A virus was successfully isolated from a sick cat exhibiting clinical signs such as oral mu-cosal ulceration,nasal mucosal redness,and increased nasal secretions utilizing F81 cells.Through a comprehensive analysis as such PCR amplication,sequencing,morphology,serology,and animal re-gression tests,the virus was identified as a feline calicivirus and named FCV-BJ,an inactivated vac-cine was developed from this isolated strain its safety and efficacy were assessed.The results re-vealed that the isolated FCV-BJ strain exhibited characteristic serological and morphological fea-tures consistent with caliciviruses.Furthermore,inoculation of cats with the FCV-BJ demonstrated the strain is highly virulent and the cats manifested the clinical signs of feline calicivirus infection.For the vaccination trial,domestic cats were immunized with inactivated fifth-generation virus cell culture at varying dilutions,followed by a booster immunization after 21 days.Fourteen days after the challenge with the virus,cats immunized with 107.0 TCID50/mL or higher remained largely healthy,while all cats in the control group developed clinical signs of FCV.These findings suggest that the inactivated vaccine derived from the FCV-BJ isolate exhibits strong immunogenicity and protective efficacy at a minimum immunization dose of 107.0 TCID50/mL.This strain holds promise as a candidate for vaccine production,providing a valuable reference and foundation for future re-search and development of feline calicivirus vaccines.

By applying "homeostasis" to the study of the meridian and collateral system， the concept of meridian and collateral homeostasis has been proposed which refers to a balanced and stable state of meridian and collateral system， and plays an important role in maintaining body health and can provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Phenomics realizes the cross-scale correlation from micro-phenotypic data， such as genome， proteome， and metabolome， to macro-phenotypic data， such as physiological state， behavioral activities， and external manifestations. From the perspective of phenomics， this paper proposes a meridian and collateral homeostasis dynamic mapping model of "macroscopic signs and microscopic expression". This model combines macro signs such as the four examinations of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， biophysical indicators of acupoints， and micro expression information such as genes， proteins， and metabolism， and systematically investigates the relationship between meridian and collateral homeostasis and health and disease， thereby providing ideas and references for the identification of pre-disease states as well as precise diagnosis and treatment in TCM.

Alzheimer' s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that gradually impairs cognitive functions. Recently, there has been a conceptual shift toward AD to view the disease as a continuum. Since AD is currently incurable, effective intervention to delay or prevent pathological cognitive decline may best target the early stages of symptomatic disease, such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD), in which cognitive function remains relatively intact. Diagnostic methods for identifying AD, such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and positron emission tomography, are invasive and expensive. Therefore, it is imperative to develop blood biomarkers that are sensitive, less invasive, easier to access, and more cost effective for AD diagnosis. This review aimed to summarize the current data on whether individuals with SCD differ reliably and effectively in subjective and objective performances compared to cognitively normal elderly individuals, and to find one or more convenient and accessible blood biomarkers so that researchers can identify SCD patients with preclinical AD in the population as soon as possible. Owing to the heterogeneity and complicated pathogenesis of AD, it is difficult to make reliable diagnoses using only a single blood marker. This review provides an overview of the progress achieved to date with the use of SCD blood biomarkers in patients with preclinical AD, highlighting the key areas of application and current challenges.

