OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress. METHODS: A repeated-measures randomized crossover study involving healthy college students in Beijing was conducted. Biological samples, including morning urine and venous blood, were collected to measure concentrations of 29 typical organic pollutants, including hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs), bisphenol A and its substitutes, phthalates and their metabolites, parabens, and five biomarkers of oxidative stress. Health assessments included blood pressure measurements and lung function indicators. RESULTS: Urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OH-PHE) ( β = 4.35% [95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.85%, 7.97%]), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene ( β = 3.44% [95% CI: 0.19%, 6.79%]), and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OH-PHE) ( β = 5.78% [95% CI: 1.27%, 10.5%]) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure. Exposures to 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PYR) ( β = 3.05% [95% CI: -4.66%, -1.41%]), 2-OH-PHE ( β = 2.68% [95% CI: -4%, -1.34%]), and 4-OH-PHE ( β = 3% [95% CI: -4.68%, -1.29%]) were negatively associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity. These findings highlight the adverse effects of exposure to multiple pollutants on cardiopulmonary health. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and extracellular superoxide dismutase, mediated the effects of multiple OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function. CONCLUSION Exposure to multiple organic pollutants can adversely affect cardiopulmonary health. Oxidative stress is a key mediator of the effects of OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.
Humans ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Male ; Cross-Over Studies ; Female ; Young Adult ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Adult ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/urine* ; Beijing

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of GSTP1， XRCC1， ABCB1， MTHFR gene polymorphisms on efficacy and toxic effect of chemotherapy regimen containing oxaliplatin in patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ colorectal cancer patients. METHODS Clinical data of 76 patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ colorectal cancer who received chemotherapy regimen containing oxaliplatin （XELOX，FOLFOX） were collected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2018 to March 2020. The correlation of genotypes with progression-free survival （PFS） and toxic effect was analyzed by using univariate and multivariate COX regression model. RESULTS Carriers of the ABCB1 3435T＞C locus C allele （TC/CC） had a significantly higher risk of progression compared to TT genotype patients [HR＝2.39， 95%CI （1.05，5.50）， P＝0.038]. The risk of progression in patients at stage Ⅳ was significantly higher than those at stage Ⅲ [HR＝8.11， 95%CI（3.39，19.40）， P＜0.001]. Chemotherapy regimen， Karnofsky performance status score and tumor site had no significant effect on disease progression （P＞0.05）. Mutations in gene loci were not correlated with adverse reactions （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Patients carrying ABCB1 TC/CC and receiving chemotherapy regimen containing oxaliplatin have a higher risk of disease progression， which may be associated with longer PFS in patients （TT genotype） with stage Ⅳ colorectal cancer receiving the chemotherapy， while GSTP1， XRCC1， and MTHFR gene polymorphisms have no significant impact.

Objective:To compare clinical characteristics,treatment patterns and physiological indicators in bipolar disorder(BD)patients with different age of onset.Methods:Totally 380 patients with DSM-5 BD were se-lected in this study.Psychiatrists diagnosed the patients using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.The clinical information questionnaire and the Global Assessment of Functioning scale were utilized to collected clinical characteristics,treatment status,and physiological indicators.The onset age of BD was divided into 21 and 35 years as cut-off points.Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze related factors.Results:Among the 380 patients with BD,199 cases were early-onset group(52.4％),121 cases were middle-onset group(31.8％),and 60 cases were late-onset group(15.8％).There were 26.6％of patients in the early-onset group in-itially diagnosed as depression,23.1％in the middle-onset group,and 11.7％in the late-onset group.Multivariate analysis revealed that compared to the early-onset group of BD,the middle-onset(OR=2.22)and late-onset(OR=4.99)groups had more risk to experience depressive episodes,and the late-onset group(OR=6.74)had 6.74 times of risk to suffer from bipolar Ⅱ disorder.Additionally,patients in the middle-onset(β=-1.52)and late-on-set(β=-4.29)groups had shorter durations of delayed treatment,and those in the middle-onset(β=-1.62)and late-onset(β=-3.14)groups had fewer hospitalizations.Uric acid levels were lower in both the middle-onset(β=-28.39)and late-onset(β=-31.47)groups,and total cholesterol level was lower in the middle-onset group(β=-0.23).Conclusion:Patients with BD in different age of onset show significant differences in clinical charac-teristics,treatment conditions and physiological indicators.