Ulcerative colitis（UC） is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the colonic mucosa and submucosa， and its complex pathogenesis involves immune abnormality， oxidative stress and other factors. The nuclear transcription factor E₂-related factor 2（Nrf2）， encoded by the Nfe212 gene， plays a central role in antioxidant responses. It not only activates various antioxidant response elements such as heme oxygenase-1（HO-1） and quinone oxidoreductase 1（NQO1）， but also enhances the activity of glutathione-S-transferase（GST） and superoxide dismutase 1（SOD1）， effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species（ROS） accumulated in the body， and mitigating oxidative stress-induced damage to intestinal mucosa. In addition， Nrf2 can reduce the release of inflammatory factors and infiltration of immune cells by regulating immune response， cell apoptosis and autophagy pathways， thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation and promoting the repair and regeneration of damaged mucosa. Based on this， this paper reviews the research progress of Chinese materia medica in the prevention and treatment of UC by modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It deeply explores the physiological role of Nrf2， the molecular mechanism of activation， the protective effect in the pathological process of UC， and how active ingredients in Chinese materia medica regulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway through multiple pathways to exert their potential mechanisms. These studies have revealed in depth that Chinese materia medica can effectively combat oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It can also play a role in anti-inflammatory， promoting autophagy， inhibiting apoptosis， protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier， and promoting intestinal mucosal repair， providing new ideas and methods for the multi-faceted treatment of UC.

Aim To investigate the anti-acute lung injury(ALI)effect of Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen(SLS)and its mechanism.Methods The main ac-tive components of SLS and their core targets and path-ways of action against ALI were obtained by network pharmacology methods.Subsequently,molecular doc-king technology and in vitro cellular experiments were applied for validation.Results A total of 19 core tar-gets were obtained,including HSP90AA1,CASP3,TNF,MAPK8 and MAPK14.The mechanisms may in-volve signaling pathways such as cancer,PI3K/Akt and MAPK.Molecular docking confirmed that the key targets of SLS formed a better binding activity with the relevant active ingredients.The in vitro results showed that SLS was able to protect the PM2.5-contaminated BEAS-2B cells,inhibit their NO,IL-1β and TNF-αlevels,and reduce the expression of p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK proteins.Conclusions The study successfully predicts the active ingredients,targets and signaling pathways of SLS against ALI,and in vitro experiments demonstrate that SLS might protect BEAS-2B cells from PM2.5 stimulus-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the over-activation of p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways.

This study was aimed at investigating differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in Clonorchis sinensis(C.sinensis)meta-cercariae and newly excysted juveniles(NEJs)cultured in vitro for 1 hour or 3 hours,through transcriptomic analysis.Our objective was to explore the mechanisms underlying host invasion.Metacercariae were digested and isolated from Pseudorasbora parva infected with C.sinensis.The metacercariae excysted and developed into NEJs in vitro.Subsequently,the mRNA of metacercariae and NEJs cultured in vitro for 1 hour or 3 hours was extracted for transcriptomic sequencing analysis to screen for DEGs,and to conduct GO and KEGG analyses.A protein-protein interaction network(PPI)was constructed to identify hub genes.A total of 1 218 DEGs were de-tected.The main enriched GO terms of DEGs included transcription regulator activity and gated channel activity(primarily K+).The KEGG pathways significantly enriched in DEGs included cholesterol metabolism,lysosome,synthesis,secretion,and action of para-thyroid hormone.ZFAND4-2,BIRC6,and other genes were screened and identified as hub genes through PPI network analysis.Addi-tionally,abundant differential expression of cathepsin-related genes,including Cathepsin L and Cathepsin F,were observed before and after excystment in C.sinensis.Therefore,significant transcriptional level changes occurred in the metacercariae of C.sinensis be-fore and after excystation,and enrichment was observed primarily in signaling pathways,such as activation of growth and material me-tabolism,that regulate parasite growth and development.Meanwhile,biological events conducive to parasite invasion,migration,and adhesion were triggered.

Medical engineering in TCM medical institutions in Guizhou Province was described in terms of its development status and problems in functional positioning,professional title appraisal,unbalanced staff composition and discipline foun-dation.Some suggestions were put forward including determining the functional positioning and management mode of medical engineering institutions,promoting the professional title system for medical engineering staffs,strengthening medical engineering team and enhancing medical engineering discipline.References were provided for the development of medical engineering in TCM medical institutions in Guizhou Province.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(5):84-90]

