Palmitoylation, an essential covalent attachment of a fatty acid (usually C16 palmitate) to cysteine residues within proteins, is crucial for regulating protein functionality and enzymatic activities. This lipid modification facilitates the anchoring of proteins to cellular membranes, dictating their subcellular distribution and influencing protein transport dynamics and intracellular positioning. Additionally, it plays a role in regulating protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Palmitoylation is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases by modulating substrates and prompting additional post-translational modifications, as well as by interacting with other molecular alterations. Moreover, an intervention strategy focusing on palmitoylation processes is anticipated to offer novel therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular pathologies and address extant challenges in clinical settings. This review consolidates current research on the role and importance of palmitoylation in cardiovascular diseases by exploring its regulatory functions, the catalyzing enzymes, and the involved substrates. It highlights recent discoveries connecting palmitoylation-targeted therapies to cardiovascular health and examines potential approaches and future challenges in cardiovascular treatment.

Against the backdrop of the in-depth advancement of the integration of medical treatment and disease prevention strategy and the increasingly prominent challenges in public health emergency response,it is urgently necessary to build a modern health emergency management system featuring"medical and preventive collaboration and integration".By sorting out the concept,component elements and functional positioning of the emergency management system in public hospitals,it explores the basic framework and key links of the emergency management system in public hospitals,and ensures the effective implementation of the system through multi-dimensional collaborative efforts.

Objective To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood CD14+CD16+monocytes and IgG N-glycosyl levels and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods A total of 109 SLE patients admitted to Xingtai Cental Hospital from August 2021 to November 2024 were retrospectively selected as the study objects.According to SLE disease activity index(SLE-DAI),the patients were divided into active group(n=52)and stable group(n=57).In addition,56 patients who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Clinical data of patients were collected,CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometry(FCM),and IgG N-glycosyl levels were detected by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of SLE-DAI,and multicollinearity test[variance inflation factor(VIF)]was performed for independent variables.The prediction model of disease activity was constructed.The effectiveness of the predictive model was evaluated by describing the recviver operator characteristic(ROC)curve and calculating the area under the curve(AUC)value.Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test predicted the calibration degree of the model.Results The levels of WBC,Hb,PLT,ALB,complement C3 and complement C4 in control group were higher than those in SLE group(t=8.917～22.171),and the levels of CRP were lower than those in SLE group(t=-17.359),with differences were statistical significance(all P<0.05).The CRP level and the proportion of CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells in the active group were higher than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.449,11.112,all P<0.05).The IgG glycosylation characteristics of galactosylation,sialylation and N-acetylglucosamine modification were lower than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistical significance(Z=-2.432～-0.158,all P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes was significantly negatively correlated with IgG galactosylation,sialylation level and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification(r=-0.656,-0.531,-0.608,all P<0.01).CD14+CD16+monocyte ratio was positively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=0.581,all P<0.01).IgG galactosylation,sialylation levels and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification were negatively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=-0.645,-0.609,-0.503,all P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP>8.21mg/L,CD14+CD16+≥16.17%,sialylation<22.05%and isotropic N-acetylglucosamine modification<16.53%were independent risk factors for disease activity in SLE patients(Wald χ2=4.471～12.811,all P<0.05).The VIF values of the above independent variables were all less than 10.By establishing the Logistic regression prediction model and drawing the ROC curve,the AUC value for diagnosing SLE disease activity was 0.821(95%CI:0.733～0.905),the sensitivity,specificity and the Yodon index were 85.37%,75.67%,0.677,respectively.and the P values of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test models were 0.568,respectively.Conclusion The proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes in peripheral blood of SLE patients increase significantly,and the level of IgG glycosylation characteristics decrease,both of which are correlated with SLE-DIA.The predictive model constructed based on the two had a good ability to distinguish SLE-DIA from inactive state,with high sensitivity and moderate specificity conducive to early clinical recognition,and the model fitting effect is good.SLE-DIA can be evaluated more accurately.

