ObjectiveBased on the TCM theory of "Yang transforms materials to Qi while Yin constitutes material form"， this paper explored the effects of Zuogui Wan and Yougui Wan on the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial biogenesis during the adipogenic differentiation process of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） by mediating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α （PGC-1α） and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ （PPARγ）， providing theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMOP） using Zuogui Wan and Yougui Wan. MethodsBMSCs were divided into a blank group， Zuogui Wan （ZGW） group， Yougui Wan （YGW） group， and Progynova group. Cell identification was performed using flow cytometry. The growth curves of BMSCs were plotted using the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） method， and the effects of Zuogui Wan and Yougui Wan on the proliferation of BMSCs were detected. The Oil red O staining method was used to detect lipid droplet formation. The Western blot method was used to detect the expression of adipogenesis-related factors PPARγ， CCAAT/enharcer-binding protein （C/EBP）α， C/EBPβ， lipoprotein lipase （LPL） protein， brown adipose tissue-related （BAT） proteins PGC-1α， uncoupcing protein 1 （UCP1）， PR domdin-containing protein 16 （PRDM16）， mitochondrial biogenesis-related PGC-1α， nuclear respiratory factor 1 （Nrf1）， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， and mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM）. The expression of adipogenesis-related factors PPARγ， C/EBPα， C/EBPβ， LPL genes， and the copy number of cytochrome B （CytoB mtDNA） gene was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was detected using transmission electron microscopy. ResultsCompared with that in the blank group， the proliferation ability of BMSCs in each treatment group increased continuously as the intervention progressed， and lipid droplets significantly decreased after the drug intervention. The mRNA and protein expression levels of adipogenesis-related factors PPARγ， C/EBPα， C/EBPβ， and LPL were significantly downregulated （P<0.01）， while those of the BAT-related factors PGC-1α， UCP1， PRDM16 were significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. The number of mitochondria increased， accompanied by reduced swelling. The double membrane and cristae structure were clear， and the internal cristae rupture was reduced. The copy number of CytoB mtDNA in each treatment group was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-related PGC-1α， Nrf1， Nrf2， and TFAM in each treatment group were significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionBoth Zuogui Wan and Yougui Wan can prevent and treat PMOP by intervening in mitochondrial biogenesis in BMSCs through PGC-1α/PPARγ.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPAR-γ)is a member of the ligand-activated nuclear tran-scription factor superfamily.Activated PPAR-γ is involved in the regulation of many central nervous system(CNS)events,and is involved in cholesterol metabolism by inducing or inhibi-ting a series of gene pathways,thereby inhibiting the deposition of β-amyloid protein(Aβ).It plays an important neuroprotec-tive role in Alzheimer's disease(AD),improves memory and cognition in AD,and is a potential target for AD.Drug develop-ment aimed at restoring cholesterol homeostasis may be a poten-tial strategy to counteract AD.By analyzing the distribution and structure of PPAR-γ,focusing on the biological correlation be-tween PPAR-γ-mediated cholesterol metabolism and AD,this paper describes the mechanism regulation of PPAR-γ on key proteins,genes and their corresponding molecules,providing a new reference for the treatment of AD.

