Objective: To identify an optimal back-flush solution for leukocyte-depleted filters that maximizes peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) recovery with high viability, long-term storage stability, and sterility of the harvested residues, thereby providing a clinically translatable strategy. Methods: Three sterile bag-packaged solutions—Saline, Solvent, and Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS)—were used to back-flush randomly assigned leukocyte-depleted filters. Nucleated cell recovery rate and viability of the harvested residues were compared. The optimal solution identified was applied to an expanded sample set. PBMC viability and yield were evaluated after 1h vs 48h storage of the residues. PBMCs isolated from the residues were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen for 1 month, followed by post-thaw comparisons of viability and T-cell expansion capacity. Results: The Solvent group achieved the highest and most consistent nucleated cell recovery rate. Post-flush recovery rate from filters after 400 mL whole blood processing was (21.3±1.6)% for the Solvent group, significantly higher than Saline group (19.2±6.3)% and HBSS group (11.2±5.0)%, with residues from all groups maintaining viability >90%. No biologically significant difference in residue viability was observed between 48h vs 1h storage groups (93.3±2.3)% vs (95.7±1.8)%). PBMC recovery rates from residues showed no statistical difference between 48h vs 1h storage groups [(48.2%±9.5%)vs (40.41%±8.35%), P>0.05], with (17.7±2.6)×10 cells. After 1-month cryopreservation and 10-day expansion, PBMCs isolated from 48-hour-stored residues retained (91.2±3.2)% viability and achieved a (61.9±15.9)-fold expansion. Conclusion: The bag-packaged Solvent, as a back-flush solution, enables sterile acquisition of leukocyte-depleted filter residues through closed-system tubing connections. These residues maintained PBMC viability and recovery rates after 48h storage at 2℃-8℃, with post-cryopreservation (1-month liquid nitrogen) viability and expansion capacity remaining stable. This protocol complies with blood bank regulatory criteria, addresses the concerns about the infectious window period in cell therapy raw materials, and provides a clinically translatable strategy for PBMC-based applications.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) has been a safe and viable alternative to conversion to laparotomy in cases of severe cholecystitis. The objective of this study is to determine the utility of intraoperative choledochoscopy in LSC for the exploration of the gallbladder, cyst duct, and subsequent stone clearance of the cystic duct in cases of severe cholecystitis. A total of 72 patients diagnosed with severe cholecystitis received choledochoscopy-assisted laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (CALSC). A choledochoscopy was performed to explore the gallbladder cavity and/or cystic duct, and to extract stones using a range of techniques. The clinical records, including the operative records and outcomes, were subjected to analysis. No LSC was converted to open surgery, and no bile duct or vascular injuries were sustained. All stones within the cystic duct were removed by a combination of techniques, including high-frequency needle knife electrotomy, basket, and electrohydraulic lithotripsy. A follow-up examination revealed the absence of residual bile duct stones, with the exception of one common bile duct stone, which was extracted via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In certain special cases, CALSC may prove to be an efficacious treatment for the management of severe cholecystitis. This technique allows for optimal comprehension of the situation within the gallbladder cavity and cystic duct, facilitating the removal of stones from the cystic duct and reducing the residue of the non-functional gallbladder remnant.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) has been a safe and viable alternative to conversion to laparotomy in cases of severe cholecystitis. The objective of this study is to determine the utility of intraoperative choledochoscopy in LSC for the exploration of the gallbladder, cyst duct, and subsequent stone clearance of the cystic duct in cases of severe cholecystitis. A total of 72 patients diagnosed with severe cholecystitis received choledochoscopy-assisted laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (CALSC). A choledochoscopy was performed to explore the gallbladder cavity and/or cystic duct, and to extract stones using a range of techniques. The clinical records, including the operative records and outcomes, were subjected to analysis. No LSC was converted to open surgery, and no bile duct or vascular injuries were sustained. All stones within the cystic duct were removed by a combination of techniques, including high-frequency needle knife electrotomy, basket, and electrohydraulic lithotripsy. A follow-up examination revealed the absence of residual bile duct stones, with the exception of one common bile duct stone, which was extracted via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In certain special cases, CALSC may prove to be an efficacious treatment for the management of severe cholecystitis. This technique allows for optimal comprehension of the situation within the gallbladder cavity and cystic duct, facilitating the removal of stones from the cystic duct and reducing the residue of the non-functional gallbladder remnant.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) has been a safe and viable alternative to conversion to laparotomy in cases of severe cholecystitis. The objective of this study is to determine the utility of intraoperative choledochoscopy in LSC for the exploration of the gallbladder, cyst duct, and subsequent stone clearance of the cystic duct in cases of severe cholecystitis. A total of 72 patients diagnosed with severe cholecystitis received choledochoscopy-assisted laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (CALSC). A choledochoscopy was performed to explore the gallbladder cavity and/or cystic duct, and to extract stones using a range of techniques. The clinical records, including the operative records and outcomes, were subjected to analysis. No LSC was converted to open surgery, and no bile duct or vascular injuries were sustained. All stones within the cystic duct were removed by a combination of techniques, including high-frequency needle knife electrotomy, basket, and electrohydraulic lithotripsy. A follow-up examination revealed the absence of residual bile duct stones, with the exception of one common bile duct stone, which was extracted via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In certain special cases, CALSC may prove to be an efficacious treatment for the management of severe cholecystitis. This technique allows for optimal comprehension of the situation within the gallbladder cavity and cystic duct, facilitating the removal of stones from the cystic duct and reducing the residue of the non-functional gallbladder remnant.

Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is a specific infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis invading the intestinal wall, encompassing two types: primary and secondary. In clinical practice, it is more commonly secondary to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, such as cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. In recent years, the incidence of ITB has shown an increasing trend. Due to its insidious onset and the lack of obvious or specific early symptoms, early diagnosis is challenging, often leading to a prolonged disease course. Therefore, accurate early diagnosis is of great significance for the control and prevention of ITB. Currently, the primary diagnostic methods for tuberculosis include etiological examination, histopathological evaluation, molecular biological diagnosis, and imaging studies. This article summarizes recent advances in the application of these diagnostic techniques for ITB, aiming to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals.

Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome triggered by an allergic reaction, which is clinically rare and frequently subject to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. This article presents a case report of a 70-year-old male patient who developed a rash, pruritus, and chest pain following colon polyp resection. Coronary angiography revealed occlusion of the left anterior descending artery, and blood flow was restored after stent implantation. However, the patient experienced recurrent symptoms accompanied by loss of consciousness. Drug skin tests confirmed positive reactions to chlorhexidine and fondaparinux sodium, leading to a diagnosis of type Ⅱ Kounis syndrome. By avoiding allergenic drugs and combining antihistamines with symptomatic treatment to correct myocardial ischemia, the patient′s clinical symptoms significantly improved, and he eventually recovered and was discharged from the hospital. This case underscores the importance of maintaining vigilance for this syndrome in patients with allergies accompanied by chest pain and promptly identifying and avoiding allergens.

Eucommia ulmoides， a plant belonging to Eucommiaceae， has a history of medical use for over two thousand years in China. The dried bark and leaves of this plant are usually used as medicinal materials. Due to the high safety in clinical application， E. ulmoides leaves were officially recognized for both medicinal and edible use by the food safety evaluation in 2019， providing a valuable resource for the development of food and health products. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory， E. ulmoides has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys， strengthening sinews and bones， and calming fetus. Modern research has shown that different parts such as the bark， leaves， flowers， and seeds of E. ulmoides contain similar chemical components， including phenylpropanoids， terpenoids， flavonoids， phenolic acids， steroids， and polysaccharides. E. ulmoides exhibits diverse pharmacological activities such as lowering blood pressure and blood lipid and glucose levels， preventing osteoporosis and possesses anti-tumor， anti-bacterial， antiviral， anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore， it holds great potential for the development of products with both medicinal and edible values. This review systematically summarizes the chemical constituents， pharmacological activities， and representative medicinal and edible products of different parts of E. ulmoides. It is expected to provide theoretical references for the clinical application of E. ulmoides and its active components and the development and utilization of the products with both medicinal and edible values. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the medicinal properties of E. ulmoides and provides guidance for further exploration of its applications in the healthcare field. As a plant with both medicinal and edible values， E. ulmoides is expected to attract more attention in future research and contribute to human health.