Objective:To investigate the correlations of urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) with apolipoprotein E (ApoE) allele and cognitive function in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:Two hundred and fifty-nine AD patients or patients at prodromal AD stage, including SCD ( n=148), MCI ( n=65), and AD ( n=46), admitted to Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2019 to January 2021, were chosen. Results of neuropsychological assessment, ApoE alleles and urinary AD7c-NTP level were collected in all subjects. Correlations of AD7c-NTP with grading of ApoE alleles and neuropsychological assessment results were analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation. Results:Urinary AD7c-NTP level in AD group was significantly higher than that in MCI group and SCD group ( P<0.05). ApoE genotype test showed that, in these 259 subjects, 24 had ApoE genotype grading 1, 150 had APOE genotype grading 2, 10 had APOE genotype grading 3, and 75 had APOE genotype grading 4; compared with patients with ApoE genotype grading 1 and 2, patients with ApoE genotype grading 4 had significantly increased urinary AD7c-NTP level ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that urine AD7c-NTP level was positively correlated with ApoE genotype grading ( r s=0.264, P<0.001). Urinary AD7c-NTP level was negatively correlated with scores of Montreal cognitive assessment, auditory verbal learning test-N5, animal verbal fluency test and Boston naming test ( P<0.05), and positively correlated with shape trails tests-A and shape trails tests-B scores ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In AD patients or patients at prodromal AD stage, the higher the urinary AD7c-NTP level, the higher the ApoE genotype grading and the greater the decline in cognitive function.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells and transfusion adverse reactions by analyzing the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions of patients after leukodepleted red blood cells transfusion from four hospitals. 【Methods】 By using the electronic medical record management system, the collection and transfusion dates of leukodepleted red blood cells from four hospitals in Enshi Prefecture from 2018 to 2022, as well as the information on transfusion adverse reactions, were retrieved. 【Results】 From 2018 to 2022, a total of 697 61 bags of leukodepleted red blood cells were transfused in four hospitals, resulting in 166 cases of transfusion adverse reactions, among which 93 were allergic reactions, 63 were non hemolytic febrile reactions, and 10 were others, with a total incidence rate of transfusion adverse reactions at 0.24%. The average storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells with and without transfusion adverse reactions was (20.25±6.31) and (19.88±5.50) days, respectively. With a storage time of 7 days as the threshold, the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions was the lowest for a storage time of 15~21 days. The incidence of transfusion adverse reactions of leukodepleted red blood cells in two groups (with storage days ≤21 days and >21 days) was not statistically significant(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Allergic reactions were the main type of transfusion adverse reaction caused by leukodepleted red blood cells, and the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions decreased and then increased with the prolongation of the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells. There was no significant difference in the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions with leukodepleted red blood cells stored for ≤ 21 days and >21 days.

Objective To understand the basic information on radiological health technical service institutions in Shaanxi Province, China and analyze the main problems, and to strengthen the capacity building of radiological health technical service institutions in Shaanxi Province. Methods The radiological health technical service institutions registered in Shaanxi Province were investigated and analyzed by means of a questionnaire and literature review. Results There were 20 radiological health technical service institutions in Shaanxi Province, including 7 state-owned ones and 13 privately owned ones; of all the institutions, there were 3 disease control institutions, and 15 institutions obtaining the qualification of radiation protection evaluation, radiation health protection testing, and individual dose monitoring at the same time. The total number of radiation workers in the institution was 237, including 48.5% aged less than 35, 68.8% with bachelor degree or above, 54.4% with intermediate professional title or above, 26.5% with a major related to radiation protection, and 79.3% with national and provincial training. The institutions were equipped with 309 testing instruments, of which the radiation diagnostic performance testing equipment accounted for the largest proportion (52.4%). Conclusion The service scope and capacity of radiological health technical service institutions in Shaanxi Province can meet the current needs of the province, but the institutions need to be improved in terms of personnel, equipment, and service quality. The quality control of institutions needs to be strengthened to standardize the service behavior in the whole province.