Objective:To prepare rabbit polyclonal antibody against human FAM21 and analyze antibody specificity.Methods:Using the plasmid encoding human FAM21 full-length gene as a template,the nucleotide sequence of its 2 431～3 006 base was amplified by PCR and connected to the pGEX-6p-1 prokaryotic expression vector to construct pGEX-6P-1-FAM21 recombinant plasmid expressing the 811～1 002 amino acid fragment of FAM21.The recombinant plasmid was transformed into BL21(DE3)compe-tent Escherichia coli and was expressed inductively,and the protein was purified using GST fusion protein purification magnetic beads.The purified GST fusion protein was used as an antigen to immunize New Zealand rabbits,and the collected antiserum was purified by an agarose column containing GST protein.The specificity of antibody was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay in stable FAM21 knockdown HeLa cells.Results:The pGEX-6p-1-FAM21 prokaryotic expression plasmid was successfully constructed and induced to express in BL21(DE3)competent Escherichia coli.The purified GST fusion protein had a molecular weight of approxi-mately 50 kD,and the purified antibody titer from immunized New Zealand rabbits was greater than 1∶128 000,with high specificity.Conclusion:The pGEX-6p-1-FAM21 prokaryotic expression plasmid is successfully constructed,and the rabbit polyclonal antibody against human FAM21 is prepared for Western blot and immunofluorescence assay.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Citri reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and their anti-triple negative breast cancer activities in vitro.METHODS The ethanolic extract of Citri reticulatae Pericarpium Viride was isolated and purified by silica gel,polyamide,MCI,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The anti-triple negative breast cancer activities were screened by SRB assay,and their effects on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cell lines HCC1806,HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 in vitro were evaluated.RESULTS Twenty compounds were isolated and identified as nobiletin(1),tangeritin(2),5,4'-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy flavonoid(3),naringenin(4),artemetin(5),5-demethynobiletin(6),3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxy flavonoid(7),5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8,3'-pentamethoxyflavone(8),xanthomicrol(9),p-hydroxycinnamic acid(10),5,4'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3'-tetramethoxyflavone(11),pectolinarigenin(12),4'-dihydroxy-5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone(13),hispidulin(14),4',5,6,7-tetramethoxy-flavone(15),1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohexane-1,2-diol(16),umbelliferone(17),5-hydroxymethyl furfural(18),hydroquinone(19),1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde(20).Compound 8 showed a significant inhibitory effect with the IC50 value of(5.36±0.24)μmol/L on HCC1806 cells.CONCLUSION Compound 20 is isolated from genus Citrus for the first time,8,12-13,16-17 are isolated from this plant for the first time.Compound 8 show inhibitory effects on the proliferation of HCC1806,HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro and have the strongest activities.Compounds 3-4,11-12,15,17 and 19 show strong inhibitory effect on HCC1806 cells.Compounds 15,19 also inhibit the proliferation of HCC1937 cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVES: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the global burden of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years. METHODS: The data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 were analyzed to assess the incidence, mortality rates and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) of diarrhea among children under 5 years across nations(regions) and GBD regions from 1990 to 2021 using joinpoint regression. Smoothed curve regression was employed to explore the correlation of diarrheal disease burden with the Social Development Index (SDI) and for analyzing the burden of specific diarrheal pathogens. The Slope and Concentration Indices quantified disparities across SDI levels and the future trend were projected by the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model. RESULTS: From 1990 to 2021, the global incidence (AAPC: -3.65) and mortality (AAPC: -5.15) rates of diarrheal diseases declined steadily in children below 5 years. In 2021, neonates (<28 days) were the most affected, with an incidence rate of 138 058.74 per 100 000 and a mortality rate of 251.14 per 100 000. Rotavirus was the leading cause of death. The incidence rate of diarrheal diseases was negatively correlated with SDI, and the Concentration Index decreased from -0.293 in 1990 to -0.314 in 2021 without a significant gender difference. The BAPC model suggested that the global incidence rate of diarrheal diseases tends to decrease progressively from 2022 to 2050, with a predicted rate of 23 448.04 per 100 000 for male and 29 932.59 per 100 000 for female by 2050. CONCLUSIONS Despite the reduction in the global burden of diarrhea and the projection of its further decline, diarrheal diseases disproportionately affect neonates and low-SDI regions. While rotavirus remains the primary etiological agent worldwide, the predominant pathogens vary by nations (regions) and GBD regions, and strengthened interventions targeting vulnerable populations are needed.
Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea/mortality* ; Infant ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Global Burden of Disease/trends* ; Global Health ; Male ; Bayes Theorem ; Female

AIM To study the chemical constituents from ethyl acetate fraction of Balanophora harlandii Hook.f.and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity.METHODS Separation and purification were performed using silica gel,MCI,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The monophenolase inhibitory activity was determined by the tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of L-tyrosine.RESULTS Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified as sesamin(1),methyl caffeate(2),quercetin(3),5,7-dihydroxychromanone(4),methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(5),esculetin(6),kaempferol(7),naringenin(8),pyrogallic acid(9),pinosylvin(10),methyl propionate(11),caffeic acid(12),saccharinol(13),ferulic acid(14),trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(15),cinnamic acid(16),vanillic acid(17),vanillin(18),4-hydroxyacetophenone(19),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(20),apigenin(21),(-)-isolariciresinol(22),(-)-secoisolariciresinol(23)and meso-2,3-di(3′,4′-methylenedioxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol(24).The IC50 values of compounds 3,5,7,8,19,and 20 ranged from(0.246 5±0.028 3)to(1.278 2±0.021 3)mmol/L.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-9、11、15、17-21、24 are isolated from this plant for the first time,and 1,6,9,17-19,24 are first isolated from genus Balanophora.Compounds 3、5、7、8、19 and 20 have tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Aim To investigate the anti-acute lung injury(ALI)effect of Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen(SLS)and its mechanism.Methods The main ac-tive components of SLS and their core targets and path-ways of action against ALI were obtained by network pharmacology methods.Subsequently,molecular doc-king technology and in vitro cellular experiments were applied for validation.Results A total of 19 core tar-gets were obtained,including HSP90AA1,CASP3,TNF,MAPK8 and MAPK14.The mechanisms may in-volve signaling pathways such as cancer,PI3K/Akt and MAPK.Molecular docking confirmed that the key targets of SLS formed a better binding activity with the relevant active ingredients.The in vitro results showed that SLS was able to protect the PM2.5-contaminated BEAS-2B cells,inhibit their NO,IL-1β and TNF-αlevels,and reduce the expression of p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK proteins.Conclusions The study successfully predicts the active ingredients,targets and signaling pathways of SLS against ALI,and in vitro experiments demonstrate that SLS might protect BEAS-2B cells from PM2.5 stimulus-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the over-activation of p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways.