A new triterpenoid and 18 analogues were isolated from the water extract of Ganoderma lucidum by column chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC. The new compound was elucidated as 2β-acetoxy-3β,25-dihydroxy-7,11,15-trioxo-lanost-8-en-26-oic acid on the basis of analyses of extensive spectroscopic data and its physicochemical properties. Comparison of NMR data with those reported in literature, the known analogues were determined as ganoderic acid H (2), 12β-acetoxy-3β,7β-dihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxo-lanost-8,16-dien-26-oic acid (3), ganoderenic acid D (4),ganoderic acid C1 (5),ganoderic acid G (6),3β,7β-dihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxo-lanost-8,16-dien-26-oic acid (7),ganoderic acid B (8),ganoderic acid C6 (9),3β,15α-dihydroxy-7,11,23-trioxo-lanost-8,16-dien-26-oic acid (10),ganoderic acid A (11),ganolucidic acid A (12),lucidenic acid E2 (13),lucidenic acid N (14),lucidenic acid P (15), lucidenic acid B (16),lucidenic acid A (17),lucidenic acid C (18),and lucidenic acid L (19), respectively. Compound 1 is new compound and compounds 2-19 have been reported from G. lucidum. The present study enriches the knowledge of the chemical constituent of G. lucidum and completes chemical investigation of water decoction that is traditional use of G. lucidum.

Objective To explore the feasibility and methodology of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) guided by 3D navigation system (Ensite-NavX) for right atrioventricular accessory pathway.Method Thirty-three cases of right accessory pathway atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia including 16 cases in right free wall,3 in right middle septum,14 in right posterior septum; 23 cases of dominant accessory pathway and 10 cases of concealed were treated by RFCA guided by NavX navigation.NavX navigation modeling method or spatial localization method was exploited to locate target positioning.Result All patients were successfully ablated without serious complications.Among them,25 cases were operated without exposure to X-ray,7 patients were exposed for several seconds to verify catheter position,1 case in right free wall was ablated under X-ray combined with Swartz sheath ablation.Conclusion Nonfluoroscopy or less fluoroscopy RFCA for right atrioventricular accessory pathway with Ensite-NavX is safe and feasible,modeling or spatial orientation method are helpful to locate the ablation target positioning.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in patients with gastric carcinoma in different stages.

METHODSThe expressions of HB-EGF protein and mRNA in normal gastric tissues, metaplasic intestinal mucosa, early-stage gastric cancer and advanced-stage gastric cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

RESULTSHB-EGF expression was only detected in the parietal cells of the gastric fundic glands and in gastrin cells of the pyloric glands in normal gastric tissues. Weak HB-EGF expression was detected in the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa in intestinal metaplasic mucosa, and the expression increased in all layers of the gastric mucosa in early-stage gastric cancer. Intense HB-EGF expression was observed in advanced gastric cancer.

CONCLUSIONIncreased HB-EGF expression may be implicated in the pathogenesis and development of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured