Objective:To investigate the protective effect of lovastatin on liver injury in the rats induced by hyperlipidemia,and to elucidate its possible mechanism.Methods:Fifteen SD rats were randomly divided into control group,hyperlipidemia model group,and lovastatin group,with 5 rats in each group.The rats in control group were fed with standard diet,while the rats in hyperlipidemia model group and lovastatin group were fed high-fat diet for 12 weeks.Starting from the 8th week,the rats were administered treatments via gavage once a day for 4 weeks:the rats in lovastatin group received 2 mng·kg-1 lovastatin,while the rats in control group and hyperlipidemia model group received an equal volume of normal saline.The body weights of the rats in various groups were measured at weeks 1,8,9,10,11,and 12 after the experiment began;the histopathology of liver tissue of the rats in various groups was observed using HE staining;the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),malondialdehyde(MDA),as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-12(IL-12),and tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)of the rats in various groups were detected using commercial kits;the composition of the gut microbiota of the rats in various groups was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results:Compared with control group,the body weight of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group was significantly increased from the 8th week of high-fat diet feeding(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 or P＜0.001).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the body weight of the rats in lovastatin group was significantly decreased at weeks 11 and 12(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the livers of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group appeared rough,pale,enlarged,with blunt edges,and had a granular and greasy texture.Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the livers of the rats in lovastatin group were light brownish-red,soft,with slightly blunt edges,reduced volume,and less granularity and greasiness.Compared with control group,the liver cells of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were swollen and disorganized,with pyknotic nuclei,extensive inflammatory cell infiltration,and numerous vacuolar degenerations.Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the rats in lovastatin group showed significantly reduced hepatocyte swelling and degeneration,more orderly and intact liver cell arrangement,decreased inflammatory cell infiltration,and reduced vacuolar degeneration.Compared with control group,the serum levels of TC,TG,and LDL-C of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the serum HDL-C level was decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the serum levels of TC,TG,and LDL-C of the rats in lovastation group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the serum HDL-C level was increased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the serum MDA levels and the ALT and AST activities of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the serum MDA levels and ALT and AST activities of the rats in lovastatin group were decreased(P＜0.05),and the SOD and GSH-Px activities were increased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,IL-12,and TNF-α of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the serum levels of IL-2,IL-6,IL-12,and TNF-α of the rats in lovastatin group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the ACE and Chao1 indexes of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the ACE and Chao1 indexes of the rats in lovastatin group were significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with control group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group were significantly increased(P＜0.001),and the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were decreased(P＜0.001).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria of the rats in lovastatin group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria showed no significant changes.Compared with control group,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus of the rats in hyperlipidemia model group was significantly decreased(P＜0.001),and the relative abundances of Bacteroides,Desulfovibrio,and Clostridium were significantly increased(P＜0.01 or P＜0.001).Compared with hyperlipidemia model group,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus of the rats in lovastatin group showed no significant change but the relative abundances of Bacteroides,Desulfovibrio,and Clostridium were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 or P＜0.001).Conclusion:Lovastatin ameliorates liver injury induced by hyperlipidemia,and the mechanism may be related to its ability to improve gut microbiota composition and inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory damage.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of tricuspid valve prolapse caused by chordal rupture complicated with persistent pulmonary hypertension in neonates.Methods:The clinical data of a male neonate with tricuspid valve prolapse complicated with persistent pulmonary hypertension admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Children′s Hospital of Hebei Province in November 2018 was analyzed retrospectively. Related literature up to September 2020 was searched with the strategy of "(neonate OR newborn) AND (tricuspid valve prolapse) AND (rupture OR necrosis) AND (papillary muscle OR chordae tendineae) AND (pulmonary hypertension)" in Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed database in Chinese and English. The characteristics of the disease were summarized.Results:A male full-term neonate was admitted due to presenting severe cyanosis for 9 hours. He was born by caesarean section and presented severe cyanosis and dyspnea at 10 min of ages, unresponsive to the positive airway pressure resuscitation. After 9 hours of mechanical ventilation, there was no improvement. Thus he was transferred to Children′s Hospital of Hebei Province. On admission, the initial blood gas analysis showed an arterial partial pressure of oxygen of 22.5 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The echocardiography revealed prolapsed anterior leaflet of tricuspid valve, severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and pulmonary artery hypertension, and right to left shunt via a patent foramen