OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of gastrodin against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal mice and explore the role of GPX4/SLC7A11/FTH1 signaling in mediating its effect. METHODS: Twenty-four 9- to 11-day-old C57BL/6J mice were randomized equally into 4 groups for sham operation, HIBD modeling by right common carotid artery ligation and subsequent exposure to hypoxia for 1 h, or gastrodin treatment at 100 or 200 mg/kg before and at 1 and 2 days after modeling. The mice then underwent neurological assessment (Zea-Longa scores), and the cerebral cortical penumbra tissue were collected for HE and Nissl staining, detection of ferroptosis biomarkers and protein expressions of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 with Western blotting and immunofluorescence co-localization, and observation of mitochondrial ultrastructure with electron microscopy. In cultured HT22 neuronal cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 2 h, the effects of pretreatments with 0.5 mmol/L gastrodin, 10 μmol/L RSL3 (a GPX4 inhibitor), alone or in combination, were analyzed on expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins, cellular Fe²⁺, ROS, lipid peroxidation, MDA, and GSH levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1), and cell viability. RESULTS: Gastrodin treatment at the two doses both significantly ameliorated HIBD and neurological deficits of the mice, reduced mitochondrial damage and Fe²⁺, MDA and ROS levels, increased GSH level, and upregulated GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 protein expressions. In HT22 cells, gastrodin pretreatment obviously attenuated OGD-induced ferroptosis and improved cell viability and mitochondrial function. Co-treatment with RSL3 potently abrogated the inhibitory effects of gastrodin on Fe²⁺, ROS, BODIPY-C11, and MDA levels and attenuated its protective effects on GSH level, cell viability, and mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSIONS Gastrodin provides neuroprotective effects in neonatal mice with HIBD by suppressing neuronal ferroptosis via upregulating the GPX4/SLC7A11/FTH1 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Ferroptosis/drug effects* ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/drug therapy* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ; Glucosides/pharmacology* ; Animals, Newborn ; Benzyl Alcohols/pharmacology* ; Amino Acid Transport System y+/metabolism*

Objective:To explore the structural relationship between WMSDs in the upper limbs and various risk factors in the occupational population in China, based on a large sample epidemiological survey and structural equation analysis, and to establish a structural equation model, so as to lay a foundation for the prevention and control of such diseases.Methods:The Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Electronic Questionnaire was used to conduct a nationwide survey on the prevalence of WMSDs in the upper extremity. Six factors related to WMSDs in the upper extremity were extracted by the classification standard of adverse ergonomic factors and their source and confirmatory factor analysis, including work organization, work type, upper extremity work posture, individual factors, upper extremity fatigue and upper extremity WMSDs. The structural equation analysis was carried out and the structural equation model was established.Results:The incidence of WMSDs and fatigue in the upper limbs was 24.44% and 43.76%, respectively. The adjusted structural equation model fitting indicators were generally up to the standard (GFI=1.000, AGFI=1.000, RMSEA=0.043, NFI=0.808, TLI=0.784) . The four exogenous latent variables of work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and individual factors were correlated. There was a strong positive correlation between job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.865) , a moderate positive correlation between work organization and job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.570, 0.490) , and a weak negative correlation between individual factors and the other three exogenous latent variables. Upper limb work posture and individual factors had direct effects on upper limb WMSDs, and the effect coefficients were 0.10 and 0.06, respectively. Upper limb fatigue played a mediating role between work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and upper limb WMSDs. The effect coefficient was 0.46, and the composition ratios of indirect effects were 100.0%, 100.0%, and 38.3%, respectively. The direct path effect of upper limb work posture, individual factors and upper limb WMSDs was weaker than the mediating path through upper limb fatigue. Conclusion:When carrying out the prevention and control of upper limbWMSDs, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the pathogenesis path of upper limb muscle fatigue and upper limb WMSDs caused by work organization, work type, and upper limb work posture, so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the prevention and control level of such diseases.

Objective:To investigete the relationship between different physical activity(PA)and bone mineral density(BMD)at various skeletal sites,providing evidence for the prevention and improvement of bone health.Methods:Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)from 2007 to 2018 was used,and 7 692 participants aged≥20 were included.Multivariable linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between different PA and BMD at the femoral neck,total hip,and lumbar spine across different genders.Statistical modeling employed a sequential variable inclusion approach:Model 1 included age,race/ethnicity,and body mass index,while Model 2 further incorporated calcium intake,marital status,smoking status,dietary inflammatory index,and serum phosphate levels.Results:PA showed statistically significant differences across age,gender,body mass index,race,marital status,smoking,and dietary inflammatory index(P＜0.05).Among females,low-intensity PA showed a positive association with femoral neck BMD in both Model 1 and Model 2(P＜0.05),but no significant correlation was found between low-intensity PA and total hip BMD(P＞0.05).High-intensity PA exhibited an inverse association with femoral neck and total hip BMD(P＜0.05),though this was only observed in Model 1.No significant association was detected between different PA intensities and lumbar spine BMD(P＞0.05).Among males,high-intensity PA showed a positive correlation with lumbar spine BMD(P＜0.05),but this association was only significant in Model 2.No significant association were observed between low-intensity PA and lumbar spine BMD in either Model 1 or Model 2(P＞0.05).Additionally,no significant association were found between different PA intensities and femoral neck or total hip BMD(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The relationship between PA and BMD varies by sex and skeletal site.Low-intensity PA is positively associated with femoral neck BMD in females,while high-intensity PA is positively correlated with lumbar spine BMD in males.