Objective:To investigate the effects of a perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy on complications of cesarean section, maternal coagulation function and serum inflammatory indexes.Methods:A total of 250 pregnant women who were subjected to cesarean section in Zhoushan Hospital between June 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. The 125 pregnant women who gave birth using a routine simple thermal insulation strategy from June to November 2020 were assigned to the routine simple thermal insulation group, and those who gave birth using a perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy were assigned to whole course composite thermal insulation group. Two groups of pregnant women underwent cesarean section under subarachnoid block. Volume of intraoperative blood loss was recorded. The incidence of complications such as shivering and postoperative infection was calculated. Platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time measured before surgery and 48 hours after surgery were compared between the two groups. Peripheral blood white blood cell count, neutrophil count (N%), C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 measured 48 hours after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results:Volume of intraoperative blood loss in the whole course composite thermal insulation group was significantly lower than that in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(393.84 ± 79.78) mL vs. (434.80 ± 123.49) mL, t = 3.11, P < 0.05). The incidence of shivering and postoperative infection in the whole course composite thermal insulation group was 10.4% (13/125) and 7.2% (9/125), respectively, which was significantly lower than that in the routine simple thermal insulation group [25.6% (32/125), 18.4% (23/125), χ 2 = 9.78, 7.02, both P < 0.05]. At 48 hours after surgery, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time in the whole course composite thermal insulation group were (10.28 ± 0.48) seconds, (26.97 ± 2.27) seconds, and (14.09 ± 1.36) seconds, respectively, which were significantly shorter than those in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(11.71 ± 0.27) seconds, (27.96 ± 2.25) seconds, (15.91 ± 1.09) seconds, t = 7.34, 3.43, 11.66, all P < 0.05]. At 48 hours after surgery, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6 in the whole course composite thermal insulation group were (10.38 ± 2.38) ×10 9/L,(0.79 ± 0.06), (52.79 ± 20.73) mg/L, (0.13±0.42) μg/L, and (55.73 ± 24.38) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(12.24 ± 7.05) × 10 9/L, 0.81 ± 0.05, (65.38 ± 25.92) mg/L, (0.20 ± 0.97) μg/L, (76.22 ± 39.08) ng/L, t = 2.79, 2.92, 4.24, 8.12, 4.97, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy can improve the coagulation function of pregnant women who are subjected to cesarean section under subarachnoid block, reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss, and decrease incidence of shivering, inflammatory reaction, and postoperative infection.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism and the change of grey matter volume (GMV) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with subcortical ischemic depression (SID).Methods:Eighty-seven CSVD patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled from July 2017 to November 2020 and divided into CSVD-SID group [Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score>10] and CSVD-non - depression group (CSVD-ND group, GDS score≤10) according to GDS. Both GMV and fALFF were calculated based on structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data, and the interactions between SID diagnosis and BDNF gene on brain function and structure alteration were explored.Results:GMV was significantly increased in the posterior default network (pDMN; such as posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus and middle temporal gyrus) in the CSVD-SID group compared with the CSVD-ND group. On GMV property, significant interactions between BDNF gene and SID were found in the cuneus ( F=25.50, P<0.001), precuneus lobe ( F=13.61, P<0.001) and cerebellum ( F=17.23, P<0.001). In the aspect of fALFF, the brain functional activity in the superior frontal gyrus was significantly increased in the CSVD-SID group compared with that in the CSVD-ND group (0.363±0.648 vs -0.427±0.514,cluster size=48 voxels, t=5.63, P<0.001). But there was no significant interaction between diagnosis and BDNF genotype on brain function. Conclusions:Both the GMV and fALFF were increased in CSVD-SID, mainly located in the pDMN and frontal lobe. Significant interaction was found between CSVD-SID and BDNF genotype on GMV.