Objective To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood CD14+CD16+monocytes and IgG N-glycosyl levels and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods A total of 109 SLE patients admitted to Xingtai Cental Hospital from August 2021 to November 2024 were retrospectively selected as the study objects.According to SLE disease activity index(SLE-DAI),the patients were divided into active group(n=52)and stable group(n=57).In addition,56 patients who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Clinical data of patients were collected,CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometry(FCM),and IgG N-glycosyl levels were detected by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of SLE-DAI,and multicollinearity test[variance inflation factor(VIF)]was performed for independent variables.The prediction model of disease activity was constructed.The effectiveness of the predictive model was evaluated by describing the recviver operator characteristic(ROC)curve and calculating the area under the curve(AUC)value.Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test predicted the calibration degree of the model.Results The levels of WBC,Hb,PLT,ALB,complement C3 and complement C4 in control group were higher than those in SLE group(t=8.917～22.171),and the levels of CRP were lower than those in SLE group(t=-17.359),with differences were statistical significance(all P<0.05).The CRP level and the proportion of CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells in the active group were higher than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.449,11.112,all P<0.05).The IgG glycosylation characteristics of galactosylation,sialylation and N-acetylglucosamine modification were lower than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistical significance(Z=-2.432～-0.158,all P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes was significantly negatively correlated with IgG galactosylation,sialylation level and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification(r=-0.656,-0.531,-0.608,all P<0.01).CD14+CD16+monocyte ratio was positively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=0.581,all P<0.01).IgG galactosylation,sialylation levels and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification were negatively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=-0.645,-0.609,-0.503,all P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP>8.21mg/L,CD14+CD16+≥16.17%,sialylation<22.05%and isotropic N-acetylglucosamine modification<16.53%were independent risk factors for disease activity in SLE patients(Wald χ2=4.471～12.811,all P<0.05).The VIF values of the above independent variables were all less than 10.By establishing the Logistic regression prediction model and drawing the ROC curve,the AUC value for diagnosing SLE disease activity was 0.821(95%CI:0.733～0.905),the sensitivity,specificity and the Yodon index were 85.37%,75.67%,0.677,respectively.and the P values of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test models were 0.568,respectively.Conclusion The proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes in peripheral blood of SLE patients increase significantly,and the level of IgG glycosylation characteristics decrease,both of which are correlated with SLE-DIA.The predictive model constructed based on the two had a good ability to distinguish SLE-DIA from inactive state,with high sensitivity and moderate specificity conducive to early clinical recognition,and the model fitting effect is good.SLE-DIA can be evaluated more accurately.

Against the backdrop of the in-depth advancement of the integration of medical treatment and disease prevention strategy and the increasingly prominent challenges in public health emergency response,it is urgently necessary to build a modern health emergency management system featuring"medical and preventive collaboration and integration".By sorting out the concept,component elements and functional positioning of the emergency management system in public hospitals,it explores the basic framework and key links of the emergency management system in public hospitals,and ensures the effective implementation of the system through multi-dimensional collaborative efforts.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and mechanism of miR-125a-5p targeted regulation of scavenger receptor B1 (Scarb1) gene on anoxia/reoxygenation injury of rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS: H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into blank control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation group, transfection control group and mir-125a-5p transfection group. The expression of miR-125a-5p, cardiomyocyte viability, apoptosis rate, ATP content and the expression of Scarb1, Cyt C, Bax, Bcl-2 and NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins were determined. Target gene of miR-125a-5p was predicted with Targetscan software, and the targeting of miR-125a-5p on Scarb1 was verified by double luciferase reporter gene experiment. RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the expression of miR-125a-5p, Bax, Cyt C and the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression of Scarb1, Bcl-2 and the content of ATP were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the situation of mir-125a-5p transfection group was just the opposite. Double luciferase reporter gene experiment has confirmed Scarb1 to be the target of miR-125a-5p. Hypoxia/reoxygenation can promote the expression of NF-κB p65, C-myc and Cyclin D1 in cardiomyocytes, while down-regulating the expression of miR-125a-5p can inhibit the expression of such proteins. CONCLUSION Hypoxia/reoxygenation can induce the expression of miR-125a-5p in rat cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of miR-125a-5p can protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation by up-regulating the expression of Scarb1. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes of antibodies induced by leptospiral vaccines. Methods: Antigens for antibody detection were screened out. ELISA was used to analyze antibody responses induced at different time points after immunizing guinea pigs with different batches of leptospiral vaccines from different manufacturers. To investigate the relationship between antibody responses induced by leptospiral vaccines and their protective effects in animal model, guinea pigs were challenged with Leptospira after immunization. Results: There was no significant antigen-antibody reaction between the LigA protein or Patoc Ⅰ antigen and the serum samples of guinea pigs immunized with leptospiral vaccines. Notable IgG and IgM antibody reactions were observed in all vaccination groups when using bacterial proteins from seven Leptospira reference strains which were used for the preparation of leptospiral vaccines as envelope antigens. Antigen-specific IgG antibodies peaked at 35 d after the last immunization, and the highest peak of antigen-specific IgM antibodies was reached 11 d after the last immunization. Results of the challenge test showed that non-diluted leptospiral vaccines induced significant IgG and IgM antibody reactions in guinea pigs as compared with those diluted three or nine times, showing good protective effects. Conclusions Analysis of the dynamic changes of antibodies induced by leptospiral vaccines revealed that there was correlation between the induced serum antibody responses and the protective effects. This study provided reference for further study on alternative methods for evaluating leptospiral vaccine potency.