ovale. The arterial duct was closed. The chest X-ray was normal. The boy was treated with nitric oxide, milrinone, and continued mechanical ventilation initially. Addition of prostacyclin analog (treprostinil) on day 3 led to significant improvement of pulmonary blood flow, oxygenation, and stabilization, so that the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy was avoided. At 11 months after birth, the boy underwent cardiac surgery. At surgery, the rupture of chordal tendineae in anterior leaflet of tricuspid valve was found. Tricuspid annuloplasty, valvuloplasty and repair of patent foramen ovale were successfully performed. The follow-up echocardiogram at postoperative 3 months showed only mild tricuspid insufficiency. The boy was well at last follow-up at 22 months of age with normal cognitive skill development. According to literature, 20 cases of papillary muscle or chordae tendineae rupture in neonates had been reported in 12 English papers. Among the total 21 neonates, there were 12 male infants and only one premature infant with gestational age of 33 weeks. They presented with profound cyanosis soon after birth. All of them received endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Other treatments included inhalation of nitric oxide, intravenous milrinone, vasoactive drugs, diuretics and prostacyclin, etc. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was used in 6 infants as a bridge to surgical treatment. Two cases reported earlier death of cardiopulmonary failure without operation and the rest 19 survived after surgery. The followed surgery or autopsy revealed that all of them had tricuspid valve prolapse, rupture of papillary muscle or chordae tendineae.Conclusions:The severe TR resulting from rupture of papillary muscle or chordate tendineae in neonates is rare and could cause severe hypoxemia. Early recognition, adequate cardiopulmonary support to stabilize the hemodynamic status and timely surgery can significantly reduce the mortality.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of anxiety and depression in field training military officers and soldiers and analyze the impact of coping styles and personality traits.METHODS: Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression scale, Simple Coping Style Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were used to evaluate 494 field training military officers and soldiers by judgment sampling method. RESULTS: The rates of anxiety and depression symptoms of the officers and soldiers in field training were 13.0% and 23.1%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the negative coping style, mental quality and neurotic scores of the officers and soldiers in the field, the lower the scores of internal and external, the worse the interpersonal relationship and family relationship, the higher the risk of anxiety(P<0.05). The higher the mental quality and neurotic scores of the officers and soldiers in the field, the lower of the position, the lower the scores of positive coping style and internal and external, the worse the interpersonal relationship and family relationship, the higher the risk of depression(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depression are the main negative emotions in the field training officers and soldiers. Negative coping style, pathological personality tendency and interpersonal relationship are the main influencing factors of negative emotion.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of ocular movement disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and explore the clinical application of videonystagmograph (VNG) exami?nation in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MS. Methods Sixteen MS ,10 NMO and 30 control ( sudden deafness ) patients were enrolled prospectively. Ocular movement disorders including saccades, gaze fixation, smooth pursuits, opto?kinetic nystagmus and spontaneous nystagmus were evaluated by using VNG. Results The positive rate of ocular motility disorders in MS patients detected by VGN was 68.75%. The incidences of abnormalities in saccades, smooth pursuits and optokinetic nystagmus were significantly higher in MS than in control groups (P= 0.000, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). The positive rate of ocular motility disorders in NMO patients detected by VGN was 80.00%. The incidences of abnormal?ities in saccades, gaze fixation, smooth pursuits and optokinetic nystagmus were significantly higher in NMO than control groups (P=0.000, 0.012, 0.000 and 0.002, respectively). The positive rate of ocular motility disorders was not significant? ly different in MS and MS patients (68.5%vs. 80%,P>0.05). Compared with bedside physical examination, VNG showed a notable higher sensitivity in the detection of ocular motility disorders(68.75% vs. 37.50%). Furthermore, VNG disor?ders might indicate brain lesions undetected by MRI. Conclusion This small sample research indicates that VNG is a valuable tool in the detection of ocular motility disorders as well as brain lesions in MS and NMO patients. However, its role in the differential diagnosis between MS and NMO is not confirmed.

Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxieity of polyphosphoester polymer used as a novel injectable alveolar bone substitutes for controlled delivery of tetracycline. Cell culture medium was exposed to the polymer (0.01-10 mg/mL) for 24h. The L-929 mouse fibroblasts were then exposed to the treated cell culture medium for 24h. Finally, cell viability and growth were assessed by using MTT assay and Alamar Blue assay. No significant cytotoxicity of the polyphosphoester against L-929 mouse fibroblasts was observed at a concentration up to 10 mg/mL (P0.05). The two evaluation methods showed no significant differences (P0.05). This study suggests that polyphosphoester does not demonstrate any significant toxic effects to cells in vitro and has the potential to be used both as a medical device and as scaffolds in tissue engineering applications.

Objective To compare the tannin contents of Platycladus orientalis(L.) Franco and its carbonisatus.Method A tungsten molybdophosphate-casein colorimetric method was used with gallic acid as reference substance.Results The standard curve in the range of 0.026～0.26 mg(r =0.999 4),and the average recovery rate was 97.85%,RSD=1.07%(n =9).Conclusion The method is reliable and can be used to determine the tannic of and its different processed products.