Objective:To analyze the relationship between the expression and prognosis of kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) in renal clear cell carcinoma and explore its potential mechanism.Methods:Information on the KIF4A gene in renal clear cell carcinoma was retrieved from the UALCAN database, including expression levels, survival analysis, and positive and negative correlation gene data, from which the expression levels, prognostic information, and potential mechanisms of KIF4A in renal clear cell carcinoma were derived.Results:KIF4A is highly expressed in renal clear cell carcinoma, and male patients have a higher expression rate than female patients. The higher the tumor grade and the later the N stage, the more expression ( P<0.05). The survival analysis showed that the expression level and prognosis of KIF4A were negatively correlated ( P<0.05). Cyclin B2 (CCNB2), kinesin family member 23 (KIF23), cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5), and KIF4A were significantly positively correlated, whereas DHRS12, crumbs protein homolog 3 (CRB3), β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2), and KIF4A were significantly negatively correlated. Conclusions:KIF4A plays an important role in the development of renal clear cell carcinoma and can be used as a potential marker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma, including in children.

Objective:This study aims to explore the clinical features and electrophysiological mechanism of depression through event-related potential analysis.Method:Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) was used to evaluate anticipatory (TEPS-A) and consummatory (TEPS-C) pleasurable experience among 53 participants (20 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 14 patients with bipolar depression Ⅱ (BD) and 19 health controls (HC)). Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Brief Screening Scale for Dementia (BSSD) were used to evaluate patients’ clinical characteristics. All subjects completed gambling task according to the instructions. Meanwhile, continuous electroencephalogram （EEG) was recorded, and feedback negativity in event-related potential was analyzed.Results:Firstly, compared with HC group, the scores of TEPS, TEPs-A and TEPs-C in MDD and BD groups were decreased ( P<0.01). Secondly, the FN amplitude wave decreased significantly in MDD group ((-0.138±2.562) μV), compared with HC ((-2.569±2.598) μV) and BD group ((-2.251±0.954) μV), P<0.05. Thirdly, in contrast to HC ((10.778±6.967) μV) and BD ((10.284±5.540) μV), the MDD group ((6.069±4.353) μV) displayed blunted responses to gain feedback; For the loss feedback, no significant difference was shown among the three groups. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that, for the MDD group, consummatory anhedonia measured by TEPS-C were associated with reduction in response to gain feedback ( r=-0.501 ，P=0.024). Conclusions:Patients with depressive episode FN in MDD was negatively correlated with the score of consummatory pleasurable experience by having a lack of pleasure, which was manifested as the decrease of both anticipatory pleasurable experience and consummatory pleasurable experience. Patients with MDD showed decreased reward sensitivity and decreased FN amplitude, while patients with BD Ⅱ showed no similar trend. The changes in EEG indicated underpinning mechanism of anhedonia in depression.

Objective:This study aims to explore the clinical features and electrophysiological mechanism of depression through event-related potential analysis.Method:Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) was used to evaluate anticipatory (TEPS-A) and consummatory (TEPS-C) pleasurable experience among 53 participants (20 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 14 patients with bipolar depression Ⅱ (BD) and 19 health controls (HC)). Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Brief Screening Scale for Dementia (BSSD) were used to evaluate patients’ clinical characteristics. All subjects completed gambling task according to the instructions. Meanwhile, continuous electroencephalogram （EEG) was recorded, and feedback negativity in event-related potential was analyzed.Results:Firstly, compared with HC group, the scores of TEPS, TEPs-A and TEPs-C in MDD and BD groups were decreased ( P<0.01). Secondly, the FN amplitude wave decreased significantly in MDD group ((-0.138±2.562) μV), compared with HC ((-2.569±2.598) μV) and BD group ((-2.251±0.954) μV), P<0.05. Thirdly, in contrast to HC ((10.778±6.967) μV) and BD ((10.284±5.540) μV), the MDD group ((6.069±4.353) μV) displayed blunted responses to gain feedback; For the loss feedback, no significant difference was shown among the three groups. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that, for the MDD group, consummatory anhedonia measured by TEPS-C were associated with reduction in response to gain feedback ( r=-0.501 ，P=0.024). Conclusions:Patients with depressive episode FN in MDD was negatively correlated with the score of consummatory pleasurable experience by having a lack of pleasure, which was manifested as the decrease of both anticipatory pleasurable experience and consummatory pleasurable experience. Patients with MDD showed decreased reward sensitivity and decreased FN amplitude, while patients with BD Ⅱ showed no similar trend. The changes in EEG indicated underpinning mechanism of anhedonia in depression.