Objective:To investigete the relationship between different physical activity(PA)and bone mineral density(BMD)at various skeletal sites,providing evidence for the prevention and improvement of bone health.Methods:Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)from 2007 to 2018 was used,and 7 692 participants aged≥20 were included.Multivariable linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between different PA and BMD at the femoral neck,total hip,and lumbar spine across different genders.Statistical modeling employed a sequential variable inclusion approach:Model 1 included age,race/ethnicity,and body mass index,while Model 2 further incorporated calcium intake,marital status,smoking status,dietary inflammatory index,and serum phosphate levels.Results:PA showed statistically significant differences across age,gender,body mass index,race,marital status,smoking,and dietary inflammatory index(P＜0.05).Among females,low-intensity PA showed a positive association with femoral neck BMD in both Model 1 and Model 2(P＜0.05),but no significant correlation was found between low-intensity PA and total hip BMD(P＞0.05).High-intensity PA exhibited an inverse association with femoral neck and total hip BMD(P＜0.05),though this was only observed in Model 1.No significant association was detected between different PA intensities and lumbar spine BMD(P＞0.05).Among males,high-intensity PA showed a positive correlation with lumbar spine BMD(P＜0.05),but this association was only significant in Model 2.No significant association were observed between low-intensity PA and lumbar spine BMD in either Model 1 or Model 2(P＞0.05).Additionally,no significant association were found between different PA intensities and femoral neck or total hip BMD(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The relationship between PA and BMD varies by sex and skeletal site.Low-intensity PA is positively associated with femoral neck BMD in females,while high-intensity PA is positively correlated with lumbar spine BMD in males.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To enhance the qualified rate of preoperative bladder filling and improve the experience of embryo transfer by implementing a nursing intervention based on the root cause analysis and plan-do-check-act(RCA-PDCA)cycle.Methods A before-after comparative study was conducted among the patients who received embryo transfer at a Tire-ⅢA specialist hospital between January and April 2024.The patient who received embryo transfer between January and February 2024(n=130)were assigned to the control group with routine nursing.Those who received embryo transfer between March and April 2024 were assigned to the trial group(n=136)with nursing intervention based on RCA-PDCA.The two groups were compared in terms of the qualified rate of bladder filling,endometrial visualisation rate,instrument-assisted transfer rate and level of comfort.Results A total of 126 women in the control group and 131 in the trial group completed the study.The patient in the trial group demonstrated significantly higher qualified rate of bladder filling and endometrial visualisation rate in comparison with those in the control group(70.2％vs.38.1％,81.7％vs.51.6％,respectively).The trial group also had lower rates in both of the instrument-assisted transfer and the incidence of mild pain than those in the control group(2.3％vs.7.9％,32.1％vs.53.2％,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusion RCA-PDCA is effective in improving preoperative bladder filling and endometrial visualisation,reducing instrument-assisted transfer and enhancing preoperative bladder comfort in the women receiving embryo transfer.

