OBJECTIVE To prepare an intelligent responsive liposome-hydrogel nanopreparation co-loaded with gambogic acid （GA）， and characterize its antitumor activity in vitro . METHODS GA-ICG-Lip-gel was prepared by ethanol injection and cold dissolution， incorporating GA and the photosensitizer indocyanine green （ICG）. The appearance and microscopic morphology of GA-ICG-Lip-gel were observed， its encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity were measured， and its photothermal conversion performance， photothermal stability， and infrared imaging properties were investigated， along with the determination of its in vitro release profile. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were used as objects to investigate the effects of GA-ICG-Lip-gel （or with near-infrared light irradiation） on cell viability， migration ability， and the cellular uptake capacity of GA-ICG-Lip-gel. RESULTS GA-ICG-Lip-gel existed in a solution state at room temperature and transformed into a gel state at 37 ℃. Its microstructure was dense with small pores， and its encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were （96.07±0.86） % and （6.28±1.16） %， respectively. After exposure to near-infrared light， the temperature of GA-ICG-Lip-gel rose above 42 ℃， with no significant attenuation observed in the heating curve. The heating efficiency was dependent on both the irradiation time and drug concentration. Compared to media without gelatinase， the cumulative release rate of GA-ICG-Lip-gel increased in media containing gelatinase. In vitro studies showed that GA-ICG-Lip-gel could be efficiently taken up by MCF-7 cells； GA-ICG-Lip-gel significantly inhibited the viability and migration ability of MCF-7 cells （ P ＜0.05）， and this inhibitory effect was further enhanced under near-infrared light irradiation. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully prepares GA-ICG-Lip-gel， which exhibits favorable photothermal conversion properties and temperature/enzyme dual-responsive drug release characteristics， and demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.

Obesity has become a major global health challenge. The treatment of simple obesity patients with Chinese medicine compound based on evidence-based therapy has the advantages of good clinical efficacy and high safety. Chinese medicine compound can play the role of reducing inflammation, improving oxidative stress and regulating insulin resistance by regulating MAPK, AMPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K-Akt-mTOR, NF-κB, PPARγ/RXRα, STING-IRF3 and other related signaling pathways, which is characteristic of multi-component, multi-pathway, multi-target regulation. The research progress in the modulation of relevant signaling pathways by traditional Chinese medicine combinations for the treatment of simple obesity were reviewed, which provided a theoretical basis and research ideas for clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the research progress of family psychological education in schizophrenia population, in order to understand the elements and current situation of family psychological education application, and provide guidance for future research in this field.Methods:According to the basic idea of scoping review, research on family psychological education for schizophrenia patients was systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and China Biology Medicine. The search period was from database establishment to March 15, 2023.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, including 11 completely randomized controlled trials, 2 semi-randomized controlled trials, and 2 follow-up studies. The content consisted of the evaluation and intervention forms of family psychological education, and the development and implementation of specific intervention plans.Conclusions:There is limited research on family psychological education for patients with schizophrenia, and the implementation efforts around the world are insufficient. In the future, relevant research can be conducted to develop cost-effective education programs that are in line with China's culture and environment, so that schizophrenia patients and their families can receive evidence-based treatment to improve patient and family outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of inadequate specimens of thyroid nodule fine needle non-aspiration cytology and its possible influencing factors.Methods:Clinical data of 1571 patients with FNAC of 1638 thyroid nodules were analyzed retrospectively, according to whether the FNAC specimen were adequate or not, all cases were divided into adequate group and inadequate group. The related influencing factors on inadequate specimen were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.Results:Inadequate specimens occurred in 301 of 1638 (18.4%) nodules. Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of overall specimen adequacy included operator experience ( P=0.00) , nodules size≤0.5 cm ( P=0.00) , eggshell calcification ( P=0.00) , and cystic ( P=0.00) . Excluding the impact of operator experience, the influencing factors of specimen adequacy included nodules size≤0.5 cm ( P=0.00) , eggshell calcification ( P=0.00) , and cystic ( P=0.00) . Conclusions:Operator experience, nodules size≤0.5 cm, cystic, together with eggshell calcification are influencing factors of specimen adequacy of fine needle non-aspiration cytology in thyroid nodules. For experienced operators, what restrict specimen adequacy is the limitation of FNAC technique. For inexperienced operators, what restrict specimen adequacy is operator’s experience.