Objective To investigate the effect of Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)rod semi-rigid pedicle screw fixation sys-tem in lumbar spine non-fusion surgery.Methods A total of 74 patients with tow-level lumbar degenerative diseases who un-derwent surgery from March 2017 to December 2019 were divided into PEEK rod group and titanium rod group.In the PEEK rod group,there were 34 patients,including 13 males and 21 females,aged from 51 to 79 years old with an average of(62.4±6.8)years old;There were 1 patient of L1-L3 segments,7 patients of L2-L4 segments,20 patients of L3-L5 segments and 6 pa-tients of L4-S1 segments.In the titanium rod group,there were 40 patients,including 17 males and 23 females,aged from 52 to 81 years old with an average of(65.2±7.3)years old;There were 3 patient of L1-L3 segments,11 patients of L2-L4 segments,19 patients of L3-L5 segments and 7 patients of L4-S1 segments.The general conditions of operation,such as operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage was recorded.The visual analogue scale(VAS)for low back pain and Os-westry disability index(ODI)were compared in preoperatively and postoperatively(3 months,12 months and last follow-up)between two groups.The change of range of motion(ROM)was observed by flexion and extension x-ray of lumbar Results All patients successfully completed the operation.The follow-up time ranged from 22 to 34 months with an average of(26.8±5.6)months.The operative time(142.2±44.7)min and intraoperative blood loss(166.5±67.4)ml in PEEK group were lower than those in titanium group[(160.7±57.3)min、(212.8±85.4)ml](P＜0.05).There was no significant differences in postoperative drainage between the two groups(P＞0.05).At the final follow-up visit,in PEEK group and titanium group VAS of low back pain[(0.8±0.4)points vs(1.0±0.5)points],VAS for leg pain[(0.7±0.4)points vs(0.8±0.5)points]and ODI[(9.8±1.6)％vs(12.1±1.5)％]were compared with preoperative[(5.8±1.1)points vs(6.0±1.1)points],[(7.2±1.7)points vs(7.0±1.6)points],[(68.5±8.9)％vs(66.3±8.2)％]were significantly different(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at each postoperative time point(P＞0.05).At 3 months after surgery,there was no difference in ODI between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in ODI between PEEK group and titanium rod group at 12 months[(15.5±2.1)％vs(18.4±2.4)％]and at the last follow-up[(9.8±1.6)％vs(12.1±1.5)％](P＜0.05).The total range of motion(ROM)of lumbar decreased in both groups after surgery.At 12 months after surgery and the last follow-up,the PEEK group compared with the titanium rod group,the total range of motion of lumbar was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The range of motion(ROM)of the fixed segments decreased in both groups after surgery.The ROM of the fixed segments in PEEK group decreased from(9.5±4.6)° to(4.1±1.9)° at the last follow-up(P＜0.05),which in the titanium rod group was de-creased from(9.8±4.3)°to(0.9±0.5)° at the last follow-up(P＜0.05).The range of motion(ROM)of upper adjacent segment increased in both groups,there was statistical significance in the ROM of upper adjacent segment between the two groups at 12 months after surgery and the last follow-up,(P＜0.05).There was no screw loosening and broken rods in both groups during the follow-up period.Conclusion The PEEK rod semi-rigid pedicle screw internal fixation system used in lumbar non-fusion surgery can retain part of the mobility of the fixed segment,showing comparable short-term clinical efficacy to titanium rod fu-sion.PEEK rod semi-rigid pedicle screw internal fixation system is a feasible choice for the treatment of lumbar spine degener-ative diseases,and its long-term efficacy needs further follow-up observation.

Coronary perforation is when a contrast agent or blood flows outside a blood vessel through a tear in a coronary artery.In this case,we reported a case of percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary calcified lesions,which led to iatrogenic coronary perforation and cardiac tamponade after the use of Shockwave balloon to treat intracoronary calcified nodules,and the management of PCI-related CAP was systematically reviewed through the literature.

Objective To explore the current status of H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City,analyze its influencing factors,and provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of H.pylori infection.Methods A total of 677 residents from four districts of Sanya City were selected by overall stratified random sampling method,and were subjected to urea 14C breath test and questionnaire survey to calculate the positive rate of H.pylori in the natural population and analyze the influencing factors of H.pylori infection.Results A total of 606 residents were included,and the number of H.pylori positive detections was 261,with a positive detection rate of 38.5％.Among them,different ethnicity,marital status,smoking,eating vegetables and fruits,and literacy level were associated with H.pylori infection(P＜0.05);gender,age,BMI,alcohol consumption,drinking water source,betel quid chewing,and the number of cohabitants were not significantly associated with H.pylori infection(P＞0.05).Family infection was an independent risk factor for H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City,and Li ethnicity,frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables,and college and higher education level were independent protective factors for H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City.Conclusion The rate of H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City is lower than the national average.Consuming more fruits and vegetables and improving the awareness of hygiene protection are conducive to the prevention of H.pylori infection;and the promotion of the family and related members with the same examination and treatment is important to avoid aggregation of infection within the family.

