During the healing of diabetic wounds,prolonged inflammation,difficulty in angiogenesis,and decreased epithelialization ability of keratinocytes often appear,which lead to delayed wound healing.Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that degrades intracellular proteins,promotes cell survival,and maintains cellular biological functions.Recent studies have shown that autophagy affects the healing of diabetic wounds through various mechanisms.This article reviews the potential mechanism of autophagy in diabetic wound healing:autophagy may delay wound healing by causing a decrease in the phagocytic ability and polarization of macrophages,a decrease in the angiogenesis ability of endothelial progenitor cells,a decrease in the migration ability and proliferation of keratinocytes,and an increase in the apoptosis of fibroblasts,which may provide new ideas for finding therapeutic targets for diabetic wound healing.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

At present, PCI is widely applied and their postoperative self-management becomes crucial. This paper studies the definition of self-management, its current application after PCI and possible contributing factors, so as to provide a reference for standardizing home self-management of patients who have received PCI.