Objective To explore the mechanism of antiplatelet drugs in the treatment of acute lung injury based on the strategy of network pharmacology.Methods The targets of antiplatelet drugs were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction platform,and the related targets of acute lung injury were obtained by GeneCards and OMIM databases.The protein interaction network was constructed through the STRING platform.The CytoHubba and MCODE plug-ins in Cytoscape software were used to screen out the core targets and highly connected target clusters for the treatment of acute lung injury.The DAVID database was used to analyze the gene ontology(GO)bioprocess and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment of the core targets.Finally,AutoDockTools software was used for molecular docking verification.Results A total of 20 core targets for antiplatelet drugs in the treatment of acute lung injury were screened,among which the top three core targets were proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase(SRC),phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1)and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).Antiplatelet drugs may play a role in the treatment of acute lung injury by regulating epidermal growth factor receptor(ErbB)signaling pathway,positive programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)/programmed death receptor ligand-1(PD-L1)signaling pathway and Janus activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)signaling pathway.Molecular docking results further showed that antiplatelet drugs could bind well to core targets.Conclusion This study elucidated the possible mechanism of antiplatelet drugs in the treatment of acute lung injury from a systematic and holistic perspective,and provided new ideas for further study of the pharmacological mechanism of antiplatelet drugs in the treatment of acute lung injury.

BackgroundCombination of antipsychotic drugs and modified electroconvulsive therapy （MECT） is currently a commonly used method for treating schizophrenia， but its efficacy varies among different patient groups. ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effects of MECT on schizophrenia patients living in different urban versus rural environments， so as to provide references for the selection of treatment plans based on patients' residence. MethodsA total of 587 patients hospitalized at Luzhou Mental Health Center， Zigong Mental Health Center and Yibin Fourth People's Hospital from May 2018 to August 2022， who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） ，were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups： medication-only group （n=106） and MECT combined with medication group （n=481）. In MECT combined with medication group， 24 rural patients residing in urban areas were excluded， leaving the remaining patients divided into urban group （n=103） and rural group （n=354） based on their place of residence. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） was used to assess the severity of symptoms. Clinical efficacy was evaluated using PANSS score reduction rate， and covariance analysis was used to compare the therapeutic effects of different patients. ResultsThe differences of reduction rate of PANSS total score， positive symptom scale score and negative symptom scale score as well as treatment effectiveness rate between MECT combined with medication group and medication-only group were statistically significant （F=11.149， 12.111， 31.725， χ²=14.010， P<0.01）. Statistically significant differences were also observed in reduction rate of PANSS total score and positive symptom subscale score as well as treatment effectiveness rate between urban and rural patients in MECT combined with medication group （F=3.946， 4.523， χ²=4.033， P<0.05）. ConclusionThe efficacy of MECT combined with medication may be superior to medication alone in the treatment of schizophrenia， and the combined therapy may be more effective in urban patients than that in rural patients， with potentially more pronounced improvements in positive symptoms.

Immune evasion has made ovarian cancer notorious for its refractory features, making the development of immunotherapy highly appealing to ovarian cancer treatment. The immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12 exhibits excellent antitumor activities. However, IL-12 can induce IFN-γ release and subsequently upregulate PDL-1 expression on tumor cells. Therefore, the tumor-targeting folate-modified delivery system F-DPC is constructed for concurrent delivery of IL-12 encoding gene and small molecular PDL-1 inhibitor (iPDL-1) to reduce immune escape and boost anti-tumor immunity. The physicochemical characteristics, gene transfection efficiency of the F-DPC nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells are analyzed. The immune-modulation effects of combination therapy on different immune cells are also studied. Results show that compared with non-folate-modified vector, folate-modified F-DPC can improve the targeting of ovarian cancer and enhance the transfection efficiency of pIL-12. The underlying anti-tumor mechanisms include the regulation of T cells proliferation and activation, NK activation, macrophage polarization and DC maturation. The F-DPC/pIL-12/iPDL-1 complexes have shown outstanding antitumor effects and low toxicity in peritoneal model of ovarian cancer in mice. Taken together, our work provides new insights into ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Novel F-DPC/pIL-12/iPDL-1 complexes are revealed to exert prominent anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor immune microenvironment and preventing immune escape and might be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer treatment.