar artery(BA)in the Western medication group compared to those before treatment.The blood flow resistance index of LMCA,RMCA,and BA in the shallow needling group was lower than that before treatment(P<0.05),and was significantly lower compared to the Western medication group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the shallow needling group was significantly lower than that in the Western medication group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The curative effect of shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)in the treatment of PSD is equivalent to that of oral paroxetine tablets.However,shallow needling at Baihui(GV20)is more effective in improving neurological function and cerebral perfusion,and the incidence of adverse reactions is lower.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and medication options of patients with elderly-onset epilepsy and influencing factors for medication efficacy.Methods:A total of 213 patients with elderly-onset epilepsy (age of onset≥65 years) were selected from Epilepsy Outpatient, Department of Neurology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from February 1999 to March 2023. General data, imaging findings and follow-up results of these patients were collected. Seizure frequencies and types, medication types, and medication efficacy were analyzed retrospectively. According to medication efficacy, these patients were divided into effective anti-seizure medications (ASMs) group and ineffective ASMs group (effective ASMs was defined as having no seizures or seizure reduction>50% at 6 months after medication, and ineffective ASMs as having seizure reduction≤50% or seizure increase. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the influencing factor for ASMs efficacy.Results:In these 213 patients with elderly-onset epilepsy, 143 (67.1%) were males and 70 (32.9%) were females. Onset age was 70.0 (67.0, 74.5) years, with duration of 12 (4, 32) months. Time from first onset to treatment was 2.0 (1.0, 10.5) months, with that<2 months enjoying the largest proportion ( n=101). MRI/CT in 102 patients indicated potential epileptogenic abnormal structures, such as post-stroke gliosis/encephalomalacia ( n=67) and post-traumatic gliosis/encephalomalacia ( n=13). MRI/CT in 78 patients indicated non-epileptogenic abnormal structures, such as ischemic changes of small and medium vessels ( n=51) and brain atrophy ( n=15). Structural change was the most common cause ( n=160). Sixty-nine patients (32.4%) did not take medicine and 144 (67.6%) took medicine at the visiting; sodium valproate was mostly used ( n=74), followed by levetiracetam ( n=35) and carbamazepine ( n=24). Five patients had sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam, and 4 patients had sodium valproate combined with carbamazepine. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that disease duration and medication combination were independent influencing factors for ASMs efficacy. Conclusion:Structural change is the main cause for elderly-onset epilepsy; medication efficacy is worse in patients with longer disease course and medication combination therapy.

Objective: Sialidosis type 2 has variants that are both catalytically inactive (severe), while sialidosis type 1 has at least one catalytically active (mild) variant. This study aimed to discuss the structural changes associated with these variants in a newly reported family carrying N-acetyl-α-neuraminidase-1 (NEU1) variants and explore the clinical characteristics of different combinations of variants in sialidosis type 1. Methods: First, whole-exome sequencing and detailed clinical examinations were performed on the family. Second, structural analyses, including assessments of energy, flexibility and polar contacts, were conducted for several NEU1 variants, and a sialidase activity assay was performed. Third, previous NEU1 variants were systematically reviewed, and the clinical characteristics of patients in the severe-mild and mild-mild groups with sialidosis type 1 were analyzed. Results: We report a novel family with sialidosis type 1 and the compound heterozygous variants S182G and V143E. The newly identified V143E variant was predicted to be a mild variant through structural analysis and was confirmed by a sialidase activity assay. Cherry-red spots were more prevalent in the severe-mild group, and ataxia was more common in the mild-mild group. Impaired cognition was found only in the severe-mild group. Moreover, patients with cherry-red spots and abnormal electroencephalographies and visual evoked potentials had a relatively early age of onset, whereas patients with myoclonus had a late onset. Conclusion Changes in flexibility and local polar contacts may be indicators of NEU1 pathogenicity. Sialidosis type 1 can be divided into two subgroups according to the variant combinations, and patients with these two subtypes have different clinical characteristics.

Objective:To study the effects of early intervention on physical and neurological development of premature infants.Methods:One hundred and fifty-two premature infants born in Pan′an County Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center from January 2017 to June 2018 were randomly selected. According to parents′ wishes, 75 cases received regular systematic health care and parenting guidance(control group), and 77 cases received targeted intervention guidance and individualized training on the basis of the control group(intervention group). The results of mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor Development index(PDI) were evaluated at 6 and 12 months respectively.Results:Six and 12 months after treatment, the MDI scores of the intervention group were significant higher than those of the control group [(94.2 ± 5.2) scores vs. (85.3 ± 6.1) scores, (104.9 ± 3.9) scores vs. (91.7 ± 5.7) scores], the PDI scores of the intervention group were also significant higher than those of control group [93.7 ± 4.3) scores vs. (81.7 ± 5.5) scores, (96.9 ± 3.8) scores vs. (83.9 ± 4.6) scores], and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Results:Early comprehensive intervention for premature infants has a good effect on their intelligence and motor ability development, which is worthy of clinical application.