Background and purpose:In 2016 the National Cancer Institute(NCI)decided stopping to use NCI-60 cell lines for drug screening,suggesting that tumor cell lines were losing their value as a tool for drug discovery and basic research.The reason for NCI-60 cells'retirement'was that the preclinical studies based on traditional cellular and animal models did not obtain the corresponding expected efficacy in clinical trials.Since the major cancer behaviors,such as proliferation and metastasis,are fundamentally altered with long-term culture,the tumor cell lines are not representative of the characteristics of cancer in patients.Currently,scientists hope to create a new cancer model that are derived from fresh patient samples and tagged with details about their clinical past.Our purpose was to create patient-derived breast cancer primary cell lines as new cancer model for drug screening and basic research.Methods:Breast cancer tissues were collected in the Department of Breast Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University.The collection of tumor tissue samples was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(approval number:2022 ethics No.313),and the collection and use of tumor tissues complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.The primary breast cancer cell lines were isolated from the patient's breast cancer tissues and cultured in BCMI medium.After the cells proliferated,the media were replaced with DEME medium.Cell line STR genotyping was done to determine cell-specific genetic markers and identification.Clone formation assay and transplantation assay were done to analyze the ability of breast cancer primary cell lines to form tumors.Results:We created 6 primary breast cancer cell lines.The 6 primary breast cancer cell lines from the patients were tagged with the definitively clinicopathological features,clinical diagnosis,therapeutic regimens,clinical effectiveness and prognostic outcomes.The STR genotyping assays identified the genetic markers and determined the identities of the 6 primary breast cancer cell lines.Clone formation assays and transplantation assay showed that the proliferative capacities of the patient-derived primary breast cancer cell lines were significantly greater compared with the conventional breast cancer cell lines.Conclusion:We created a panel of 6 patient-derived primary breast cancer cell lines as new cancer model for drug screening and basic research in breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the structural characteristics of intestinal flora in children with sepsis and its association with inflammatory response.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted.The children with sepsis who were admitted from December 2021 to January 2023 were enrolled as the sepsis group,and the children with non-sepsis who were admitted during the same period were enrolled as the non-sepsis group.The two groups were compared in terms of the distribution characteristics of intestinal flora,peripheral white blood cell count(WBC),C reactive protein(CRP),and cytokines,and the correlation of the relative abundance of fecal flora with WBC,CRP,and cytokines was analyzed.Results At the genus level,compared with the non-sepsis group,the sepsis group had significantly lower relative abundance of Akkermansia,Ruminococcus,and Alistipes and significantly higher relative abundance of Enterococcus,Streptococcus,and Staphylococcus(P<0.05).At the phylum level,Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum(37.46%)in the group of children with a score of≤70 from the Pediatric Critical Illness Score(PICS),and Firmicutes was the dominant phylum in the group of children with a score of 71-80 or 81-90 from the PICS(72.20%and 43.88%,respectively).At the genus level,among the 18 specimens,5 had a relative abundance of>50%for a single flora.Compared with the non-sepsis group,the sepsis group had significant higher levels of WBC,CRP,interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10),and tumor necrosis factor-α(P<0.05).The Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that at the genus level,the relative abundance of Ruminococcus,Alistipes,and Parasutterella in the sepsis group was negatively correlated with the levels of WBC,CRP,and IL-6(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Enterococcus was positively correlated with the CRP level(P<0.01);the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus was positively correlated with the levels of CRP and IL-6(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Streptococcus was positively correlated with WBC(P<0.05).Conclusions Intestinal flora disturbance is observed in children with sepsis,and its characteristics vary with the severity of the disease.The structural changes of intestinal flora are correlated with inflammatory response in children with sepsis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.

Objective To compare the effects of two arc(TA)and dual arc(DA)techniques on the dose distribution to the planning target volume(PTV)and organs at risk(OAR)in volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT)for lower mid-thoracic esophageal cancer.Methods Ten patients with lower mid-thoracic esophageal cancer who received radiation therapy at some hospital from July 2020 to June 2022 were selected retrospectively.A TA radiation therapy plan and a DA radiation therapy plan were developed for each patient using the Ray Arc module of RayStation 4.7.5.4 planning system,and the two kinds of radiation plans were compared in terms of dosimetric parameters including D2,D5,D50,D95,D98,homogeneity index(HI),conformity index(CI),beam-on time and total monitor unit for PTV and lung V5,V10,V20,V30 and Dmean and heartV30,V40 and Dmean and spine cord Dmax for OAR.SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results TA and DA radiation therapy plans had no significant differences in PTV CI,HI,D2,D5,D50,D95 and beam-on time(P＞0.05),and DA plan had D98 and total monitor unit higher obviously than those of TA plan(P＜0.05).In terms of OARs protection,DA plan had heart V30,V40 and Dmean slightly lower than those of TA plan with non-significantly differences(P＞0.05),while lung V5,V30 and Dmean and spine cordDmax significantly lower(P＜0.05).Conclusion DA technique gains advantages over TA technique in PTV dose distribution and dose to OAR,and the involvement of DA technique in preparing the VMAT plan for esophageal cancer contributes to enhancing the treatment efficacy.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):62-66]

As the country with the largest number of new cancer cases and deaths,China faces a serious situation with a large cancer population base,low relative survival rate,and low adherence to cancer screening.Neighboring Japan,which has the longest life expectancy in the world,has a much higher relative survival rate than China,despite having a similarly high cancer rate,due to its well-established system of cancer prevention and control.Being an Asian country,the major prevalent cancers in China and Japan are similar in spectrum and can be referred to more.This article introduces the construction of Japan's cancer life-cycle prevention and control system of"cancer prevention","cancer care",and"coexistence with cancer"starting from the three major goals of Japan's cancer prevention and control program,and focuses on the improvement of cancer screening in Japan and the improvement of cancer survival in China.It also highlights the means and methods used to increase the cancer screening rate in Japan,with a view to providing suggestions for cancer prevention and control in China.