This paper primarily reviews the current research status of passive and active monitoring methods for interventional radiology personnel, encompassing the types and wearing positions of personal dosimeters, simulation results versus measured outcomes, and discrepancies between different simulation results. By reviewing domestic and international literature, it lists effective dose estimation formulas for single- and dual-dosimeter systems developed by various researchers worldwide. Recommendations are proposed based on the current dosimeter wearing practices among interventional radiology staff, providing reference for the formulation of relevant standards.

OBJECTIVE: CRISPR-Cas protects bacteria from exogenous DNA invasion and is associated with bacterial biofilm formation and pathogenicity. METHODS: We analyzed the type I-F CRISPR-Cas system of Legionella pneumophila WX48, including Cas1, Cas2-Cas3, Csy1, Csy2, Csy3, and Cas6f, along with downstream CRISPR arrays. We explored the effects of the CRISPR-Cas system on the in vitro growth, biofilm-forming ability, and pathogenicity of L. pneumophila through constructing gene deletion mutants. RESULTS: The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system did not affect the in vitro growth of wild-type or mutant strains. The biofilm formation and intracellular proliferation of the mutant strains were weaker than those of the wild type owing to the regulation of type IV pili and Dot/Icm type IV secretion systems. In particular, Cas6f deletion strongly inhibited these processes. CONCLUSION The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system may reduce biofilm formation and intracellular proliferation in L. pneumophila.
Legionella pneumophila/pathogenicity* ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Biofilms/growth & development* ; Phenotype ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Deletion

Objective To explore whether renal denervation (RDN) could improve the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of patients with heart failure (HF) on the basis of guideline-directed management and therapy (GDMT). Methods From January 1, 2023 to August 31, 2024, HF patients diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) who underwent RDN in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively enrolled, all patients had received GDMT for at least three months but the LVEF remained below 55%. Parameters of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at baseline, during GDMT, and after RDN were compared to analyze whether RDN can further improve the LVEF of patients on the basis of GDMT. Results A total of 7 HF patients diagnosed with DCM were enrolled, the mean age was (52.86±9.86) years old, and 5(71.4%) were male. After an average of (9.29±8.06) months of GDMT, LVEF significantly increased from baseline (34.86%±10.22%) to (44.57%±5.59%, P=0.024).Three months after RDN, LVEF was further significantly improved (54.43%±9.05%, P=0.026). The average follow-up after RDN was (11.00±4.12) months. The LVEF remained stable (54.86%±7.10%, P=0.805), and no adverse events occurred in the patients. Conclusions RDN can further enhance the LVEF of HF patients on the basis of GDMT.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of flight fatigue among helicopter flying personnel and analyze its contributors in order to provide data for related interventions.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 helicopter flying personnel between October 8, 2021 and July 31, 2022. Data was collected using a self-designed questionnaire, involving the demography of these subjects, sleep-related factors, flight fatigue, perceived causes of fatigue and coping strategies. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFI-20) were used to assess sleep quality, mental workload, and levels of flight fatigue over the past month. The total scores of MFI-20 were compared across demographic groups, and correlations with PSQI and NASA-TLX scores were analyzed. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify the determinants of flight fatigue.Results:①Demography: among the 404 helicopter flying personnel, 92.8% (375/404) were pilots and 7.2% (29/404) navigators. As for years of service, 41.6% (168/404) served less than 5 years, while 58.4% (236/404) served more than 5 years. 37.9% (153/404) had a family history of insomnia. 18.8% (76/404) did not habitually nap, 68.9% (226/328) napped for ≤30 min, 31.1% (102/328) napped over 30 min, and 18.3% (74/404) had insomnia over the past month. As for helicopter flying personnel, 75.5% (305/404) reported experiencing fatigue, with 69.1% (279/404) attributing it to flight-related factors and 51.5% (208/404) using coffee as a countermeasure.②Scale scores: the total score of PSQI was [5 (3, 7)], while the highest daytime dysfunction score was [1(0, 2)]. The total score of NASA-TLX was [39.19 (26.57, 51.97)], and the effort score was the highest [10.31(5.07, 14.60)]. The total score of MFI-20 averaged (47.28±14.88), with the mental fatigue score being the highest [(10.03±4.42)]. ③Comparisons of MFI-20 total scores: flying personnel with ≤5 years of flying experience had higher MFI-20 total scores than those with >5 years, and those with a family history of insomnia had higher scores than those without ( t=3.35, 2.44, P=0.001, 0.015). Individuals with insomnia over the past month had higher scores than non-insomniacs ( t=3.33, P=0.001). Significant differences in MFI-20 scores were observed based on nap duration ( F=19.95, P<0.001). Non-nappers had higher scores than those napping for ≤30 min ( P=0.005). Flying personnel who napped for >30 min had higher scores than those did not ( P=0.043) or napped for ≤30 min ( P<0.001). ④Correlation analysis: the total score of MFI-20 was positively correlated with sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbances, hypnotic medications, daytime dysfunction, and the total score of PSQI ( r=0.118-0.226, all P<0.05), but negatively with sleep duration ( r=-0.136, P=0.006). The total score of MFI-20 was positively correlated with mental demand, physical demand, and the total score of NASA-TLX ( r=0.119, 0.168, 0.184, P=0.017, 0.001, <0.001). ⑤Multiple linear regression analysis: the determinants of flight fatigue included aircraft types ( B=-4.956, 95% CI:-8.124--1.788), nap duration ( B=3.693, 95% CI: 1.267-6.119), sleep latency ( B=2.371, 95% CI: 0.229-4.513), sleep duration ( B=-7.383, 95% CI:-10.008--4.758), daytime dysfunction ( B=5.003, 95% CI: 2.967-7.039) and physical workload ( B=0.611, 95% CI: 0.324-0.898). Conclusions:Helicopter flying personnel are vulnerable to flight fatigue, which is strongly linked to sleep quality and mental workload. It is crucial to address flying personnel′s self-perceived fatigue, care about fatigue manifestations across aircraft types, and implement targeted interventions to improve sleep quality and reduce mental workload.

