Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

BACKGROUND:The guinea pig is considered to be the most useful spontaneous model for evaluating primary osteoarthritis in humans because of its similar knee joint structure and close histopathologic features to those of humans. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the pathological process of spontaneous knee osteoarthritis in guinea pigs by analyzing the histopathology of the total knee joint of guinea pigs aged 1 to 18 months. METHODS:Eight healthy female Hartley guinea pigs in each age group of 1,6,10,14,16,and 18 months old were selected.The quadriceps femoris was taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the total knee joint was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue.The histopathology of the cartilage,subchondral bone,synovium,meniscus,and muscles were observed under light microscope.Mankin's score and synovitis score were compared,and the correlation analysis was conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:As the guinea pig age increased,the Mankin's score increased(P<0.05),and the pathological score of synovitis also gradually increased(P<0.05),and there was a significant positive correlation between the two(r=0.641,P<0.001).The incidence rate of subchondral bone marrow lesion in 18-month-old guinea pigs was 50%,and the incidence of meniscus injury was 37.5%.In addition,osteophyte and narrowing of the joint space were observed,and only a few guinea pigs had inflammation in the quadriceps femoris.To conclude,guinea pigs develop significant cartilage defects,synovial inflammation,subchondral bone lesions,meniscus injury,osteophyte formation,and joint space narrowing as they age,all of which are similar to the pathological processes of primary knee osteoarthritis in humans,making it an ideal model of spontaneous knee osteoarthritis.

Objective:An in vivo mammalian hepatocyte Unscheduled DNA Synthesis(UDS)test was used to evaluate the genotoxicity of Cross-linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gel and Bone Repair Materials,providing experimental evidence for establishing a UDS testing method for medical devices and materials.Methods:0.9％sodium chloride injection and cottonseed oil were used as the solvent for test materials and negative control,respectively.N-dimethylnitrosamine(NDMA)was used as the positive control for the early sampling times,and 2-acetylaminofluorene(2-AAF)was used as the positive control for the late sampling times.SD rats were administered a single dose for toxic exposure,and liver tissues were collected at 4 h and 16 h,respectively.Hepatocytes were isolated using collagenase perfusion.After labeling with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU),and the net average fluorescence intensity(NAFI)of cell nuclei and nucleoplasm was measured by fluorescence microscope.Data from 50 cells were used to analyze the DNA repair level.Results:Compared with the negative control groups,the positive control groups(NDMA and 2-AAF)showed highly statistically significant differences in NAFI(P＜0.01),indicating successful induction of DNA damage.There was no statistically significant differences between the cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel groups,bone repair material groups and the negative control group(P＞0.05),suggesting that these materials did not significantly induce DNA damage under the experimental conditions.Conclusion:This study first applied EdU labeling technology to the in vivo hepatic UDS assay,achieving non-radioactive labeling through click chemistry reactions.Under the conditions of this study,cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel and bone repair materials did not exhibit genotoxicity.In the follow-up,the sample range can be expanded and the observation period can be prolonged to further improve the genotoxicity evaluation system of medical devices.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of discoidin,CUB and LCCL domain containing protein 1(DCBLD1)and cytoskeleton associated protein 2(CKAP2)in cervical cancer(CC)tissues and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)and clinical prognosis.Methods 94 CC patients diagnosed and treated in Shiyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2017 to February 2019 were selected.The expression of DCBLD1 messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA),CKAP2 mRNA,N-cadherin(N-cad)mRNA,vimentin(Vim)mRNA and TWIST mRNA in tissues was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).The expressions of DCBLD1 and CKAP2 were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between DCBLD1 mRNA,CKAP2 mRNA and EMT-related indicators.Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn to compare the prognosis of CC patients with different DCBLD1 mRNA and CKAP2 mRNA expression.COX regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of CC patients.Results The expression of DCBLD1 mRNA,CKAP2 mRNA,N-cad mRNA,Vim mRNA and TWIST mRNA in CC cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues,and the differences were statistically significant(t=32.763～52.824,all P<0.05).The positive rates of DCBLD1 protein(89.36%)and CKAP2 protein(87.23%)in CC cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent normal tissues(7.45%,6.38%),and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=126.278,123.396,all P<0.001).The expression of DCBLD1 mRNA and CKAP2 mRNA in CC cancer tissues were positively correlated with the expression of N-cad mRNA,Vim mRNA and TWIST mRNA(r=0.655～0.744,all P<0.001).The expression of DCBLD1 mRNA and CKAP2 mRNA in patients with FIGO stage IB2～IIB and lymph node metastasis were higher than those in patients with stage IA～IB1 and without lymph node metastasis(t=25.644～35.674,all P<0.05).The 5-year progression free survival rates of the high expression groups of DCBLD1 mRNA and CKAP2 mRNA were 63.04%and 62.22%,respectively,which were lower than those of the low expression groups of DCBLD1 mRNA and CKAP2 mRNA(91.67%and 91.84%),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(Log-Rank χ2=7.181,6.527,all P<0.05).FIGO stage IB2～IIB,high DCBLD1 mRNA and high CKAP2 mRNA were risk factors affecting the prognosis of CC patients(Wald χ2=8.277,15.877,10.927,all P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of DCBLD1 and CKAP2 in CC cancer tissues is significantly increased,which is related to EMT related indicators and plays a promoting role in the progression of CC tumors.They are new prognostic markers for CC.