AIM: To study the effect of growth hormone (GH) and vitamin E (Vit.E) combined in the treatment of endometrial thinning. METHODS: Twenty female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, GH group and treatment group, with 5 rats in each group. Control group was routinely fed; Rats in model group, GH group and treatment group were injected intrauterine with 95%ethanol during estrus stage to construct a thin endometrial model. Six to eight hours after operation, rats in model group were injected intrauterine with 0.2 mL normal saline, rats in GH group and treatment group were injected with the same amount of GH, and the treatment group was given intragastric treatment of 60 mg/kg Vit.E. The rats were sacrificed 3 estrus cycles (about 2 weeks) after the operation. HE staining was performed on the uterine tissue to identify the model, and the levels of Cytokeratin 19 and Vimentin in the endometrium were detected by immunohistochemical color. RESULTS: The endometrial thickness of the model group was significantly thinner than that of the model group, and the endometrial thickness of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but the endometrial thickness of the GH group was slightly lower than that of the control group. The expression levels of keratin and vimentin in model group were lower than those in GH group, control group and treatment group, and the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Endometrial-related proliferation indexes were significantly increased after GH and vitamin E treatment, and GH and vitamin E could effectively promote the proliferation of endometrial cells.

Objective:To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of measles virus (MV) in Beijing from 2015 to 2019, and to provide laboratory basis for measles elimination.Methods:Measles virus-positive throat swab samples were collected through the Beijing Measles Laboratory network from 2015 to 2019. After the viral nucleic acid was extracted, 450 nucleotide fragments of the C terminal of the N gene of MV were amplified by RT-PCR. Nucleotide sequencing was performed for the amplified products. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with the representative strains of WHO measles virus genotype D8 genotype reference strains in China and other countries. Genotype identification was conducted and the nucleotide and amino acid homology analysis was carried out. A descriptive analysis of measles cases with D8 and B3 genotypes was conducted.Results:From 2015 to 2019, the genotypes of 546 MV were identified in the city, including 531 of H1a genotype, five vaccine strains, one of B3 genotype, and nine of D8 genotype, among which eight were epidemic strains in 2019. The homology of indigenous H1a genotype MV nucleotide and amino acid was 91.5%-100.0% and 73.6%-100.0%.In 2019, all eight cases of D8 genotype measles were adults, with two being an outbreak and the remaining six sporadic cases.Conclusions:The imported D8 genotype had become the main MV genotype in Beijing in 2019. With the decrease of measles incidence in 2019, native genotype H1a was no longer dominant, while other different genotypes were imported, forming a mixed epidemic trend. It was suggested that in the elimination of measles in Beijing, efforts should be made not only to block the transmission of local measles virus, but also to prevent and control the import and continuous transmission of non-local genotype virus, so as to avoid the risk of establishing local transmission by gradually evolving into a dominant strain.

OBJECTIVE：To pre pare Glycyrrhetinic acid-modified docetaxel magnetic nanoparticles （GA-DTX-NGO/IONP- NPs），and to evaluate its physicochemical properties. METHODS ：Magnetic nano graphene oxide （NGO/IONP）was chosen as the anti-tumor drug carrier ，docetaxel（DTX）as the model drug and glycyrrhetinic acid （GA）as the target molecule. Firstly ，NGO/ IONP was synthesized by hydrothermal method and GA-CS was synthesized by amidation reaction. Fourier IR spectrometer ，DSC and vibration sample magnetic measuring instrument were used to characterize NGO/IONP and GA-CS. GA-DTX-NGO/IONP-NPs Huperzine A in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alleviates Aβ -induced 1-42 treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease and vascular dementia ：a neurotoxicity via downregulation of p 38 and JNK MAPK meta-analysis[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med ， signaling pathways[J]. Neurochem Int ，2018. DOI ：10. 2014. DOI ：10.1155/2014/363985. 1016/j.neuint.2018.09.005. were prepared by the ion gelation method. TEM and particle size analyzer were used to observe and determine the morphology ， particle size and Zeta potential of GA-DTX-NGO/IONP-NPs ；the ultrafiltration-centrifugation method was used to determine encapsulation efficiency and drug loading amount ；the magnetic properties were investigated by investigating the state with or without external magnetic field ；the photothermal conversion test was carried out with laser irradiation of 808 nm. RESULTS ：NGO/ IONP and GA-CS were successfully synthesized ，and NGO/IONP exhibited superparamagnetism characteristics. GA-DTX-NGO/ IONP-NPs were spherical under TEM ，the particle size was （262.8±4.23）nm and the Zeta potential was （13.6±1.51）mV. The encapsulation rate and drug loading amount were （94.29±0.50）％ and（17.12±0.12）％，respectively. GA-DTX-NGO/IONP-NPs were black in appearance and evenly dispersed. Under the external magnetic field ，the magnetic nanoparticles could move directionally，showing good magnetic properties. GA-DTX-NGO/IONP-NPs showed a good concentration- and time-dependent photothermal conversion effect under 808 nm laser irradiation. CONCLUSIONS ：GA-DTX-NGO/IONP-NPs are successfully prepared. This study could provide some theoretical basis for the combined treatment of magnetic heating-chemotherapy for liver tumors.