Objective:To quantitatively analyze the protein expression changes of the optic nerve in an SD rat model of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), and to make bioinformatics analysis of the differential proteins.Methods:Ten 8-week-old SPF male SD rats with a body mass of 200-250 g were selected.The NAION model was established using the method of rose bengal and laser photodynamics.Four from the 8 rats with successful model were selected as the NAION model group.Another 4 body weight- and age-matched healthy SD rats without eye diseases were taken as the normal control group.The optic nerve was dissected on the 7th day after modeling.The samples were prepared by the enzyme digestion method, and the proteins were identified and quantitatively detected by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The proteins with expression fold greater than 1.5 times and significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05) were defined as differentially expressed proteins and analyzed by bioinformatics.The use and care of animals complied with Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by the State Science and Technology Commission of China.The study protocol was approved by an Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.TJYY2021041029). Results:Three days after modeling, the optic disc of rats was swollen and fluorescein leakage in the optic disc was detected in fluorescein fundus angiography images in the NAION model group, which indicated the model was established successfully.A total of 1 291 quantifiable proteins including 80 differentially expressed proteins were identified.Compared with the normal control group, there were 5 up-regulated proteins and 75 down-regulated proteins.The expression levels of collagen alpha-1(V) chain (Col5A1), cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta (Prkacb) and disks large homolog 1(Dlg1) were increased, and the expression levels of neurofilament medium polypeptide (Nefm), microtubule-associated protein 1B (Map1b), Ras-related protein Ral-A (Rala), serine/threonine-protein kinase N2 (Pkn2) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta (Pafah1b1) were decreased.Differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in the biological processes, including regulation of the cytoskeleton, cellular response to hypoxia, axon production and extension, regulation of synapse, regulation of neuron apoptosis and axo-dendritic transport, etc.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in metabolic pathways, synaptic vesicle circulation and platelet activation.Conclusions:The expression of proteins related to signal pathways such as nerve growth, energy metabolism, axo-dendritic transport and apoptosis is involved in the apoptosis of neurons in NAION.

Objective:To observe the expression of S100A8 in plasma exosomes, microvesicles (MV), plasma and vitreous in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), and verify it in a diabetic rat model, and to preliminarily explore its role in the occurrence and development of DR.Methods:A case-control study. From September 2018 to December 2019, a total of 73 patients with type 2 diabetes, hospitalized patients undergoing vitrectomy, and healthy physical examinations in the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital were included in the study. Among them, plasma were collected from 32 patients and vitreous fluid were collected from 41 patients, which were divided into plasma sample research cohort and vitreous sample research cohort. The subjects were divided into simple diabetes group (DM group), non-proliferative DR group (NPDR group) and proliferative DR group (PDR group) without fundus changes; healthy subjects were regarded as normal control group (NC group). In the study cohort of vitreous samples, the control group was the vitreous humor of patients with epimacular membrane or macular hole. Plasma exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) were separated using ultracentrifugation. Transmission electron microscopy, nanometer particle size analyzer and Western blot (WB) were used to characterize exosomes and MVs. The mass concentration of S100A8 was determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Eighteen healthy male Brown Norway rats were divided into normal control group and diabetic group with 9 rats in each group by random number table method. The rats of diabetes group were induced by streptozotocin to establish diabetic model. Five months after modeling, immunohistochemical staining and WB were used to detect the expression of S100A8 in the retina of rats in the normal control group and the diabetes group. t test was used for the comparison of measurement data between the two groups. Single-factor analysis of variance were used for the comparison of multiple groups of measurement data.parison of measurement data between the two groups. Single-factor analysis of variance were used for the comparison of multiple groups of measurement data. Results:Exosomes and MVs with their own characteristics were successfully separated from plasma. The concentrations of plasma exosomes and vitreous S100A8 in the PDR group were higher than those in the NPDR group, DM group, NC group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.039, 0.020, 0.002, 0.002, P<0.000,<0.000). In the plasma sample cohort study, It was not statistically significant that the overall comparison of the S100A8 mass concentrations of plasma and plasma MV in the four groups of subjects ( F=0.283, 0.015; P=0.836, 0.996). Immunohistochemical staining showed that retinal ganglion cells, bipolar cells, cone rod cells and vascular endothelial cells in the diabetic group all expressed S100A8 protein. Compared with the normal control group, the expression level of S100A8 in the retina of the diabetic group increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=8.028, P=0.001). Conclusions:The level of S100A8 protein in circulating exosomes increases significantly with the severity of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. S100A8 may be an influential factor in the inflammatory environment of DR and a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic target.