Aim To explore the therapeutic effect of Shenwuyishen tablets(SWYST)in treating chronic kidney disease(CKD)and the underlying mechanism.Methods The pharmacological action of SWYST was evaluated in folic acid(FA)-induced mouse models by levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,in-dexes of tubulointerstitial inflammation and tubular in-jury,and degrees of renal fibrosis.Differential genes from 22 types of cells in kidney tissue of CKD were i-dentified by single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequen-cing datasets.Network pharmacology was used to pre-dict key ingredients,cells,and targets.The binding mode between the key ingredients and key targets was elucidated using molecular docking and molecular dy-namics simulation.Results Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels,tubulointerstitial inflamma-tion and tubular injury indexes,and renal fibrosis de-grees were significantly reduced by SWYST administra-tion.Quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,baicalein and wogonin were considered as key components that main-ly acted through FOS and JUN of endothelial cells,neu-trophils and thick ascending limb cells to ameliorate CKD.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics sim-ulation revealed that quercetin stably occupied the cross pocket of FOS-JUN heterodimers to inhibit the binding between FOS-JUN heterodimers and DNA.Conclusion SWYST inhibits the binding of FOS-JUN heterodimers and DNA of endothelial cells,neutrophils and thick ascending limb cells to ameliorate CKD.

Objective:To evaluate the mediating effect of electrocardiographic (ECG) indicators in the association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and blood pressure and to explore the key PM 2.5 element constituents that produce the mediating effect. Methods:Based on a cross-sectional survey across 10 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, PM 2.5 and its element constituents were collected from the nearest air monitoring superstation. Blood pressure and ECG indicators of participants were obtained through physical examinations. A multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the effect of short-term exposures to PM 2.5 on blood pressure. A mediation analysis was used to identify the mediating effect of ECG indicators in the association between exposure to PM 2.5 and its element constituents and blood pressure. Results:The age of the 1 793 participants was (65.1±13.3) years, and 885 (49.4%) were males. During the study period, the daily mean concentration of PM 2.5 was (70±45) μg/m 3, and the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) were (139±20), (82±11), (101±13), and (57±17) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), respectively. The results of the multivariate linear regression showed that for every 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 on the same day (lag 0), DBP increased by 0.15 (95% CI: 0.02-0.28) mmHg, and PP decreased 0.18 (95% CI: 0.36-0.01) mmHg. The exposure to 14 elemental constituents, such as Ga, Co and Se, was associated with an increase in DBP, while the exposure to 17 elemental constituents, such as Cs, Se and Ag, was associated with a decrease in PP. At lag 0, the PM 2.5-induced increase in DBP was mediated by the QRS interval (mediation percentage of 18.98%), and the PM 2.5-induced decrease in PP was mediated by the QT interval (mediation percentage of -6.31%). The exposure to K, Br, Pb, Zn, Ca, Co, Pd, Cu, and As constituents was associated with increases in DBP mediated by prolonged QRS interval. The exposure to Pb, Zn, K, and As constituents was associated with decreases in PP mediated by prolonged QRS interval. Conclusion:ECG indicators such as QRS interval may mediate the association between short-term exposure to PM 2.5 and its element constituents and blood pressure.