Objective To enhance the qualified rate of preoperative bladder filling and improve the experience of embryo transfer by implementing a nursing intervention based on the root cause analysis and plan-do-check-act(RCA-PDCA)cycle.Methods A before-after comparative study was conducted among the patients who received embryo transfer at a Tire-ⅢA specialist hospital between January and April 2024.The patient who received embryo transfer between January and February 2024(n=130)were assigned to the control group with routine nursing.Those who received embryo transfer between March and April 2024 were assigned to the trial group(n=136)with nursing intervention based on RCA-PDCA.The two groups were compared in terms of the qualified rate of bladder filling,endometrial visualisation rate,instrument-assisted transfer rate and level of comfort.Results A total of 126 women in the control group and 131 in the trial group completed the study.The patient in the trial group demonstrated significantly higher qualified rate of bladder filling and endometrial visualisation rate in comparison with those in the control group(70.2％vs.38.1％,81.7％vs.51.6％,respectively).The trial group also had lower rates in both of the instrument-assisted transfer and the incidence of mild pain than those in the control group(2.3％vs.7.9％,32.1％vs.53.2％,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusion RCA-PDCA is effective in improving preoperative bladder filling and endometrial visualisation,reducing instrument-assisted transfer and enhancing preoperative bladder comfort in the women receiving embryo transfer.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To explore the structural relationship between WMSDs in the upper limbs and various risk factors in the occupational population in China, based on a large sample epidemiological survey and structural equation analysis, and to establish a structural equation model, so as to lay a foundation for the prevention and control of such diseases.Methods:The Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Electronic Questionnaire was used to conduct a nationwide survey on the prevalence of WMSDs in the upper extremity. Six factors related to WMSDs in the upper extremity were extracted by the classification standard of adverse ergonomic factors and their source and confirmatory factor analysis, including work organization, work type, upper extremity work posture, individual factors, upper extremity fatigue and upper extremity WMSDs. The structural equation analysis was carried out and the structural equation model was established.Results:The incidence of WMSDs and fatigue in the upper limbs was 24.44% and 43.76%, respectively. The adjusted structural equation model fitting indicators were generally up to the standard (GFI=1.000, AGFI=1.000, RMSEA=0.043, NFI=0.808, TLI=0.784) . The four exogenous latent variables of work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and individual factors were correlated. There was a strong positive correlation between job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.865) , a moderate positive correlation between work organization and job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.570, 0.490) , and a weak negative correlation between individual factors and the other three exogenous latent variables. Upper limb work posture and individual factors had direct effects on upper limb WMSDs, and the effect coefficients were 0.10 and 0.06, respectively. Upper limb fatigue played a mediating role between work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and upper limb WMSDs. The effect coefficient was 0.46, and the composition ratios of indirect effects were 100.0%, 100.0%, and 38.3%, respectively. The direct path effect of upper limb work posture, individual factors and upper limb WMSDs was weaker than the mediating path through upper limb fatigue. Conclusion:When carrying out the prevention and control of upper limbWMSDs, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the pathogenesis path of upper limb muscle fatigue and upper limb WMSDs caused by work organization, work type, and upper limb work posture, so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the prevention and control level of such diseases.

Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among the occupational population in China's key industries during the period from 2018 to 2023, and to provide data support for the formulation of targeted prevention strategies.Methods:Between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2023, a cross-sectional epidemiological survey and a retrospective investigation were conducted in seven geographical regions of North China, East China, Central China, South China, Southwest China, Northwest China, and Northeast China, using a combination of epidemiological cross-sectional and retrospective surveys. The industries were stratified according to the degree of closeness to WMSDs, the size of the occupational population, and the importance of the national economy, and then cluster sampling was conducted according to the size of the enterprises (large, medium, and small) within each stratum. Representative enterprises were selected, and workers who had been employed for more than one year and met the inclusion criteria were selected as the study subjects. The survey subjects completed the Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Survey Questionnaire online by scanning a QR code. A total of 88, 609 valid questionnaires were collected. Continuous data were described by means and standard deviations, and the standardized incidence rates of WMSDs were evaluated using chi-square tests to compare the standardized incidence rates of different body parts.Results:The standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs among the frontline working population in China was 36.7%, with the top three being the neck (21.37%), shoulders (18.23%), and lower back (14.92%). There was a statistically significant difference in the standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs between different body parts (χ 2=47577.82, P<0.05). The lowest standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs was found in the southeast coastal region of China (32.54%), while the highest was in the northwest (49.70%) and northeast regions (46.16%). The standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs decreased from 42.88% in 2018 to 29.94% in 2023. The micro-enterprise observation group had a higher concentration of WMSDs in the neck (20.66%), lower back (17.95%), and shoulders (17.79%), while the large enterprise observation group had a higher concentration in the neck (20.54%), shoulders (17.52%), and lower back (14.65%). Among the industries surveyed, the highest standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs was found in the healthcare industry (53.18%), followed by the toy manufacturing industry (50.54%), the automotive manufacturing industry (43.39%), general aviation services (42.71%), and the ship and related equipment manufacturing industry (40.56%). The standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs among women was significantly higher than that of men ( OR value=1.44, P<0.05). In addition, the standardized prevalence rate of WMSDs with multiple affected body parts (four or more body parts affected simultaneously) was higher, and the risk of WMSDs increased with subjective fatigue, showing a significant "S-shaped" trend (the OR value was 2.19, 3.16, 4.71, 5.49, and 3.97 when the RPE was 13, 15, 17, 19, and 20, respectively. χ 2trend=17.23, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The distribution characteristics of WMSDs in key industries in China show obvious differences in different parts, regions, time, enterprise scale, industry and population attributes. Agriculture, pharmaceutical manufacturing, packaging and decoration and other printing industries have a high proportion of WMSDs in multiple parts at the same time and in a single site. It is necessary to study and implement precise preventive measures according to specific regions, industries and enterprise scales, as well as the characteristics of multi-site WMSDs, so as to effectively protect the health and well-being of the working population.