Aim To evaluate the role of the glucose transporter protein 1(GLUT1)-dependent glycolytic in the attenuation of oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygen-ation(OGD/R)injury in HK-2 cells by dexmedetomi-dine(Dex).Methods C57/BL6 mice were random-ly divided into three groups(n=6),namely,sham operation group(Sham group),renal ischemia reper-fusion group(I/R group)and Dex group(I/R+Dex group).Serum creatinine(Cr)and urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured,while the levels of key glyco-lytic enzymes HK2,PFKFB3 and GLUT1 were meas-ured.HK-2 cells were cultured and randomised into seven groups(n=6),which was treated with OGD/R,overexpression or interference with GLUT1,Dex and glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG.CCK-8 and LDH activi-ty were used to detect cellular damage.Glycolysis lev-els were detected by lactate and ECAR.The inflamma-tory level was reflected by qRT-PCR for IL-6 and TNF-α.qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to de-tect the levels of GLUT1,HK2,and PFKFB3.Results Dex significantly ameliorated kidney injury and HK-2 cell injury(P＜0.05).Dex inhibited the OGD/R-induced rise in lactate and extracellular acidification rate(ECAR),as evidenced by suppression of the ex-pression of GLUT1,HK2 and PFKFB3(P＜0.05).In vitro experiments showed that GLUT1 knockdown sig-nificantly improved OGD/R-induced cellular damage.Lactate,ECAR,glycolysis-related mRNAs and pro-teins were inhibited by GLUT1 knockdown(P＜0.05).Significantly,there were no significant differ-ences in above indexes after Dex treatment based on GLUT1 knockdown.Overexpression of GLUT1 abroga-ted the protective effects of Dex,while reversing the inhibitory effects of Dex on the expression of GLUT1,HK2,and PFKFB3(P＜0.05).Conclusions Dexmedetomidine attenuates OGD/R induced injury in HK-2 cells by inhibiting GLUT1-dependent glycolysis.