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of kidney sparing treatment based on Thulium laser ablation and systematic therapy in localized high-risk upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods:The data of 10 patients with UTUC who received combined treatment based on Thulium laser and systematic treatment from January 2020 to December 2021 in West China Hospital were retrospectively analysed. There were 5 males and 5 females with a median age of 76 (range 52 to 87)years old. Three cases were renal pelvis tumor and 7 cases were ureter tumor including 5 cases in lower ureter and 2 cases in upper and middle ureter. Five cases were with positive urine cytology and 6 cases were with hydronephrosis. One case was muscular invasion UTUC confirmed by biopsy(cT 2+), 7 cases were high-grade invasive urothelial carcinoma (cT 1+), and 2 cases were high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (cT a). Among 10 cases, 5 patients refused radical nephroureterectomy(RUN), among whom 3 patients were too old or in poor general condition to tolerate RNU. One case had a solitary kidney and 1 case had bilateral tumours. Patients were treated with Thulium laser tumor ablation under ureteroscopy combined with systemic therapy. The perioperative systemic treatment included platinum-based chemotherapy±immunotherapy, RC48+ immunotherapy, and immunotherapy alone. The postoperative treatment was immunotherapy maintenance±local radiotherapy. Strict follow-up was conducted after the completion of treatment. Results:Nine patients received systemic therapy before ablation. Four cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy (cisplatin in 2 cases, carboplatin in 1 case) were used in 3 cases, and platinum-based chemotherapy + immunotherapy (6 cycles of cisplatin + toripalimab in 1 case, 4 cycles of cisplatin + toripalimab in 1 case, 4 cycles of carboplatin+ trelizumab in 1 case) was used in 3 cases, four cycle of RC48 + immunotherapy (toripalimab or trelizumab) were used in 2 cases, and four cycles of immunotherapy (toripalimab) were used in 1 case. The operations of 10 cases were successfully completed without serious complications during the perioperative period and the laser working time (42.4 ± 15.2) min. Of the 10 cases, 4 achieved complete ablation at the first ablation, and 6 patients had incomplete ablation. Among them, 2 patients achieved clinical complete remission after 1-2 cycles of systemic therapy, and 4 patients achieved complete ablation after Thulium laser ablation again.All the 10 patients were treated with immunotherapy for 1 year, and 2 of them received additional adjuvant radiotherapy. The patients were followed-up for median 40 months(range 26 to 53 months). Recurrence occurred in 5 cases, of which 3 cases underwent salvage nephroureterectomy and 2 cases underwent Thulium laser ablation under ureteroscopy again. Five patients had no tumor recurrence. None of the 10 patients had distant metastasis. At the last follow-up, 1 patient died of complications and 6 patients kept the affected kidney alive. Perioperative complications including macroscopic hematuria (8 cases), fever (3 cases), the long-term complications of ureter stenosis (4 cases).Conclusions:For localized high-risk UTUC, local Thulium laser ablation combined with systemic therapy can achieve good tumor control while preserving the affected kidney in selected patients, and its potential application value should be further evaluated.

Objective:To evaluate the influence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on T cell senescence and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods:It was a single center cross sectional study. Patients aged over 18 years old and received hemodialysis for at least 6 months at the Blood Purification Centre of the Department of Nephrology of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2021 to April 2021 were enrolled. Demographic, hematological, nutritional and inflammatory markers were obtained. Anti-CMV-IgM and IgG antibodies were detected using the Roche Elecsys assay. CD28 - T cell was evaluated by flow cytometry. Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for anti-CMV-IgG comparison among groups. Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to assess the relationship between anti-CMV-IgG and CD28 - T cell compartment. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between anti-CMV-IgG and CVD. Results:A total of 438 MHD patients (270 men and 168 women) were enrolled in the study. The median age was 62 (51, 70) years. The median time on hemodialysis was 57 (21, 100) months. The primary diseases included chronic glomerulonephritis [213 cases (48.6%)], diabetic nephropathy [82 cases (18.7%)], polycystic kidney disease [34 cases (7.8%)], hypertensive renal disease [34 cases (7.8%)], etc. Of these patients, 430 (98.2%) were seropositive for anti-CMV-IgG, 206 (47.0%) had anti-CMV-IgG titers exceeding the upper limit of 500 U/ml. Patients aged over 70 years old were 100% seropositive for anti-CMV-IgG. Patients on HD for more than 5 years had a higher seropositive rate of 99.1% than those with shorter HD duration, although these results were not statistically significant. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the anti-CMV-IgG titers in MHD patients were positively correlated with the proportion of CD4 + CD28 - T cells and CD8 + CD28 - T cells ( r=0.316, P<0.001; r=0.272, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and gender, lg[CD4 + CD28 - T cells(%)] and lg[CD8 + CD28 - T cells(%)] were positively correlated with lg[anti-CMV-IgG titers (U/ml)], respectively ( β=0.455, t=8.315, P<0.001; β=0.412, t=7.282, P<0.001). In analyzing the relationship between anti-CMV-IgG titers and CVD, patients were divided into six groups according to age and anti-CMV-IgG level. Group 1 included young patients with a lower anti-CMV-IgG titers (age ≤55 years old, anti-CMV-IgG <400 U/ml); Group 2 included young patients with a higher anti-CMV-IgG titers (age≤55 years old, anti-CMV-IgG ≥400 U/ml); Group 3 included middle-aged patients with a lower anti-CMV-IgG titers (5565 years old, anti-CMV-IgG<400 U/ml); Group 6 included old aged patients with a higher anti-CMV-IgG titers (age>65 years old, anti-CMV-IgG≥400 U/ml). The incidence of CVD was significantly different among the six groups ( χ2=18.780, P=0.002) and patients aged over 55 years old with higher anti-CMV-IgG level had a higher CVD incidence compared with group 1 ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased age ( OR=1.020, 95% CI 1.002-1.038, P=0.033), male ( OR=1.855, 95% CI 1.161-2.965, P=0.010), history of diabetes ( OR=1.867, 95% CI 1.145-3.046, P=0.012), increased lg[NT-proBNP(μg/L)] ( OR=2.848, 95% CI 1.816-4.467, P<0.001) and lg[anti-CMV-IgG (U/ml)] ( OR=3.183, 95% CI 1.582- 6.405, P=0.001) were independent factors associated with CVD in MHD patients. Conclusions:CMV infection is extremely common in MHD patients. Increased anti-CMV-IgG is related to T cell senescence and CVD complications in MHD patients.

Objective: To characterize the incidence density of systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Yinzhou District of Ningbo from 2016 to 2021, and compare the age and gender specific differences. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the related data from 2015 to 2021 collected from the Health Information Platform of Yinzhou. Suspected SLE cases in local residents were identified by fuzzy matching of International Classification of Diseases 10^th edition code "M32" or Chinese text "lupus". The classification criteria from Systemic Lupus International Collaboration Clinics-2012 and The European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology-2019 were used for case verification. SLE cases were identified with specific algorithm based on verification results, and new cases were identified with 1 year as the washout period. The incidence density and 95%CI were estimated by Poisson distribution. Results: From 2016 to 2021, a total of 1 551 921 permanent residents were registered in Yinzhou, in whom 51.52% were women. The M(Q₁,Q₃) age at enrollment was 40.38 (27.54, 53.54) years. The M(Q₁,Q₃) of follow-up person-years was 3.83 (0.41, 5.83) years. There were 451 new SLE cases, in which 352 were women (78.05%). The 6-year incidence density was 8.14/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 7.41/100 000 person-years-8.93/100 000 person-years) for the total population, 3.68/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 2.99/100 000 person-years-4.48/100 000 person-years) for men and 12.37/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 11.11/100 000 person-years- 13.73/100 000 person-years) for women. The incidence density in men appeared a small peak at 20-29 years old, and began to increase with age from 40 years old. The incidence density in women was highest in age group 20-29 years (16.57/100 000 person-years) and remained to be high until 30-79 years old. The incidence density of SLE in Yinzhou show no significant temporal trend from 2016 to 2021 (men: P=0.848; women: P=1.000). Conclusions: The incidence density of SLE in Yinzhou from 2016 to 2021 was similar to those of other areas in China. SLE has a high incidence in women, especially in the young and elderly, suggesting that more attention should be paid to the diagnosis and treatment of SLE in women.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Asian People ; Incidence ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; China/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To externally validate and compare the accuracy of the China-PAR (Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China) model and the 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) cardiovascular disease risk charts for East Asian in predicting a 10-year cardiovascular disease in a general Chinese population. Methods: Participants aged 40-79 years without prior cardiovascular disease at baseline in the CHinese Electronic health Records Research in Yinzhou (CHERRY) were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated the observed cardiovascular events (including non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, and non-fatal or fatal stroke) rate within ten years. The expected risks were calculated using the WHO risk charts for East Asia (including the laboratory-based and non-laboratory-based models) and the China-PAR model. The expected-observed ratios were calculated to evaluate the overestimation or underestimation of the models in the cohort. Model accuracy was assessed by discrimination C-index, calibration χ² value, and calibration plots. Results: During a median of 7.26 years of follow-up, 13 301 cardiovascular events were identified among 225 811 participants. The C-index for the China-PAR model, WHO laboratory-based model and WHO non-laboratory-based model were 0.741 (0.735-0.747), 0.747 (0.740-0.753), and 0.739 (0.733-0.746) for men, and 0.782 (0.776-0.788), 0.789 (0.783-0.795), and 0.782 (0.776-0.787) for women, respectively. The WHO laboratory-based model and non-laboratory-based model underestimated the 10-year ASCVD risk by around 15% in women and underestimated by 0.8% and 4.4% in men, respectively. The China-PAR model underestimated the risks by 19.5% and 42.3% for men and women. Conclusions: The China-PAR and WHO models all have pretty good discriminations for 10-year cardiovascular risk assessment in this general Chinese population. However, the accuracy should be improved in the highest-risk groups, suggesting further specific models are still needed for those with the highest risk, such as patients with diabetes or older persons.
Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; World Health Organization

Objective: To describe the distribution and trend of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults in the Yinzhou district from 2011 to 2020 and compare the incidence differences in different ages and genders. Methods: Using the retrospective cohort design, we collected all new cases diagnosed with RA between 2011 to 2020 from the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform (YRHIP). Poisson distribution was used to estimate RA's incidence density and 95%CI. Results: From 2011 to 2020, 1 280 012 permanent residents in Yinzhou district were included, of which 665 361 were female (51.98%). The total follow-up person-years were 7 198 513.61, and the median follow-up person-year was 5.41 years (P₂₅=3.50, P₇₅=8.32). During the study period, there were 2 350 new cases of RA, of which 1 460 were female (62.13%). The 10-year incidence density of the population was 32.65/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 31.34/100 000 person-years-33.99/100 000 person-years), that of females was 39.17/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 37.19/100 000 person-years-41.24/100 000 person-years), and that of the male was 25.64/100 000 person-years (95%CI: 23.98/100 000 person-years-27.38/100 000 person-years), the gender difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The incidence risk in all age groups above 30 years old was higher than that in the 18-29 years old group (P<0.001), and the incidence risk increased with age from 18-79 years old while decreased slightly with age ≥80 years old. The lowest incidence density was 15.30/100 000 person-years in 2013 (95%CI:12.62/100 000 person-years-18.38/100 000 person- years), and the highest was 56.70/100 000 person-years in 2016 (95%CI: 51.24/100 000 person- years - 62.58/100 000 person-years), with statistically significant differences among different years (P=0.004). Conclusions: From 2011 to 2020, the incidence density of RA in adults in Yinzhou district first increased, then decreased, and tended to stabilize. There were differences in incidence density in different years, ages, and genders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the promotion effect of laparoscopic standardized surgery for gastric cancer observational in some regional medical centers in Shanghai. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Eleven regional medical centers in Shanghai received the promotion program of laparoscopic standardized surgery for gastric cancer, which was led by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center) from January to December 2020. Clinicopathological data of gastric cancer patients treated at these 11 regional medical centers before and after the promotion program were collected. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients undergoing laparoscopic distal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy; gastric cancer confirmed by pathology; without distant metastasis or peritoneal metastasis. Patients who did not undergo laparoscopic D2 radical resection, or received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery, or without complete clinical data were excluded. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery from January to December 2019 were included in the pre-promotion group (46 cases). Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery from January to December 2021 were included in the post-promotion group (102 cases). In addition, patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery at Ruijin Hospital from January 2021 to December were included in the control group (138 cases). The baseline data, perioperative measurements postoperative complications, and pathological results of the three groups were analyzed and compared. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics among the three groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the pre-promotion group, the operation time in post-promotion group was significantly shorter [(207.3±36.0) minutes vs. (254.2±47.1) minutes, t=7.038,P<0.001], and the number of harvested lymph node was significantly more (24.4±12.2 vs. 18.9±5.5, t=2.900, P=0.004). However, there were no significant differences in the extent of resection, time to fluid intake, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the operation time [(207.3±36.0) minutes vs (172.6±26.0) minutes, t=8.281, P<0.001], time to fluid intake [(6.3±3.2) days than (5.5±3.0) days, t=2.029, P=0.044], and the postoperative hospital stay [(14.3±5.6) days vs. (10.1±4.8) days, t=6.036, P<0.001] in the post- promotion group were still longer. Total gastrectomy was less common in the post-promotion group compared with the control group [18 cases (17.6%) vs. 41 cases (29.7%), χ²=7.380, P=0.007]. However, there was no significant difference in the number of harvested lymph node between the two groups (P>0.05). The morbidity of postoperative complication in the post-promotion group (9.8%, 10/102) was significantly lower than that in the pre-promotion group (23.9%, 11/46) (χ²=5.183, P=0.023), while above morbidity was not significantly different between the post-promotion group and the control group [9.8% vs. 6.5% (9/138), χ²=0.867, P=0.352]. Conclusion: After the promotion of laparoscopic standardized surgery for gastric cancer in regional medical centers, the standardization degree of surgery has been improved, and the morbidity of postoperative complication decreases. Laparoscopic standardized surgery for gastric cancer can be promoted to more regional medical centers.
China ; Gastrectomy/methods* ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision/methods* ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Treatment Outcome