Collaboration of c-KIT mutations with AML1-ETO (AE) has been demonstrated to induce t(8; 21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Targeted therapies designed to eliminate AE and c-KIT oncoproteins may facilitate effective treatment of t(8; 21) AML. Homoharringtonine (HHT) features activity against tumor cells harboring c-KIT mutations, whereas oridonin can induce t(8; 21) AML cell apoptosis and AE cleavage. Therefore, studies should explore the efficacy of combination therapy with oridonin and HHT in t(8; 21) AML. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effects and mechanism of oridonin combined with HHT in t(8; 21) AML cell line and mouse model. The two drugs synergistically inhibited cell viability and induced significant mitochondrial membrane potential loss and apoptosis. Oridonin and HHT induced significant downregulation of c-KIT and its downstream signaling pathways and promoted AE cleavage. HHT increased intracellular oridonin concentration by modulating the expressions of MRP1 and MDR1, thus enhancing the effects of oridonin. The combination of oridonin and HHT prolonged t(8; 21) leukemia mouse survival. In conclusion, oridonin and HHTexert synergistic effects against t(8; 21) leukemia in vivo and in vitro, thereby indicating that their combination may be an effective therapy for t(8; 21) leukemia.

Objective Lab color mode can be used to digitize the color.This study explores the possibility of using Lab model to measure facial pigmentations.Methods Lab color model was used to measure the normal skin and three common clinical pigmentations (Ota nevus,freckles and melasma).We also analyzed the characteristics and assessed the data changes after the treatment.Results Average L,a and b values were 54.4,13.8 and 19.0 in normal skin,34.6,5.17 and 6.9 in Ota nevus,43.25,16.15 and 23.05 in freckles and 40.5,16.8 and 23.35 in melasma,respectively.The Lab values of freckles and melasma were close.The order of L value was:normal skin ＞ freckle ＞ melasma ＞Ota nevus;the order of value of a and b was:melasma ＞ freckle ＞ normal skin ＞ Ota nevus.After treatment,the Lab values gradually tended to be the values of normal skin.Conclusions The Lab color mode can be used as a digital description method for skin color and facial pigmentation,which provides an objective measure for clinical research.

Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents in the rattan of Rubia argyi L.. Methods:The air-dried rattan of Rubia argyi L. was powdered and extracted three times by 75% ethanol with refluxing. After removing the solvent under the reduced pressure,the crude extract was dissolved in water,and then filtrated and extracted by petroleum ether and ethyl acetate to obtain crude extract after removing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatogra-phy,reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography,and then identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral analysis(1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR). Results:Totally 13 compounds were isolated from the rat-tan of Rubia argyi L.,and characterized as secoisolariciresinol(1),xanthopurpurin(2),daucosterol(3),dehydroabietic acid(4), 2-hydroxy-1-methoxy-anthraquinone(5),β-sitosterol(6),lirioresinol A(7),2-hydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone(8),strych-novoline (9), ciwujiatone (10), 3,4-divanillyltetrahydrofuran (11), 2-(4-hydroxypheny) -6-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3,3,0]octane (12), and (6S,9R)-vomifoliol (13).Conclusion: The compounds 1-13 are isolated from the rattan of Rubia argyi L. for the first time and the compounds 1,2,4,5 and 7-13 are first isolated from Rubia L..