Objective:To study the prevalence and gene variation characteristics of human coronavirus (HCoV) in Beijing and provide molecular epidemiological basis for the prevention and control of HCoV infection.Methods:This study collected 287 samples and epidemiological data of HCoV positive cases collected by respiratory multi-pathogen surveillance in Beijing from 2016 to 2017, and analyzed the HCoV detection rate, population and seasonal characteristics. HCoV pol gene fragments were amplified by RT-PCR for HCoV typing and evolutionary analysis.Results:In this study, the detection rate of HCoV was 1.89%. The co-infection rate of respiratory virus in HCoV positive samples was 20.56% (59/287). 69 strains were identified as type OC43 with nucleotide homology of 97.2%~100% and amino acid homology of 92.2%~100%. Thirty-nine strains were identified as type 229E with nucleotide homology of 99.2%~100% and amino acid homology of 99.2%~100%. Ten strains were identified as type HKU1 and 2 strains were identified as type NL63.Conclusions:OC43 and 229E are still the main types of HCoV in Beijing from 2016 to 2017, and both present certain seasonal difference. The endemic strains of the same type have high homology of nucleotide and amino acid.

OBJECTIVE： To establish a methaod for content determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes， and to optimize its preparation technology. METHODS： The contents of doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The membrane dispersion method was used to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes. Using particle size， encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading amount as indexes， the weight ratio of phospholipid to drug （mg/mg）， the weight ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol （mg/mg） and ultrasonic time （min） as factors， central composite design-response surface methodology was used to optimize the preparation technology. The photothermal conversion effect of doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes was investigated by near infrared irradiation. RESULTS： The linear range of doxorubicin hydrochloride were 1.01-16.16 μg/mL（r＝0.999 7）； precision， stability and reproducibility tests were all in line with the requirments of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The optimal preparation technology included that the weight ratio of phospholipid to drug was 13.30 ∶ 1（mg/mg）； the weight ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol was 4.09 ∶ 1 （mg/mg）； the ultrasonic time was 10 min. Under this technology， the particle size and drug-loading amount of doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes were （200.5±25.1） nm and （11.02±0.20）％， relative errors of which to predicted value （196.3 nm， 10.68％） were 1.82％ and 1.63％. The consistency between measured value and predicted value was good. Doxorubicin hydrochloride nano-liposomes exhibited concentration- dependent and time-dependent photothermal conversion characteristics under near infrared irradiation at 808 nm. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple and good accuracy. The optimized preparation technology is simple and feasible.

OBJECTIVE： To prepare Adriamycin hydrochloride （DOX） magnetic thermosensitive liposome （MTSL）， investigate its physicochemical properties， magnetic effect and photothermal effect， so as to provide reference for tumor chemo- therapy and photodynamic/photothermal therapy. METHODS： Using DOX as model drug， TiO2@Fe3O4 as photosensitizers and magnetic materials， DOX-TiO2@Fe3O4-MTSL was prepared with membrane dispersion method. The morphology and dispersibility were observed； particle size and Zeta potential were detected； encapsulation efficiency of the liposome were determined by centrifugal ultrafiltration and HPLC. Its paramagnetism property was also detected by magnetometer. Compared with DOX solution， in vitro release behavior of the liposome was investigated by dialysis method， and the release curves at different temperatures （at 37， 43 ℃） were compared. The photothermal conversion effect of the liposome and the production of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were investigated by near infrared laser irradiation at 808 nm. RESULTS： Prepared DOX-TiO2@Fe3O4-MTSL was brown-black with good water dispersion， and was spherical in shape and uniform in size under electron microscopy. Average particle size was 250.6 nm； polydispersity index was 0.107； Zeta potential was （－7.76±3.41）mV； encapsulation efficiency was （92.3±3.2）％. Under the external magnetic field， the liposome could move in a directional direction and had obvious paramagnetism. Compared with DOX solution， the liposomes released slowly and showed obvious sustained- release characteristics. Compared with at 37 ℃， the drug release of liposome speeded up significantly at 43 ℃.With the increase of laser （808 nm） irradiation time， the temperature of the liposome kept rising， which had obvious photothermal conversion effect and could induce the increase of ROS in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSIONS： DOX-TiO2@Fe3O4-MTSL is prepared succe- ssfully， which has uniform appearance， good physical and chemical properties. It has obvious paramagnetism sustained release effect and photothermal conversion efficiency， and can promote ROS production in MCF-7 cells under near infrared laser irradiation at 808 nm.