This report described a prenatal diagnosis of X chromosome inversion in a male fetus. A pregnant woman was referred for prenatal diagnosis at Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, at 12 weeks and 2 days of gestation due to an increased nuchal translucency thickness (2.8 mm). Amniotic fluid cell culture for karyotype analysis revealed a fetal karyotype of 46,Y,inv(X)(p11.2q22). Low-coverage whole-genome copy number variation (CNV) sequencing detected no chromosomal aneuploidies or known pathogenic CNVs larger than 100 kb. After comprehensive genetic counseling, the patient opted to continue the pregnancy. A male infant was delivered via cesarean section at 39 weeks of gestation, with no signs of neonatal asphyxia. Phenotypic examination and newborn screening for inherited metabolic disorders showed no abnormalities.

Objective To investigate the application of the"integration of four dimensions(mainline teaching-on-line course-medical case-mind map)"teaching mode in the undergraduate compulsory teaching course"Health-care-associated Infection Control",and provide reference for further improving the design of undergraduate compul-sory course on infection control.Methods A questionnaire survey on undergraduate students' satisfaction for com-pulsory course"Healthcare-associated Infection Control"was conducted using KANO model.A total of 4 dimen-sions and 21 quality indicators were set up.KANO attribute classification,satisfaction degree,and importance coef-ficients etc.were analyzed,and curriculum design was optimized.Results The overall questionnaire reliability Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.915,and the validity analysis Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)measure of sampling adequacy value was 0.867.Among the 21 quality indicators,12 were charismatic attributes,which accounted for the largest proportion(57.14％)of the total indicators.Most quality indicators received high student satisfaction ratings.The indicators with the highest satisfaction coefficients were"playing teaching videos in class"(4.73),along with"in-tegrating typical healthcare-associated infection cases into the curriculum for relevant teaching""maintaining a relax-ed and pleasant teaching atmosphere",and"humorous and witty teaching style of the teacher"(all scoring 4.71).Four important but currently with low satisfaction indicators were"combining course content with utilitarian exam preparation""adopting a completely offline teaching format""adopting relatively strict assessment methods",and"reflecting differentiation based on difficulty coefficient in final assessment".Conclusion This course has achieved certain efficacy in undergraduate compulsory education,but there is still room for improvement in the setting of cur-riculum assessment methods.In the future,the course system should be integrated,the assessment mode of combi-ning theory and practice should be optimized,and course improvement and innovation should be promoted.

Objective:An in vivo mammalian hepatocyte Unscheduled DNA Synthesis(UDS)test was used to evaluate the genotoxicity of Cross-linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gel and Bone Repair Materials,providing experimental evidence for establishing a UDS testing method for medical devices and materials.Methods:0.9％sodium chloride injection and cottonseed oil were used as the solvent for test materials and negative control,respectively.N-dimethylnitrosamine(NDMA)was used as the positive control for the early sampling times,and 2-acetylaminofluorene(2-AAF)was used as the positive control for the late sampling times.SD rats were administered a single dose for toxic exposure,and liver tissues were collected at 4 h and 16 h,respectively.Hepatocytes were isolated using collagenase perfusion.After labeling with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU),and the net average fluorescence intensity(NAFI)of cell nuclei and nucleoplasm was measured by fluorescence microscope.Data from 50 cells were used to analyze the DNA repair level.Results:Compared with the negative control groups,the positive control groups(NDMA and 2-AAF)showed highly statistically significant differences in NAFI(P＜0.01),indicating successful induction of DNA damage.There was no statistically significant differences between the cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel groups,bone repair material groups and the negative control group(P＞0.05),suggesting that these materials did not significantly induce DNA damage under the experimental conditions.Conclusion:This study first applied EdU labeling technology to the in vivo hepatic UDS assay,achieving non-radioactive labeling through click chemistry reactions.Under the conditions of this study,cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel and bone repair materials did not exhibit genotoxicity.In the follow-up,the sample range can be expanded and the observation period can be prolonged to further improve the genotoxicity evaluation system of medical devices.

Objective:To investigate the prognoses of patients with medial medullary infarction (MMI) or lateral medullary infarction (LMI) and their influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; 489 patients with acute medullary infarction admitted to Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2017 to January 2024 were enrolled. Among them, 186 patients had MMI, which was divided into isolated MMI group ( n=126) and group of MMI with other infarcts ( n=60); 303 patients had LMI, which was divided into isolated LMI group ( n=176) and group of LMI with other infarcts ( n=127). Prognosis 90 days after onset was assessed by modified Rankin Scale (mRS, scores of 3-6 as poor prognosis). Clinical data, prognosis and mortality 90 days after onset, early neurological deterioration, respiratory failure, and complications were compared between isolated MMI group and group of MMI with other infarcts and between isolated LMI group and group of LMI with other infarcts. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent influencing factors for poor prognosis 90 days after onset in patients with MMI or LMI. Results:(1) Compared with isolated MMI group, group of MMI with other infarcts had significantly lower rates of alcohol history and sensory symptoms but higher rates of Horner's syndrome, dysphagia, dysarthria, and facial palsy ( P<0.05). Compared with isolated LMI group, group of LMI with other infarcts had significantly lower rates of sensory symptoms but higher rates of dizzy and dysarthria, and statistically different Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment types ( P<0.05). (2) The poor prognosis rate 90 days after onset in patients with MMI was significantly higher than that in patients with LMI (31.8% vs. 18.8%, P<0.05). Compared with isolated MMI group, group of MMI with other infarcts had significantly higher rates of respiratory failure, urinary retention, and pulmonary infection ( P<0.05). Compared with isolated LMI group, group of LMI with other infarcts had significantly higher rates of poor prognosis 90 days after onset, mortality 90 days after onset, early neurological deterioration, respiratory failure, stress ulcers, and pulmonary infection ( P<0.05). (3) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that dyskinesia ( OR=10.522, 95% CI: 1.246-88.853, P=0.031) and vertical multi-level involvement ( OR=4.585, 95% CI: 1.405-14.962, P=0.012) were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis in isolated MMI patients 90 days after onset; age ( OR=1.089, 95% CI: 1.017-1.166, P=0.015), vertical multi-level involvement ( OR=9.429, 95% CI: 1.625-54.502, P=0.012) were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis in MMI patients with other infarcts 90 days after onset; age ( OR=1.069, 95% CI: 1.006-1.136, P=0.031) and vertical multi-level involvement ( OR=7.125, 95% CI: 2.243-22.636, P<0.001) were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis in isolated LMI patients 90 days after onset; diabetes ( OR=2.807, 95% CI: 1.056-7.461, P=0.038), dysphagia ( OR=6.821, 95% CI: 1.978-23.518, P=0.002), and temporal-occipital infarcts ( OR=3.419, 95% CI: 1.133-10.302, P=0.029) were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis in LMI patients with other infarcts. Conclusion:Patients with LMI had better prognosis compared with patients with MMI; however, LMI patients with other infarcts had poorer prognosis compared with LMI patients; LMI patients with diabetes mellitus, dysphagia or temporal-occipital infarcts are prone to have poor prognosis.