Objective:To develop and assess a deep learning-based model for automatic segmentation of organs at risk (OARs) in postoperative brachytherapy for endometrial carcinoma (EC).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the computed tomography (CT) images of 108 EC patients who received high-dose-rate (HDR) 192Ir intracavitary vaginal-cuff brachytherapy (VCB) at the Peking University Third Hospital from November 2021 to October 2022. Then, the rectum, colon, small intestine, and bladder in these images were manually segmented. These patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table: 90 cases for training the 3D no-new-U-Net (nnU-Net) segmentation model and 18 cases for model testing. The precision and clinical applicability of the automatic segmentation model were assessed using geometric indexes including Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance (HD), and mean surface distance (MSD), as well as dose-volume parameters (DVPs) including the minimum dose to 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 cm 3 of OARs that received the highest irradiation doses ( D0.1 cm 3, D1.0 cm 3, and D2.0 cm 3). Results:The 3D nnU-Net model yielded mean DSC values of 0.90, 0.85, 0.88, and 0.95, respectively for the segmentations of the rectum, colon, small bowel, and bladder, all of which were better than those of the 3D U-Net and V-Net models. The differences among the three models were statistically significant ( F = 21.78, 24.33, 36.00, 20.11, P < 0.001). The 3D nnU-Net exhibited statistically significant differences in HD values for the colon, small intestine, and bladder segmentations among the three method ( F = 17.33, 24.11, 6.33, P < 0.05). The 3D nnU-Net model yielded lower MSD values for the segmentations of all organs compared to the control model, with statistically significant differences ( F = 29.78, 27.11, 27.11, 14.78, P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in all DVPs between the 3D nnU-Net model-based and manual segmentations ( P > 0.05). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated great consistency between the 3D nnU-Net and manual segmentations. Conclusions:The 3D nnU-Net-based model exhibits high geometric accuracy and dosimetric consistency with manual segmentation of OARs in brachytherapy, holding potential to improve clinical efficiency.

AIM To investigate the stability of salvianolic acid B.METHODS HPLC was adopted in the content determination of salvianolic acid B,after which the chemical stability in different pH of buffer solutions,oxidation stability in different concentrations of H2O2,and biological stability in artificial gastric fluid,artificial intestinal fluid and biological matrices were analyzed,and its degradation kinetics was fitted.RESULTS Salvianolic acid B was stable in acidic and weakly acidic buffer solutions and artificial gastric fluid,which demonstrated poor stability in neutral and alkaline buffer solutions,artificial intestinal fluid,H2O2 and biological matrices.The degradation process of this constituent accorded with the first-order kinetic model in ileum homogenate,and the second-order kinetic model in pH 7.4 buffer solution,artificial intestinal fluid,H2O2 and stomach,duodenum,jejunum,colon homogenates.CONCLUSION Biological matrices,oxidants and alkaline environment can affect the stability of salvianolic acid B.This experimental exhibits important significance for the development and application of salvianolic acid B-related products.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Mutations in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 gene (CDKL5) cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, yet the impact of truncating mutations remains unclear. Here, we introduce the Cdkl5^492stop mouse model, mimicking C-terminal truncating mutations in patients. 492stop/Y mice exhibit altered dendritic spine morphology and spontaneous seizure-like behaviors, alongside other behavioral deficits. After creating cell lines with various Cdkl5 truncating mutations, we found that these mutations are regulated by the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway. Most truncating mutations result in CDKL5 protein loss, leading to multiple disease phenotypes, and offering new insights into the pathogenesis of CDKL5 disorder.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Epileptic Syndromes/genetics* ; Humans ; Dendritic Spines/pathology* ; Spasms, Infantile/genetics* ; Male ; Seizures/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL